Sumbul Qureshi, profile picture
Uploaded bySumbul Qureshi
PPT, PDF503 views

Storage4922

The document discusses different types of computer storage media and devices. It begins by differentiating between storage and memory, describing storage as the media and devices that record and retrieve data for future use, while memory temporarily holds data and instructions. It then covers various storage media like floppy disks, hard disks, CDs, and tapes. Floppy disks store data in tracks and sectors on a magnetic disk, while hard disks use stacked magnetic platters and read/write heads to store and access data more quickly than floppy disks. The document provides details on the components and operation of different storage technologies.

Embed presentation

Download to read offline
Chapter 7 Storage
Chapter 7 Objectives Differentiate between storage and memory Identify various types of storage media and storage devices Explain how a floppy disk stores data Identify the advantages of using high-capacity disks Describe how a hard disk organizes data Identify the advantages of using an Internet hard drive Explain how a compact disc stores data Understand how to care for a compact disc Differentiate between CD-ROMs, CD-RWs, and DVD-ROMs Identify the uses of tape Understand how an enterprise storage system works Explain how to use PC Cards and other miniature storage media Identify uses of microfilm and microfiche Next p. 7.2
What Type of Storage Do You Use? What type of storage do you use for saving your computer work? The hard drive only? A USB drive? Do you watch movies on DVD or Blu-ray? There are many different storage methods for computers and other technology. We'll describe each of the categories of devices they fall under, the general mechanics of each and their physical characteristics.
p. 7. 2 Fig. 7-1 Memory Versus Storage What is storage?  The media on which data, instructions, and information are kept, as well as the devices that record and retrieve these items Next
p. 7. 3 Memory Versus Storage What is memory?  A temporary holding place for data and instructions  Consists of one or more chips on the motherboard  Sometimes called primary storage Nonvolatile memory Does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer Volatile memory Loses its contents when the computer’s power is turned off Most memory is volatile Next
p. 7. 4 Memory Versus Storage How does storage differ from memory? When you want to work with a file, you remove it from storage and place it in memory When you are finished with the file, you remove it from memory and return it to storage  Storage also called secondary storage, auxiliary storage, permanent storage, or mass storage  Storage holds items such as data, instructions, and information for future use  Storage is nonvolatile Next
Memory Versus Storage How does volatility compare? State of Computer ON OFF p. 7. 4 Fig. 7-2 Screen Display Volatile Contents of Storage Nonvolatile Contents of Memory (most RAM) Volatile C6578 print cartridge $30.25 per cartridge 2 cartridges $60.50 total due Contents of storage retained when power is off Contents of storage retained when power is off Screen display and contents of most RAM (memory) erased when power is off Screen display and contents of most RAM (memory) erased when power is off Next
p. 7. 4 Memory Versus Storage What is a storage medium and a storage device? storage medium The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information storage device The computer hardware that records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium Next
Writing Process of transferring items from memory to a storage medium Serves as a source of output p. 7. 4 Memory Versus Storage What is reading and writing? Reading Process of transferring data, instructions, and information from a storage medium into memory Serves as a source of input Next
p. 7.4 Fig. 7-4 Memory Versus Storage What is access time?  The amount of time it takes the device to locate an item on a disk  Defines the speed of a disk storage device Memory (RAM) Hard Disk less expensive more expensive Compact Disc Floppy Disk Tape cost faster speed slower Next
p. 7. 4 Fig. 7-3 Memory Versus Storage What is capacity?  The number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold  Manufacturers use many terms to define the capacity of storage media Storage Term Abbreviation Number of bytes Kilobyte Megabyte Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte KB MB GB TB PB 1 thousand 1 million 1 billion 1 trillion 1 quadrillion Next
p. 7. 7 Floppy Disks What is a floppy disk?  A portable, inexpensive storage medium  Consists of a thin, circular, flexible plastic disk with a magnetic coating  Enclosed in a square-shaped plastic shell  Today’s standard Next disk is 3.5” wide
What is a floppy disk drive (FDD)? p. 7.7 Fig. 7-6 Floppy Disks  A device that can read from and write on a floppy disk  Most personal computers have a floppy disk drive, in which you insert and remove a floppy disk floppy disk floppy disk drive Next
p. 7. 6 Floppy Disks How are floppy disk drives designated? Two floppy drives drive A drive B One floppy drive drive A Next
p. 7. 8 Floppy Disks How does a floppy disk store data?  A type of magnetic media  Uses magnetic patterns to store items such as data, instructions, and information on a disk’s surface  Able to access (read) data from and place (write) data on a magnetic disk any number of times  The read/write head in the floppy disk drive is the mechanism that actually reads items from or writes items on the floppy disk Next
16 Internal, External, and Portable Hard Drive Systems
17 Flash Memory Systems
Upward compatible Able to recognize newer media Floppy disk drives are not upward compatible p. 7. 7 Floppy Disks What is density?  The number of bits in an area on a storage medium  A floppy disk drive must support that floppy disk’s density  Most floppy disks today are high density (HD) with a capacity of 1.44 MB Next Downward compatible Able to recognize and use earlier media Floppy disk drives are downward compatible
p. 7.8 Fig. 7-8 Floppy Disks What are tracks and sectors?  Track: a narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of the disk  Pie shaped sections break the tracks into small arcs called sectors  A sector can store up to 512 bytes of data  A typical floppy disk stores data on both sides of the Next disk sector 18 per track track 80 per side 80 tracks per side X 18 sectors per track X 2 sides per disk X 512 bytes per sector = 1,474,560 bytes
p. 7.8 Floppy Disks What is a cluster?  The smallest unit of disk space that stores data  Also called an allocation unit  2 to 8 sectors depending on the operating system  Each cluster holds data from only one file  One file can span many clusters Next cluster 2 to 8 sectors
 The process of preparing a disk for reading and writing  Formatting marks bad sectors as unusable p. 7. 8 Fig. 7-9 Floppy Disks What is formatting? Next
p. 7.9 Floppy Disks How do you care for a floppy?  A floppy disk can last at least seven years  Proper care helps to maximize a disk’s life Next Avoid exposure to heat and cold Avoid exposure to magnetic fields Avoid exposure to contaminants such as dust, smoke, or salt air Keep disks in a storage tray when not using them Never open the shutter and touch the disk’s recording surface
p. 7. 9 Fig. 7-10 Floppy Disks What is a write-protect notch?  A small opening with a cover that you slide up or down  Protects floppy disks from accidentally being erased Next notch open means you cannot write on the disk notch open means you cannot write on the disk notch closed means you can write on the disk notch closed means you can write on the disk write-protected not write-protected
HiFD™ (High-Capacity Floppy Disk) drive Uses a 200 MB HiFD™ disk Developed by Sony Electronics, Inc. p. 7.9 High-Capacity Disks What is a high-capacity disk drive?  A disk drive that uses disks with capacities of 100 MB and greater Next SuperDisk™ drive Uses a 120 MB or a 250 MB SuperDisk™ Developed by Imation Zip® drive Uses a Zip® disk that can store 100 MB or 250 MB of data Developed by Iomega Corporation built in Zip® drive Click to view Web Link then click Zip® Drives
p. 7.9 High-Capacity Disks What is a backup?  A duplicate of a file, program, or disk that you can use if the original is lost damaged, or destroyed  High-capacity disks are often used to back up important data and information Next instructions data information
p. 7. 10 Fig. 7-12 Hard Disks What a hard disk?  Consists of several inflexible, circular platters that store items electronically  Also called a hard disk drive or a fixed disk  A platter is coated with a material that allows items to be recorded magnetically on its surface  The components of a hard disk are enclosed in an airtight, sealed case to protect them Next Hard disk installed in system unit
Step 4: The head actuator positions the read/write head arms over the correct location on the platters to read or write data Step 4 Step 2: A small motor spins the platters while the computer is running Step 2 Step 3: When software requests a disk access, the read/write heads determine the current or new location of the data Step 3 Step 1: The circuit board controls the movement of the head activator and a small motor Step 1 p. 7.11 Fig. 7-13 Hard Disks How does a hard disk work? Next
