This document discusses the importance of preventive healthcare and screening for early detection of diseases. It provides guidance on screening recommendations and intervals for various common conditions like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis and others. The risks and benefits of different screening tests are presented to facilitate informed decision making. Emphasis is placed on integrating preventive services and chronic disease management into primary care to improve outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.
Συχνότερα χρόνια νοσήματα, καταστάσεις υγείας, συχνότερα συμπτώματα στην κοιν...Evangelos Fragkoulis
Σεμινάριο εισαγωγής στην ΠΦΥ- Εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα ειδικευόμενων Γενικών Οικογενειακών Ιατρών σε συνεργασία με το Τμήμα Πολιτικών Δημόσιας Υγείας του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής
Η διαχείριση των μειζόνων συμπεριφορικών παραγόντων κινδύνου στην ΠΦΥEvangelos Fragkoulis
Παρουσίαση μου στα πλαίσια του Consensus Meeting: "Η διαχείριση και ο έλεγχος των Μείζονων Συμπεριφορικών Παραγόντων Κινδύνου για την Υγεία: η συμβολή νέων "εργαλείων" για την αντιμετώπιση τους", Ελληνική Επιστημονική Εταιρεία Οικονομίας και Πολιτικής της Υγείας, Ξυλόκαστρο 6-8 Ιουλίου 2018
The issue of medical aliteracy has drawn both scholars and medical practitioners’ attention in the recent years. The negative cost of medical aliteracy has continued to constitute major threats to health related issue which has resulted in high mortality rate, high medical expenditure and medical underperformance among others. On this premise the study examined the influence of medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. The study employed descriptive research design and Chi-Square to test the research hypotheses. A total number of 50 questionnaires were designed to collect information from the sampled population through a random sampling. From the result of the analysis it was revealed that factors such as ineffective supervision of medical personnel, low patient literacy level, lack of personnel-patients engagement could lead to medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. Senior medical personnel have the knowledge of medical aliteracy and its implications on for medical personnel and the public. Medical aliteracy has an implication on health sector performance which includes increase in mortality rate, increase health expenditure, widening of the gap between patients – medical personnel communication among others. Perception of medical aliteracy has significant influence on medical personnel performance. The study concluded that, medical aliteracy is prevalent among medical personnel and patients and is associated with many poor medical outcomes in the health sector. It was however recommended that medical literacy training, schemes and programmes should be designed according to the needs of the different medical personnel and should therefore be included in medical professional training programs.
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996).
For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000).
Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013).
The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019).
The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
Validity and bias in epidemiological studyAbhijit Das
Validity and bias are essential aspects of any research—a brief description of internal and external validity and different types of bias related to the epidemiological study.
Συχνότερα χρόνια νοσήματα, καταστάσεις υγείας, συχνότερα συμπτώματα στην κοιν...Evangelos Fragkoulis
Σεμινάριο εισαγωγής στην ΠΦΥ- Εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα ειδικευόμενων Γενικών Οικογενειακών Ιατρών σε συνεργασία με το Τμήμα Πολιτικών Δημόσιας Υγείας του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής
Η διαχείριση των μειζόνων συμπεριφορικών παραγόντων κινδύνου στην ΠΦΥEvangelos Fragkoulis
Παρουσίαση μου στα πλαίσια του Consensus Meeting: "Η διαχείριση και ο έλεγχος των Μείζονων Συμπεριφορικών Παραγόντων Κινδύνου για την Υγεία: η συμβολή νέων "εργαλείων" για την αντιμετώπιση τους", Ελληνική Επιστημονική Εταιρεία Οικονομίας και Πολιτικής της Υγείας, Ξυλόκαστρο 6-8 Ιουλίου 2018
The issue of medical aliteracy has drawn both scholars and medical practitioners’ attention in the recent years. The negative cost of medical aliteracy has continued to constitute major threats to health related issue which has resulted in high mortality rate, high medical expenditure and medical underperformance among others. On this premise the study examined the influence of medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. The study employed descriptive research design and Chi-Square to test the research hypotheses. A total number of 50 questionnaires were designed to collect information from the sampled population through a random sampling. From the result of the analysis it was revealed that factors such as ineffective supervision of medical personnel, low patient literacy level, lack of personnel-patients engagement could lead to medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel. Senior medical personnel have the knowledge of medical aliteracy and its implications on for medical personnel and the public. Medical aliteracy has an implication on health sector performance which includes increase in mortality rate, increase health expenditure, widening of the gap between patients – medical personnel communication among others. Perception of medical aliteracy has significant influence on medical personnel performance. The study concluded that, medical aliteracy is prevalent among medical personnel and patients and is associated with many poor medical outcomes in the health sector. It was however recommended that medical literacy training, schemes and programmes should be designed according to the needs of the different medical personnel and should therefore be included in medical professional training programs.
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996).
For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000).
Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013).
The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019).
The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
Validity and bias in epidemiological studyAbhijit Das
Validity and bias are essential aspects of any research—a brief description of internal and external validity and different types of bias related to the epidemiological study.