p. 7. 11 Fig. 7-14 Hard Disks What is a cylinder?  The location of a single track through all platters  A single movement of the read/write head arms can read all the platters of data Next cylinder track Click to view animation
p. 7. 12 Fig. 7-15 Hard Disks What is a head crash?  Occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter  The platters of the hard disk rotate at a high rate of speed while the computer is running  The spinning creates a cushion of air that floats the read/write head above the platter Next hair read/write head dust smoke platter gap Clearance is approximately two millionths of an inch Clearance is approximately two millionths of an inch
p. 7. 12 Hard Disks How does access time compare for a hard disk and a floppy disk?  A hard disk’s access time is significantly faster than a floppy disk • The hard disk spins much faster than a floppy disk • A hard disk spins constantly, while a floppy disk starts spinning only when it receives a read or write command Next Hard disk Approximately 5 to 11 milliseconds Floppy disk 84 milliseconds or approximately ½ a second Click to view Web Link then click Hard Drives
processor hard disk disk cache first request for data — to disk cache p. 7. 12 Fig. 7-16 Hard Disks What is a disk cache?  A portion of memory that the processor uses to store frequently accessed items Next second request for data — to hard disk  A cache controller manages cache and thus determines which items cache should store
p. 7. 12 Hard Disks What is a partition?  You can divide a formatted hard disk into separate areas called partitions  Done by issuing a special operating system command  Each partition functions as if it were a separate hard disk drive Next drive C Designation for first partition or for a single partition on the hard disk drive D Designation for second partition on the hard disk
USB port Used as interface for many external hard disk drives Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE) One of the most widely used controllers Supports up to four hard disks p. 7. 13 Hard Disks What is a disk controller?  A special purpose chip and associated electronic circuits that control the transfer of data, instructions, and information from a disk to the rest of the computer  Sometimes called an interface  A hard disk controller (HDC) is the interface for a hard disk  May be part of the disk drive or a separate card inside the system unit Next small computer system interface (SCSI) Supports multiple disk drives, as well as other peripherals You can daisy chain devices together
p. 7. 13 Fig. 7-17 Hard Disks What is a removable hard disk?  A disk drive in which a plastic or metal case surrounds the hard disk so you can remove it from the drive  A popular, reasonably priced, removable hard disk is the Jaz® disk by Iomega Next
Click to view Web Link then click Kingston p. 7. 13 Company on the Cutting Edge Kingston Technology  The world’s leading independent manufacturer of memory products of computers, servers, digital cameras, and other electronic devices  Founded by John Tu and David Sun in 1987  Markets more than 2,000 products  Designated as one of the 100 Best Companies to Work for in the United States by Fortune magazine Click to view video Next
p. 7.14 Fig. 7-18 Hard Disks What is RAID?  Redundant array of independent disks  A type of hard disk system that connects several smaller disks into a single unit that acts like a single large hard disk  More reliable than a traditional disk system but quite expensive Next
 Level 1, called mirroring, has one backup disk for each disk  Levels beyond level 1 use a technique called striping, which splits data, instructions, and information across multiple disks in the array p. 7. 14 Fig. 7-19 Hard Disks How does RAID work?  RAID duplicates data, instructions, and information to improve data reliability Next Mirroring (RAID Level 1) Striping
What utilities maintain a hard disk drive?  Windows provides many maintenance and monitoring utilities for a hard disk on the System Tools submenu Click to view Web Link then click Utilities p. 7. 15 Fig. 7-20 Hard Disks Next
p. 7. 16 Fig. 7-21 Hard Disks What is an Internet hard drive?  A service on the Web that provides storage to computer users  Sometimes called online storage  Many offer storage free of charge  Revenues come Next from advertisers
Allows offsite backups of data Others can be authorized to access data from your Internet hard drive Files can be accessed from any computer or device that has Web access Large audio, video, and graphics files can be downloaded to an Internet hard drive instantaneously p. 7. 16 Hard Disks What are advantages of an Internet hard drive? Next
p. 7. 17 Compact Discs What is a compact disc (CD)? Next  A flat, round, portable, metal storage medium that usually is 4.75 inches in diameter and less than one-twentieth of an inch thick  Most personal computers today include some type of compact disc drive  Also called an optical disc  Available in a variety of formats CD-ROM C D - R C D - RW D V D - R O M
 CD drives can read compact discs, including audio discs  Most CD drives include a volume control button and a headphone jack  The drive designation of a CD drive usually follows alphabetically after that of the hard disk p. 7. 17 Fig. 7-22 Compact Discs How do you use a compact disc? Next Push button to slide out the tray Push button to slide out the tray Insert disc, label side up Insert disc, label side up Push the same button to close Push the same button to close the tray the tray
Step 3: 2: 1: Reflected If A light laser strikes diode light a is pit, shines a light beam toward the compact disc. it scatters. If light strikes land, it is reflected back toward the laser diode. deflected to a light-sensing diode, which sends digital signals of 1 to the computer. Absence of reflected light is read as a digital signal of 0. Compact disc label lens lens 0 1 prism prism laser diode laser diode Step 1  Items are stored using microscopic pits (indentations) and land (flat areas) that are in the middle layer of the disk  A laser light reads items from the compact disc p. 7. 18 Fig. 7-23 Compact Discs How does a laser read data on a compact disc? Next 2 pit land 3 Light-sensing diode Light-sensing diode
 A compact disc typically stores items in a single track  It spirals from the center of the disc to the edge of the disc  The track is divided into evenly sized sectors in which items are stored p. 7. 18 Fig. 7-24 Compact Discs How is data stored on a compact disc? Next Single track spirals to edge of disc Compact disc sectors
p. 7.19 Fig. 7-25 Compact Discs What is a jewel box?  A protective case for a compact disc  Place a compact disc in a jewel box to protect data Next
1: Do not expose the disc to excessive heat 2: Doro snuontl iegaht,t . smoke, or drink 3: Dneoa nr oat dsitsacc.k discs. 4: Do not touch the underside of the 5: Ddios cs.tore the disc in a jewel box when not in use. 6: Do hold a disc by its edges. p. 7.19 Fig. 7-26 Compact Discs How should you care for a compact disc? Next
p. 7. 20 CD-ROMs What is a CD-ROM?  A silver-colored compact disc that uses the same laser technology as audio CDs for recording music  Can contain text, graphics, audio, and video  The manufacturer writes, or records, the contents of standard CD-ROMs  You cannot erase or modify the contents  A CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player is used to read items on a CD-ROM Next
Click to view Web Link then click CD-ROMs p. 7. 20 Fig. 7-27 CD-ROMs What is the storage capacity of a CD-ROM?  A typical CD-ROM holds about 650 MB of data, instructions, and information  Manufactures use CD-ROMs to store and distribute today’s multimedia and other complex software Next
40X 40 X 150 KB per second = 6,000 KB per second or 6 MB per second p. 7.20 CD-ROMs What is the data transfer rate of a CD-ROM drive?  The time it takes a drive to transmit data, instructions, and information from the drive to another device  Slower CD-ROM drives produce choppy images or sound  Drive speed measured relative to original CD-ROM drives (150 KB per second) Next range of current rates 75X 75 X 150 KB per second = 12,250 KB per second or 12.25 MB per second
p. 7. 21 Fig. 7-28 CD-ROMs What is a PhotoCD?  A compact disc that contains digital photographic images saved in the PhotoCD format  Based on a file format developed by Eastman Kodak  Used by commercial and professional users Next  A multisession disc, which means you can write additional data, instructions, and information to the disc at a later time
p. 7. 21 CD-ROMs Next What is a Picture CD?  A single-session disc offered by Kodak  Stores digital versions of photographs for consumers  Single-session means all items are written to the disc at one time  Film developers create the images on the disc from photographic negatives at the time a roll of film is developed Click to view Web Link then click Picture CDs
p. 7. 22 CD-R and CD-RW What is a CD-R (compact disc-recordable)?  A multisession compact disc onto which you can record your own items such as text, graphics, and audio  You write on the CD-R using a CD recorder or a CD-R drive and special software Next  The CD-R drive can read and write both audio CDs and standard CD-ROMs  You cannot erase the disc’s contents  Most CD-ROM drives can read a CD-R
 Discs can be read only by multiread CD-ROM drives • Drives that can read Click to view Web Link then click CD-RWs p. 7. 22 CD-R and CD-RW What is a CD-RW (compact disc-rewritable)?  An erasable disc you can write on multiple times  You must have CD-RW software and a CD-RW drive Next audio CDs, data CDs, CD-Rs, and CD-RWs • Most recent CD-ROM drives are multiread
Step 1: Artist composes a song and creates a CD. Step 2a: Song is stored on audio CD and purchased by the user. Step 2b: Song is compressed and stored on the Internet. Step 3a: User inserts audio CD into CD-ROM drive, plays song, and copies it to Step 4: User copies file to CD-RW disc. hard disk. 3b: User downloads as audio file to hard Step 5: User listens to song on personal computer disk. or removes CD and listens to song on portable CD player. p. 7. 23 Fig. 7-29 CD-R and CD-RW How is an audio CD created? Next 1 2a 2b 3a 3b 4 5
p. 7.24 Fig. 7-30 DVD-ROMs What is a DVD-ROM (digital video disc-ROM)?  An extremely high capacity compact disc capable of storing from 4.7 GB to 17 GB  You must have a DVD-ROM drive or DVD player to read a DVD-ROM  Looks just like a CD-ROM but data, instructions, and information is stored in a slightly different manner to achieve a higher storage capacity Click to view video Next
p. 7. 25 Fig. 7-31 DVD-ROMs How does a DVD-ROM store data?  Three storage techniques used to store DVD-ROM data • Pits are packed closer together to make the disc more dense • Two layers of pits are used, where the lower layer is semitransparent so the laser can read through it to the upper layer • Some are double-sided, which means you can remove the DVD-ROM and turn it over to read the other side Next
Digital motion picture DVD Used to play a movie on your television set or view on the p. 7. 25 DVD-ROMs What are other various DVD formats? Next computer DVD-R (DVD-recordable) A recordable DVD that you can write on once and read from many times DVD-RAM A rewritable DVD that allows you to erase and record on the disc multiple times DVD+RW A competing technology to DVD-RAM Click to view video
Click to view Web Link then click EMC p. 7. 26 Company on the Cutting Edge EMC2  A provider pf storage systems for some of the world’s largest corporations  Founded in 1979 by Richard Egan and Roger Marino to fill a demand for add-on memory boards in the minicomputer market Next
Click to view Web Link then click Tapes p. 7. 26 Fig. 7-32 Tapes What is tape?  A magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information at a low cost  A tape drive reads from and writes data and information on a tape  Older computers used reel-to-reel tape drives  A tape cartridge is a small, rectangular, plastic housing for tape used in today’s tape drives Next
p. 7.26 Fig. 7-33 Tapes Where is tape used?  Used by business and home users to backup personal computer hard disks  Both external and internal tape units for personal computers  Larger computers use tape cartridges mounted in a separate cabinet called a tape library  Three common types of tape drives Next
p. 7. 26 Tapes What is sequential access versus direct access? Next Sequential access Method used for tape Reading and writing data consecutively You must forward or rewind the tape to a specific point to access a specific piece of data Much slower Utilized most often for long-term storage and backup Direct access Method used for floppy disks, hard disks, and compact discs Also called random access You can locate a particular data item or file immediately, without having to move consecutively through items stored in front of the desired data item or file Faster Used as the primary method of storage
Next tape library CD-ROM jukeboxes NAS NNNAAASSS device dddeeevvviiiccceee Internet backup RAID SAN servers p. 7.27 Fig. 7-34 Enterprise Storage Systems What is an enterprise storage system?  A strategy that focuses on the availability, protection , organization, and backup of storage in a company  Goal is to consolidate storage so operations run as efficiently as possible
Server CD-ROM jukebox RAID system Stores data, information, and instructions need by users on the network Holds hundreds of CD-ROMs that can contain Tape application library Ensures that data is not lost if one drive fails programs and data A high-capacity tape system that works with multiple tape Also called a CD-ROM server cartridges for storing backups of data, information, Internet backup and instructions Stores data, information, and instructions on the Network-attached storage (NAS) device Web An easy way to add additional hard disk space to the network p. 7. 27 Enterprise Storage Systems What storage techniques are used in an enterprise system? Next Storage area network (SAN) A high-speed network that connects storage devices
p. 7. 28 Enterprise Storage Systems How do organizations handle storage? Next Enterprise storage system managed in house Data warehouse A huge database system that stores and manages historical and current transaction data Storage management offloaded to an outside organization or online Web service
Click to view Web Link then click PC Cards p. 7. 28 Fig. 7-35 PC Cards What is a PC Card?  A thin, credit card-sized device  Fits into a PC Card slot on a notebook other personal computer  Different types and sizes add storage, additional memory, communications, and sound capabilities to a computer Next
p. 7. 28 Fig. 7-36 PC Cards What are the uses of PC Cards?  Three types of PC Card  Advantage of a PC Card for storage is portability between systems Next
p. 7. 28 Fig. 7-37 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What is miniature mobile storage media?  Handheld devices use miniature mobile storage media to augment internal storage Next Device Name Storage Capacity Type, Use Clik! Disk CompactFlash Microdrive SmartMedia 40 MB 2 to 256 MB 1 GB 2 to 128 MB Cartridge Digital cameras, notebook computers Memory Card Digital cameras, handheld computers, notebook computers, printers, cellular telephones Memory card Digital cameras, handheld computers, music players, video cameras Memory Card Digital cameras, handheld computers, photo printers, cellular telephones
p. 7. 29 Fig. 7-38 Miniature Mobile Storage Media How is miniature storage media used?  Handheld devices, such as players and wallets, read or display the contents of miniature storage media such as memory cards Next
p. 7. 29 Fig. 7-39 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What is a smart card?  Stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card  Similar in size to a credit card  Read smart card with a specialized card reader  Information on the smart card can be read and updated Next
Store data such as photographs, music, books, and video clips p. 7. 29 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What are the types of smart cards?  Intelligent smart card contains a processor and has input, process, output, and storage capabilities  Memory card has only storage capabilities Next Store a prepaid dollar amount that is updated when the card is used Store patient records, vaccination data, and other healthcare information Store tracking information such as customer purchases or employee attendance
p. 7. 29 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What is electronic money?  A means of paying for goods and services over the Internet  Also called digital cash Next A bank issues unique digital cash numbers that represent an amount of money When you purchase digital cash, the amount of money is withdrawn from your bank account To use the card you swipe it through a card reader
p. 7. 30 Fig. 7-40 Microfilm and Microfiche What are microfilm and microfiche?  Store microscopic images of documents on roll or sheet film  Images recorded onto film using a computer output microfilm (COM) recorder  Images can only be read with a microfilm or microfiche reader Next Microfiche Uses a small sheet of film, usually about four inches by six inches Microfilm Uses a 100- to 215- foot roll of film
p. 7.30 Fig. 7-41 Microfilm and Microfiche How do life expectancies of various media compare?  Microfilm and microfiche are inexpensive and have the longest life of any storage medium Next
Home Mobile 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive Large Business 75 GB hard disk DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive Microfilm or microfiche Smart card reader RAID Tape drive Enterprise storage system 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive 75 GB hard disk Internet hard drive 2 GB Jaz® drive 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive 1 GB PC Card hard disk 10 GB hard disk Internet hard drive DVD-ROM drive or 40X CD-ROM drive 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive 40 GB hard disk Internet hard drive DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive 2 GB Jaz® drive Mobile p. 7. 31 Fig. 7-42 Summary What are suggested storage devices for computer users? Next 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive 250 MB Zip® drive 30 GB hard disk Internet hard drive DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive Small Office/Home Office Power
Summary of Storage  Memory versus storage  Floppy disks  High-capacity disks  Hard disks  Compact discs  CD-ROMs  CD-R and CD-RW  DVD-ROMs  Tapes  Enterprise storage systems  PC Cards  Miniature mobile storage media  Microfilm and microfiche Next
Chapter 7 Complete