This presentation was presented online by Dr.Vinothini as a part of PG Seminar Presentation and the full video presentation can be found in official YouTube channel of IAPSM eConnect
Link for the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqR1J9jjCgs
Delegate pack from the Patient Safety Collaborative launch event held in London on 14 October 2014
Includes agenda, speaker biographies and AHSN plans
More information at http://www.nhsiq.nhs.uk/improvement-programmes/patient-safety/patient-safety-collaboratives.aspx
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015Evangelos Fragkoulis
2nd Vasco Da Gama Movement Forum, Dublin 2015
The Effect of the Economic Crisis on the Health Systems of the peripheral countries: Greece, Ireland, Spain, Portugal and Italy.
Evidence demonstrates that communication is one of the leading contributors to adverse events. Transitions of care epitomize this challenge.
WATCH ON DEMAND: https://goo.gl/M1ovsS
Think Human factors doesn't have an impact on clinical outcomes like infection rates? Guess again! According to the World Health Organization (2017), infections acquired in healthcare settings represent the most frequent adverse event occurring in the delivery of healthcare and no institution or country has solved the problem yet.
Full Details: https://goo.gl/Z7Mhuy
Niek Klazinga | Performance reporting in OECD countriesSax Institute
Dr Niek Klazinga (Head of the Health Care Quality Indicators Project in the OECD Health Division) spoke with the HARC network in December 2014 about current developments in performance measurement and reporting.
HARC stands for the Hospital Alliance for Research Collaboration. HARC is a collaborative network of researchers, health managers, clinicians and policy makers based in NSW, Australia managed by the Sax Institute.
HARC Forums bring members of the HARC network together to discuss the latest research and analysis about important issues facing our hospitals.
For more information visit saxinstitute.org.au.
Vast oil wealth in the Gulf has led to lifestyle changes which, in turn, have given rise to increased incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Healthy traditional diets have been almost entirely replaced by a high-sugar, low-nutrient diet. Tobacco smoking has been taken up by men, women and children. An active lifestyle, which came naturally to the self-sufficient nomadic forebears of Gulf Arabs, has largely been replaced by desk-bound jobs. This has led to an evolution in the disease profile of the region from a preponderance of infectious diseases to chronic diseases spanning obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer.
The growing prevalence of these lifestyle-related diseases also has wider economicimplications. It is therefore essential that these health issues are diagnosed and tackled before they progress and become chronic if the region is to develop a well-educated, skilled and diversified workforce and thereby achieve its economic potential. To do this, healthcare systems in the region need to adapt to changes in the disease profile. This paper examines the current state of healthcare delivery in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC), with a focus on the diagnostic process, and identifies strategies for the way forward.
Unsafe medication is a leading cause of harm, most of it preventable, in health care systems across the world. Medication incidents occur when weak medication systems and/or human factors such as fatigue, poor environmental conditions or staff shortages affect prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, administration and monitoring practices, which can then result in severe harm, disability and even death.
Full Details: https://goo.gl/gCQ64V
The revised OECD Health Systems Performance Framework: methodological issues ...Sax Institute
The OECD is a leading organization in the international measurement of health system performance. The OECD Expert Group on Health Care Quality Indicators (HCQI) has recently revised its performance framework, identifying core indicators and highlighting new directions. Although improving, the capacity of countries to deliver more accurate standardized indicators still needs to be fostered. A particular aspect that deserves attention is the design, planning and implementation of public performance reporting. Such activity, strictly interrelated to the capacity of the information infrastructure, also depends from cultural, organizational and political conditions that can be differently present at the international level. The applicability of standardized principles and the evidence of improved outcomes due to public reporting systems is still questioned to a large extent. A first international conference on the topic of hospital performance reporting has been organized in Rome, Italy in 2014, followed by a second event held in Seoul, South Korea, in 2015. In his talk, Fabrizio Carinci will present recent developments of OECD projects, including:
• state of the art in the definition of OECD performance indicators
• challenges emerging from OECD R&D studies
• transferability and use of definitions at sub-national and provider level
• applicability for hospital performance benchmarking and geographical variation
• limitations imposed by the legislation on privacy and data protection
• an overarching vision of “essential levels of health information”
Through practical examples drawn from his direct experience as Member of the Bureau of the HCQI and other relevant Boards, Prof. Fabrizio Carinci will discuss the state of the art, the role played by national governments (including Australia), and potential avenues for mutual collaboration.
Healthcare -- putting prevention into practiceZafar Hasan
This slidedeck is submitted by Zafar Hasan because one of the trends in medicine for the last 20 years isa focus on prevention and this deck is an outstanding practice primer.
the paradigm is changing; the dominant focus for the next decade at least will be value, or to be precise triple value
The Aim is triple value & greater equity
• Allocative value, determined by how the assets are distributed to different sub groups in the population
• Technical value, determined by how well resources are used for all the people in need in the population
• Personalised value, determined by how well the decisions relate to the values of each individual
If you want to see more please look at http://bettervaluehealthcare.weebly.com
Global Medical Cures™ | COLORECTAL CANCER TESTS SAVE LIVES
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
This presentation was presented online by Dr.Vinothini as a part of PG Seminar Presentation and the full video presentation can be found in official YouTube channel of IAPSM eConnect
Link for the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqR1J9jjCgs
Delegate pack from the Patient Safety Collaborative launch event held in London on 14 October 2014
Includes agenda, speaker biographies and AHSN plans
More information at http://www.nhsiq.nhs.uk/improvement-programmes/patient-safety/patient-safety-collaboratives.aspx
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015Evangelos Fragkoulis
2nd Vasco Da Gama Movement Forum, Dublin 2015
The Effect of the Economic Crisis on the Health Systems of the peripheral countries: Greece, Ireland, Spain, Portugal and Italy.