More Related Content

PPT
Chapter07
byjapontev
 
PPT
Storage 1
byDara Corporates
 
PPTX
Storage System and Backup Media
byImranulHasan6
 
PPTX
DIRECT ACCESS STORAGE DEVICES
byStaus Nyongesa
 
PPT
Secondary storage devices
bySiddique Ibrahim
 
PPTX
Storage ch # 7
byRana Usman Sattar
 
PPT
14c. Computer Systems Extra Storage
byNew Era University
 
PPTX
secondry storage ahsan warraich
byahsaniftikhar19
 
Chapter07
byjapontev
 
Storage 1
byDara Corporates
 
Storage System and Backup Media
byImranulHasan6
 
DIRECT ACCESS STORAGE DEVICES
byStaus Nyongesa
 
Secondary storage devices
bySiddique Ibrahim
 
Storage ch # 7
byRana Usman Sattar
 
14c. Computer Systems Extra Storage
byNew Era University
 
secondry storage ahsan warraich
byahsaniftikhar19
 

What's hot

PPT
Floppy disk
byTarun Bagga
 
PPTX
Presentation on storage devices
byNouman Riaz
 
PPT
Secondary storage devices and
byrosey46
 
PDF
Secondary Storage Devices
byWe Learn - A Continuous Learning Forum from Welingkar's Distance Learning Program.
 
PPT
Chapter07
byALBAKRI MOHAMMAD
 
PPT
Presentation on storage device
byNitish Xavier Tirkey
 
PPT
Storage devices
byshidabahri810
 
DOC
External storage-transfer-2
byssuser1eca7d
 
PPTX
Storage devices
byPurvesh Shinde
 
PPTX
Storage devices
bymanusubh
 
PPT
Chapter 7: Basic Disk Drives
byaskme
 
PPT
magnetic and optic based storage devices
bySarab Singh
 
PPTX
Parts of computer
byShubh Kela
 
PPTX
storage devices
byMomina Mateen
 
DOCX
HARD DISK PARTITIONING,FORMATING
bychiju chinnu
 
PPTX
Storage ppt lauren&jesss.pptx
byJessicavella
 
PDF
system storage
byNaqashAhmad14
 
PPTX
EXTERNAL STORAGE OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
byPalash Bhatt
 
PPTX
Storage Device
byNeena Thanasaenchok
 
PPTX
Types of Storage Devices
byKabarak University
 
Floppy disk
byTarun Bagga
 
Presentation on storage devices
byNouman Riaz
 
Secondary storage devices and
byrosey46
 
Secondary Storage Devices
byWe Learn - A Continuous Learning Forum from Welingkar's Distance Learning Program.
 
Chapter07
byALBAKRI MOHAMMAD
 
Presentation on storage device
byNitish Xavier Tirkey
 
Storage devices
byshidabahri810
 
External storage-transfer-2
byssuser1eca7d
 
Storage devices
byPurvesh Shinde
 
Storage devices
bymanusubh
 
Chapter 7: Basic Disk Drives
byaskme
 
magnetic and optic based storage devices
bySarab Singh
 
Parts of computer
byShubh Kela
 
storage devices
byMomina Mateen
 
HARD DISK PARTITIONING,FORMATING
bychiju chinnu
 
Storage ppt lauren&jesss.pptx
byJessicavella
 
system storage
byNaqashAhmad14
 
EXTERNAL STORAGE OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
byPalash Bhatt
 
Storage Device
byNeena Thanasaenchok
 
Types of Storage Devices
byKabarak University
 

Similar to Storage4922

PPT
Chapter 7 Storage
bynorzaini
 
PPT
Chapter 2 part 1
byNasrullah Razali
 
PPT
ITBIS105 5
bySuad 00
 
PPT
Storage
byDhani Ahmad
 
PPT
Faizan Chap 07 Storage
bysharing notes123
 
PPT
Chapter07
byIzaham
 
PDF
CSC1100 - Chapter05 - Storage
byYhal Htet Aung
 
PPTX
Ch-04 (Comp) - Storage Devices.pptx important
byhamzamalhi747
 
PPT
Backing storage media
byMirza Ćutuk
 
PPT
1f Backup
byMISY
 
PPTX
Secondary Storage -magnetic tape optical disk
byAnitaChoudhary51
 
PPTX
Computer storage
byJerome Luison
 
DOC
Storage Devices
byShaina Mavreen Villaroza
 
DOC
COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM UNIT
byimtiazalijoono
 
PPT
MDFH_Session6 (1)_hayes _ chapter 6 SE 222
bytabeh82816
 
PPT
04b storing data - storage devices
byhorrorland
 
PPTX
Types of secondary storage devices ppt
bySurkhab Shelly
 
PDF
memory, storage devices and media By ZAK
byTabsheer Hasan
 
PPTX
ch6 - storage.pptx
byGenelleSoriano
 
PPTX
Chapter 04 storage csc & tts
byHisyam Rosly
 
Chapter 7 Storage
bynorzaini
 
Chapter 2 part 1
byNasrullah Razali
 
ITBIS105 5
bySuad 00
 
Storage
byDhani Ahmad
 
Faizan Chap 07 Storage
bysharing notes123
 
Chapter07
byIzaham
 
CSC1100 - Chapter05 - Storage
byYhal Htet Aung
 
Ch-04 (Comp) - Storage Devices.pptx important
byhamzamalhi747
 
Backing storage media
byMirza Ćutuk
 
1f Backup
byMISY
 
Secondary Storage -magnetic tape optical disk
byAnitaChoudhary51
 
Computer storage
byJerome Luison
 
Storage Devices
byShaina Mavreen Villaroza
 
COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM UNIT
byimtiazalijoono
 
MDFH_Session6 (1)_hayes _ chapter 6 SE 222
bytabeh82816
 
04b storing data - storage devices
byhorrorland
 
Types of secondary storage devices ppt
bySurkhab Shelly
 
memory, storage devices and media By ZAK
byTabsheer Hasan
 
ch6 - storage.pptx
byGenelleSoriano
 
Chapter 04 storage csc & tts
byHisyam Rosly
 

Storage4922

  • 1.
  • 2.
    Chapter 7 Objectives Differentiate between storage and memory Identify various types of storage media and storage devices Explain how a floppy disk stores data Identify the advantages of using high-capacity disks Describe how a hard disk organizes data Identify the advantages of using an Internet hard drive Explain how a compact disc stores data Understand how to care for a compact disc Differentiate between CD-ROMs, CD-RWs, and DVD-ROMs Identify the uses of tape Understand how an enterprise storage system works Explain how to use PC Cards and other miniature storage media Identify uses of microfilm and microfiche Next p. 7.2
  • 3.
    What Type ofStorage Do You Use? What type of storage do you use for saving your computer work? The hard drive only? A USB drive? Do you watch movies on DVD or Blu-ray? There are many different storage methods for computers and other technology. We'll describe each of the categories of devices they fall under, the general mechanics of each and their physical characteristics.
  • 4.
    p. 7. 2Fig. 7-1 Memory Versus Storage What is storage?  The media on which data, instructions, and information are kept, as well as the devices that record and retrieve these items Next
  • 5.
    p. 7. 3 Memory Versus Storage What is memory?  A temporary holding place for data and instructions  Consists of one or more chips on the motherboard  Sometimes called primary storage Nonvolatile memory Does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer Volatile memory Loses its contents when the computer’s power is turned off Most memory is volatile Next
  • 6.
    p. 7. 4 Memory Versus Storage How does storage differ from memory? When you want to work with a file, you remove it from storage and place it in memory When you are finished with the file, you remove it from memory and return it to storage  Storage also called secondary storage, auxiliary storage, permanent storage, or mass storage  Storage holds items such as data, instructions, and information for future use  Storage is nonvolatile Next
  • 7.
    Memory Versus Storage How does volatility compare? State of Computer ON OFF p. 7. 4 Fig. 7-2 Screen Display Volatile Contents of Storage Nonvolatile Contents of Memory (most RAM) Volatile C6578 print cartridge $30.25 per cartridge 2 cartridges $60.50 total due Contents of storage retained when power is off Contents of storage retained when power is off Screen display and contents of most RAM (memory) erased when power is off Screen display and contents of most RAM (memory) erased when power is off Next
  • 8.
    p. 7. 4 Memory Versus Storage What is a storage medium and a storage device? storage medium The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information storage device The computer hardware that records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium Next
  • 9.
    Writing Process of transferring items from memory to a storage medium Serves as a source of output p. 7. 4 Memory Versus Storage What is reading and writing? Reading Process of transferring data, instructions, and information from a storage medium into memory Serves as a source of input Next
  • 10.
    p. 7.4 Fig.7-4 Memory Versus Storage What is access time?  The amount of time it takes the device to locate an item on a disk  Defines the speed of a disk storage device Memory (RAM) Hard Disk less expensive more expensive Compact Disc Floppy Disk Tape cost faster speed slower Next
  • 11.
    p. 7. 4Fig. 7-3 Memory Versus Storage What is capacity?  The number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold  Manufacturers use many terms to define the capacity of storage media Storage Term Abbreviation Number of bytes Kilobyte Megabyte Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte KB MB GB TB PB 1 thousand 1 million 1 billion 1 trillion 1 quadrillion Next
  • 12.
    p. 7. 7 Floppy Disks What is a floppy disk?  A portable, inexpensive storage medium  Consists of a thin, circular, flexible plastic disk with a magnetic coating  Enclosed in a square-shaped plastic shell  Today’s standard Next disk is 3.5” wide
  • 13.
    What is afloppy disk drive (FDD)? p. 7.7 Fig. 7-6 Floppy Disks  A device that can read from and write on a floppy disk  Most personal computers have a floppy disk drive, in which you insert and remove a floppy disk floppy disk floppy disk drive Next
  • 14.
    p. 7. 6 Floppy Disks How are floppy disk drives designated? Two floppy drives drive A drive B One floppy drive drive A Next
  • 15.
    p. 7. 8 Floppy Disks How does a floppy disk store data?  A type of magnetic media  Uses magnetic patterns to store items such as data, instructions, and information on a disk’s surface  Able to access (read) data from and place (write) data on a magnetic disk any number of times  The read/write head in the floppy disk drive is the mechanism that actually reads items from or writes items on the floppy disk Next
  • 16.
    16 Internal, External,and Portable Hard Drive Systems
  • 17.
  • 18.
    Upward compatible Ableto recognize newer media Floppy disk drives are not upward compatible p. 7. 7 Floppy Disks What is density?  The number of bits in an area on a storage medium  A floppy disk drive must support that floppy disk’s density  Most floppy disks today are high density (HD) with a capacity of 1.44 MB Next Downward compatible Able to recognize and use earlier media Floppy disk drives are downward compatible
  • 19.
    p. 7.8 Fig.7-8 Floppy Disks What are tracks and sectors?  Track: a narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of the disk  Pie shaped sections break the tracks into small arcs called sectors  A sector can store up to 512 bytes of data  A typical floppy disk stores data on both sides of the Next disk sector 18 per track track 80 per side 80 tracks per side X 18 sectors per track X 2 sides per disk X 512 bytes per sector = 1,474,560 bytes
  • 20.
    p. 7.8 FloppyDisks What is a cluster?  The smallest unit of disk space that stores data  Also called an allocation unit  2 to 8 sectors depending on the operating system  Each cluster holds data from only one file  One file can span many clusters Next cluster 2 to 8 sectors
  • 21.
     The processof preparing a disk for reading and writing  Formatting marks bad sectors as unusable p. 7. 8 Fig. 7-9 Floppy Disks What is formatting? Next
  • 22.
    p. 7.9 FloppyDisks How do you care for a floppy?  A floppy disk can last at least seven years  Proper care helps to maximize a disk’s life Next Avoid exposure to heat and cold Avoid exposure to magnetic fields Avoid exposure to contaminants such as dust, smoke, or salt air Keep disks in a storage tray when not using them Never open the shutter and touch the disk’s recording surface
  • 23.
    p. 7. 9Fig. 7-10 Floppy Disks What is a write-protect notch?  A small opening with a cover that you slide up or down  Protects floppy disks from accidentally being erased Next notch open means you cannot write on the disk notch open means you cannot write on the disk notch closed means you can write on the disk notch closed means you can write on the disk write-protected not write-protected
  • 24.
    HiFD™ (High-Capacity FloppyDisk) drive Uses a 200 MB HiFD™ disk Developed by Sony Electronics, Inc. p. 7.9 High-Capacity Disks What is a high-capacity disk drive?  A disk drive that uses disks with capacities of 100 MB and greater Next SuperDisk™ drive Uses a 120 MB or a 250 MB SuperDisk™ Developed by Imation Zip® drive Uses a Zip® disk that can store 100 MB or 250 MB of data Developed by Iomega Corporation built in Zip® drive Click to view Web Link then click Zip® Drives
  • 25.
    p. 7.9 High-CapacityDisks What is a backup?  A duplicate of a file, program, or disk that you can use if the original is lost damaged, or destroyed  High-capacity disks are often used to back up important data and information Next instructions data information
  • 26.
    p. 7. 10Fig. 7-12 Hard Disks What a hard disk?  Consists of several inflexible, circular platters that store items electronically  Also called a hard disk drive or a fixed disk  A platter is coated with a material that allows items to be recorded magnetically on its surface  The components of a hard disk are enclosed in an airtight, sealed case to protect them Next Hard disk installed in system unit
  • 27.
    Step 4: Thehead actuator positions the read/write head arms over the correct location on the platters to read or write data Step 4 Step 2: A small motor spins the platters while the computer is running Step 2 Step 3: When software requests a disk access, the read/write heads determine the current or new location of the data Step 3 Step 1: The circuit board controls the movement of the head activator and a small motor Step 1 p. 7.11 Fig. 7-13 Hard Disks How does a hard disk work? Next
  • 28.
    p. 7. 11Fig. 7-14 Hard Disks What is a cylinder?  The location of a single track through all platters  A single movement of the read/write head arms can read all the platters of data Next cylinder track Click to view animation
  • 29.
    p. 7. 12Fig. 7-15 Hard Disks What is a head crash?  Occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter  The platters of the hard disk rotate at a high rate of speed while the computer is running  The spinning creates a cushion of air that floats the read/write head above the platter Next hair read/write head dust smoke platter gap Clearance is approximately two millionths of an inch Clearance is approximately two millionths of an inch
  • 30.
    p. 7. 12 Hard Disks How does access time compare for a hard disk and a floppy disk?  A hard disk’s access time is significantly faster than a floppy disk • The hard disk spins much faster than a floppy disk • A hard disk spins constantly, while a floppy disk starts spinning only when it receives a read or write command Next Hard disk Approximately 5 to 11 milliseconds Floppy disk 84 milliseconds or approximately ½ a second Click to view Web Link then click Hard Drives
  • 31.
    processor hard disk disk cache first request for data — to disk cache p. 7. 12 Fig. 7-16 Hard Disks What is a disk cache?  A portion of memory that the processor uses to store frequently accessed items Next second request for data — to hard disk  A cache controller manages cache and thus determines which items cache should store
  • 32.
    p. 7. 12 Hard Disks What is a partition?  You can divide a formatted hard disk into separate areas called partitions  Done by issuing a special operating system command  Each partition functions as if it were a separate hard disk drive Next drive C Designation for first partition or for a single partition on the hard disk drive D Designation for second partition on the hard disk
  • 33.
    USB port Usedas interface for many external hard disk drives Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE) One of the most widely used controllers Supports up to four hard disks p. 7. 13 Hard Disks What is a disk controller?  A special purpose chip and associated electronic circuits that control the transfer of data, instructions, and information from a disk to the rest of the computer  Sometimes called an interface  A hard disk controller (HDC) is the interface for a hard disk  May be part of the disk drive or a separate card inside the system unit Next small computer system interface (SCSI) Supports multiple disk drives, as well as other peripherals You can daisy chain devices together
  • 34.
    p. 7. 13Fig. 7-17 Hard Disks What is a removable hard disk?  A disk drive in which a plastic or metal case surrounds the hard disk so you can remove it from the drive  A popular, reasonably priced, removable hard disk is the Jaz® disk by Iomega Next
  • 35.
    Click to view Web Link then click Kingston p. 7. 13 Company on the Cutting Edge Kingston Technology  The world’s leading independent manufacturer of memory products of computers, servers, digital cameras, and other electronic devices  Founded by John Tu and David Sun in 1987  Markets more than 2,000 products  Designated as one of the 100 Best Companies to Work for in the United States by Fortune magazine Click to view video Next
  • 36.
    p. 7.14 Fig.7-18 Hard Disks What is RAID?  Redundant array of independent disks  A type of hard disk system that connects several smaller disks into a single unit that acts like a single large hard disk  More reliable than a traditional disk system but quite expensive Next
  • 37.
     Level 1,called mirroring, has one backup disk for each disk  Levels beyond level 1 use a technique called striping, which splits data, instructions, and information across multiple disks in the array p. 7. 14 Fig. 7-19 Hard Disks How does RAID work?  RAID duplicates data, instructions, and information to improve data reliability Next Mirroring (RAID Level 1) Striping
  • 38.
    What utilities maintaina hard disk drive?  Windows provides many maintenance and monitoring utilities for a hard disk on the System Tools submenu Click to view Web Link then click Utilities p. 7. 15 Fig. 7-20 Hard Disks Next
  • 39.
    p. 7. 16Fig. 7-21 Hard Disks What is an Internet hard drive?  A service on the Web that provides storage to computer users  Sometimes called online storage  Many offer storage free of charge  Revenues come Next from advertisers
  • 40.
    Allows offsite backupsof data Others can be authorized to access data from your Internet hard drive Files can be accessed from any computer or device that has Web access Large audio, video, and graphics files can be downloaded to an Internet hard drive instantaneously p. 7. 16 Hard Disks What are advantages of an Internet hard drive? Next
  • 41.
    p. 7. 17 Compact Discs What is a compact disc (CD)? Next  A flat, round, portable, metal storage medium that usually is 4.75 inches in diameter and less than one-twentieth of an inch thick  Most personal computers today include some type of compact disc drive  Also called an optical disc  Available in a variety of formats CD-ROM C D - R C D - RW D V D - R O M
  • 42.
     CD drivescan read compact discs, including audio discs  Most CD drives include a volume control button and a headphone jack  The drive designation of a CD drive usually follows alphabetically after that of the hard disk p. 7. 17 Fig. 7-22 Compact Discs How do you use a compact disc? Next Push button to slide out the tray Push button to slide out the tray Insert disc, label side up Insert disc, label side up Push the same button to close Push the same button to close the tray the tray
  • 43.
    Step 3: 2:1: Reflected If A light laser strikes diode light a is pit, shines a light beam toward the compact disc. it scatters. If light strikes land, it is reflected back toward the laser diode. deflected to a light-sensing diode, which sends digital signals of 1 to the computer. Absence of reflected light is read as a digital signal of 0. Compact disc label lens lens 0 1 prism prism laser diode laser diode Step 1  Items are stored using microscopic pits (indentations) and land (flat areas) that are in the middle layer of the disk  A laser light reads items from the compact disc p. 7. 18 Fig. 7-23 Compact Discs How does a laser read data on a compact disc? Next 2 pit land 3 Light-sensing diode Light-sensing diode
  • 44.
     A compactdisc typically stores items in a single track  It spirals from the center of the disc to the edge of the disc  The track is divided into evenly sized sectors in which items are stored p. 7. 18 Fig. 7-24 Compact Discs How is data stored on a compact disc? Next Single track spirals to edge of disc Compact disc sectors
  • 45.
    p. 7.19 Fig.7-25 Compact Discs What is a jewel box?  A protective case for a compact disc  Place a compact disc in a jewel box to protect data Next
  • 46.
    1: Do notexpose the disc to excessive heat 2: Doro snuontl iegaht,t . smoke, or drink 3: Dneoa nr oat dsitsacc.k discs. 4: Do not touch the underside of the 5: Ddios cs.tore the disc in a jewel box when not in use. 6: Do hold a disc by its edges. p. 7.19 Fig. 7-26 Compact Discs How should you care for a compact disc? Next
  • 47.
    p. 7. 20 CD-ROMs What is a CD-ROM?  A silver-colored compact disc that uses the same laser technology as audio CDs for recording music  Can contain text, graphics, audio, and video  The manufacturer writes, or records, the contents of standard CD-ROMs  You cannot erase or modify the contents  A CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player is used to read items on a CD-ROM Next
  • 48.
    Click to viewWeb Link then click CD-ROMs p. 7. 20 Fig. 7-27 CD-ROMs What is the storage capacity of a CD-ROM?  A typical CD-ROM holds about 650 MB of data, instructions, and information  Manufactures use CD-ROMs to store and distribute today’s multimedia and other complex software Next
  • 49.
    40X 40 X150 KB per second = 6,000 KB per second or 6 MB per second p. 7.20 CD-ROMs What is the data transfer rate of a CD-ROM drive?  The time it takes a drive to transmit data, instructions, and information from the drive to another device  Slower CD-ROM drives produce choppy images or sound  Drive speed measured relative to original CD-ROM drives (150 KB per second) Next range of current rates 75X 75 X 150 KB per second = 12,250 KB per second or 12.25 MB per second
  • 50.
    p. 7. 21Fig. 7-28 CD-ROMs What is a PhotoCD?  A compact disc that contains digital photographic images saved in the PhotoCD format  Based on a file format developed by Eastman Kodak  Used by commercial and professional users Next  A multisession disc, which means you can write additional data, instructions, and information to the disc at a later time
  • 51.
    p. 7. 21 CD-ROMs Next What is a Picture CD?  A single-session disc offered by Kodak  Stores digital versions of photographs for consumers  Single-session means all items are written to the disc at one time  Film developers create the images on the disc from photographic negatives at the time a roll of film is developed Click to view Web Link then click Picture CDs
  • 52.
    p. 7. 22 CD-R and CD-RW What is a CD-R (compact disc-recordable)?  A multisession compact disc onto which you can record your own items such as text, graphics, and audio  You write on the CD-R using a CD recorder or a CD-R drive and special software Next  The CD-R drive can read and write both audio CDs and standard CD-ROMs  You cannot erase the disc’s contents  Most CD-ROM drives can read a CD-R
  • 53.
     Discs canbe read only by multiread CD-ROM drives • Drives that can read Click to view Web Link then click CD-RWs p. 7. 22 CD-R and CD-RW What is a CD-RW (compact disc-rewritable)?  An erasable disc you can write on multiple times  You must have CD-RW software and a CD-RW drive Next audio CDs, data CDs, CD-Rs, and CD-RWs • Most recent CD-ROM drives are multiread
  • 54.
    Step 1: Artistcomposes a song and creates a CD. Step 2a: Song is stored on audio CD and purchased by the user. Step 2b: Song is compressed and stored on the Internet. Step 3a: User inserts audio CD into CD-ROM drive, plays song, and copies it to Step 4: User copies file to CD-RW disc. hard disk. 3b: User downloads as audio file to hard Step 5: User listens to song on personal computer disk. or removes CD and listens to song on portable CD player. p. 7. 23 Fig. 7-29 CD-R and CD-RW How is an audio CD created? Next 1 2a 2b 3a 3b 4 5
  • 55.
    p. 7.24 Fig.7-30 DVD-ROMs What is a DVD-ROM (digital video disc-ROM)?  An extremely high capacity compact disc capable of storing from 4.7 GB to 17 GB  You must have a DVD-ROM drive or DVD player to read a DVD-ROM  Looks just like a CD-ROM but data, instructions, and information is stored in a slightly different manner to achieve a higher storage capacity Click to view video Next
  • 56.
    p. 7. 25Fig. 7-31 DVD-ROMs How does a DVD-ROM store data?  Three storage techniques used to store DVD-ROM data • Pits are packed closer together to make the disc more dense • Two layers of pits are used, where the lower layer is semitransparent so the laser can read through it to the upper layer • Some are double-sided, which means you can remove the DVD-ROM and turn it over to read the other side Next
  • 57.
    Digital motion pictureDVD Used to play a movie on your television set or view on the p. 7. 25 DVD-ROMs What are other various DVD formats? Next computer DVD-R (DVD-recordable) A recordable DVD that you can write on once and read from many times DVD-RAM A rewritable DVD that allows you to erase and record on the disc multiple times DVD+RW A competing technology to DVD-RAM Click to view video
  • 58.
    Click to viewWeb Link then click EMC p. 7. 26 Company on the Cutting Edge EMC2  A provider pf storage systems for some of the world’s largest corporations  Founded in 1979 by Richard Egan and Roger Marino to fill a demand for add-on memory boards in the minicomputer market Next
  • 59.
    Click to view Web Link then click Tapes p. 7. 26 Fig. 7-32 Tapes What is tape?  A magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information at a low cost  A tape drive reads from and writes data and information on a tape  Older computers used reel-to-reel tape drives  A tape cartridge is a small, rectangular, plastic housing for tape used in today’s tape drives Next
  • 60.
    p. 7.26 Fig.7-33 Tapes Where is tape used?  Used by business and home users to backup personal computer hard disks  Both external and internal tape units for personal computers  Larger computers use tape cartridges mounted in a separate cabinet called a tape library  Three common types of tape drives Next
  • 61.
    p. 7. 26 Tapes What is sequential access versus direct access? Next Sequential access Method used for tape Reading and writing data consecutively You must forward or rewind the tape to a specific point to access a specific piece of data Much slower Utilized most often for long-term storage and backup Direct access Method used for floppy disks, hard disks, and compact discs Also called random access You can locate a particular data item or file immediately, without having to move consecutively through items stored in front of the desired data item or file Faster Used as the primary method of storage
  • 62.
    Next tape library CD-ROM jukeboxes NAS NNNAAASSS device dddeeevvviiiccceee Internet backup RAID SAN servers p. 7.27 Fig. 7-34 Enterprise Storage Systems What is an enterprise storage system?  A strategy that focuses on the availability, protection , organization, and backup of storage in a company  Goal is to consolidate storage so operations run as efficiently as possible
  • 63.
    Server CD-ROM jukebox RAID system Stores data, information, and instructions need by users on the network Holds hundreds of CD-ROMs that can contain Tape application library Ensures that data is not lost if one drive fails programs and data A high-capacity tape system that works with multiple tape Also called a CD-ROM server cartridges for storing backups of data, information, Internet backup and instructions Stores data, information, and instructions on the Network-attached storage (NAS) device Web An easy way to add additional hard disk space to the network p. 7. 27 Enterprise Storage Systems What storage techniques are used in an enterprise system? Next Storage area network (SAN) A high-speed network that connects storage devices
  • 64.
    p. 7. 28 Enterprise Storage Systems How do organizations handle storage? Next Enterprise storage system managed in house Data warehouse A huge database system that stores and manages historical and current transaction data Storage management offloaded to an outside organization or online Web service
  • 65.
    Click to viewWeb Link then click PC Cards p. 7. 28 Fig. 7-35 PC Cards What is a PC Card?  A thin, credit card-sized device  Fits into a PC Card slot on a notebook other personal computer  Different types and sizes add storage, additional memory, communications, and sound capabilities to a computer Next
  • 66.
    p. 7. 28Fig. 7-36 PC Cards What are the uses of PC Cards?  Three types of PC Card  Advantage of a PC Card for storage is portability between systems Next
  • 67.
    p. 7. 28Fig. 7-37 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What is miniature mobile storage media?  Handheld devices use miniature mobile storage media to augment internal storage Next Device Name Storage Capacity Type, Use Clik! Disk CompactFlash Microdrive SmartMedia 40 MB 2 to 256 MB 1 GB 2 to 128 MB Cartridge Digital cameras, notebook computers Memory Card Digital cameras, handheld computers, notebook computers, printers, cellular telephones Memory card Digital cameras, handheld computers, music players, video cameras Memory Card Digital cameras, handheld computers, photo printers, cellular telephones
  • 68.
    p. 7. 29Fig. 7-38 Miniature Mobile Storage Media How is miniature storage media used?  Handheld devices, such as players and wallets, read or display the contents of miniature storage media such as memory cards Next
  • 69.
    p. 7. 29Fig. 7-39 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What is a smart card?  Stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card  Similar in size to a credit card  Read smart card with a specialized card reader  Information on the smart card can be read and updated Next
  • 70.
    Store data suchas photographs, music, books, and video clips p. 7. 29 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What are the types of smart cards?  Intelligent smart card contains a processor and has input, process, output, and storage capabilities  Memory card has only storage capabilities Next Store a prepaid dollar amount that is updated when the card is used Store patient records, vaccination data, and other healthcare information Store tracking information such as customer purchases or employee attendance
  • 71.
    p. 7. 29 Miniature Mobile Storage Media What is electronic money?  A means of paying for goods and services over the Internet  Also called digital cash Next A bank issues unique digital cash numbers that represent an amount of money When you purchase digital cash, the amount of money is withdrawn from your bank account To use the card you swipe it through a card reader
  • 72.
    p. 7. 30Fig. 7-40 Microfilm and Microfiche What are microfilm and microfiche?  Store microscopic images of documents on roll or sheet film  Images recorded onto film using a computer output microfilm (COM) recorder  Images can only be read with a microfilm or microfiche reader Next Microfiche Uses a small sheet of film, usually about four inches by six inches Microfilm Uses a 100- to 215- foot roll of film
  • 73.
    p. 7.30 Fig.7-41 Microfilm and Microfiche How do life expectancies of various media compare?  Microfilm and microfiche are inexpensive and have the longest life of any storage medium Next
  • 74.
    Home Mobile 3.5-inchHD floppy disk drive Large Business 75 GB hard disk DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive Microfilm or microfiche Smart card reader RAID Tape drive Enterprise storage system 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive 75 GB hard disk Internet hard drive 2 GB Jaz® drive 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive 1 GB PC Card hard disk 10 GB hard disk Internet hard drive DVD-ROM drive or 40X CD-ROM drive 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive 40 GB hard disk Internet hard drive DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive 2 GB Jaz® drive Mobile p. 7. 31 Fig. 7-42 Summary What are suggested storage devices for computer users? Next 3.5-inch HD floppy disk drive 250 MB Zip® drive 30 GB hard disk Internet hard drive DVD-ROM drive CD-RW drive Small Office/Home Office Power
  • 75.
    Summary of Storage  Memory versus storage  Floppy disks  High-capacity disks  Hard disks  Compact discs  CD-ROMs  CD-R and CD-RW  DVD-ROMs  Tapes  Enterprise storage systems  PC Cards  Miniature mobile storage media  Microfilm and microfiche Next
  • 76.