Evidence demonstrates that communication is one of the leading contributors to adverse events. Transitions of care epitomize this challenge.
WATCH ON DEMAND: https://goo.gl/M1ovsS
Think Human factors doesn't have an impact on clinical outcomes like infection rates? Guess again! According to the World Health Organization (2017), infections acquired in healthcare settings represent the most frequent adverse event occurring in the delivery of healthcare and no institution or country has solved the problem yet.
Full Details: https://goo.gl/Z7Mhuy
Niek Klazinga | Performance reporting in OECD countriesSax Institute
Dr Niek Klazinga (Head of the Health Care Quality Indicators Project in the OECD Health Division) spoke with the HARC network in December 2014 about current developments in performance measurement and reporting.
HARC stands for the Hospital Alliance for Research Collaboration. HARC is a collaborative network of researchers, health managers, clinicians and policy makers based in NSW, Australia managed by the Sax Institute.
HARC Forums bring members of the HARC network together to discuss the latest research and analysis about important issues facing our hospitals.
For more information visit saxinstitute.org.au.
Vast oil wealth in the Gulf has led to lifestyle changes which, in turn, have given rise to increased incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Healthy traditional diets have been almost entirely replaced by a high-sugar, low-nutrient diet. Tobacco smoking has been taken up by men, women and children. An active lifestyle, which came naturally to the self-sufficient nomadic forebears of Gulf Arabs, has largely been replaced by desk-bound jobs. This has led to an evolution in the disease profile of the region from a preponderance of infectious diseases to chronic diseases spanning obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer.
The growing prevalence of these lifestyle-related diseases also has wider economicimplications. It is therefore essential that these health issues are diagnosed and tackled before they progress and become chronic if the region is to develop a well-educated, skilled and diversified workforce and thereby achieve its economic potential. To do this, healthcare systems in the region need to adapt to changes in the disease profile. This paper examines the current state of healthcare delivery in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC), with a focus on the diagnostic process, and identifies strategies for the way forward.
Unsafe medication is a leading cause of harm, most of it preventable, in health care systems across the world. Medication incidents occur when weak medication systems and/or human factors such as fatigue, poor environmental conditions or staff shortages affect prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, administration and monitoring practices, which can then result in severe harm, disability and even death.
Full Details: https://goo.gl/gCQ64V
The revised OECD Health Systems Performance Framework: methodological issues ...Sax Institute
The OECD is a leading organization in the international measurement of health system performance. The OECD Expert Group on Health Care Quality Indicators (HCQI) has recently revised its performance framework, identifying core indicators and highlighting new directions. Although improving, the capacity of countries to deliver more accurate standardized indicators still needs to be fostered. A particular aspect that deserves attention is the design, planning and implementation of public performance reporting. Such activity, strictly interrelated to the capacity of the information infrastructure, also depends from cultural, organizational and political conditions that can be differently present at the international level. The applicability of standardized principles and the evidence of improved outcomes due to public reporting systems is still questioned to a large extent. A first international conference on the topic of hospital performance reporting has been organized in Rome, Italy in 2014, followed by a second event held in Seoul, South Korea, in 2015. In his talk, Fabrizio Carinci will present recent developments of OECD projects, including:
• state of the art in the definition of OECD performance indicators
• challenges emerging from OECD R&D studies
• transferability and use of definitions at sub-national and provider level
• applicability for hospital performance benchmarking and geographical variation
• limitations imposed by the legislation on privacy and data protection
• an overarching vision of “essential levels of health information”
Through practical examples drawn from his direct experience as Member of the Bureau of the HCQI and other relevant Boards, Prof. Fabrizio Carinci will discuss the state of the art, the role played by national governments (including Australia), and potential avenues for mutual collaboration.
Healthcare -- putting prevention into practiceZafar Hasan
This slidedeck is submitted by Zafar Hasan because one of the trends in medicine for the last 20 years isa focus on prevention and this deck is an outstanding practice primer.
the paradigm is changing; the dominant focus for the next decade at least will be value, or to be precise triple value
The Aim is triple value & greater equity
• Allocative value, determined by how the assets are distributed to different sub groups in the population
• Technical value, determined by how well resources are used for all the people in need in the population
• Personalised value, determined by how well the decisions relate to the values of each individual
If you want to see more please look at http://bettervaluehealthcare.weebly.com
Global Medical Cures™ | COLORECTAL CANCER TESTS SAVE LIVES
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Screening and Preventive Care in OBGN .pdfElhadi Miskeen
SLOs:
By the successful completion of this presentation, you are expected to:
1. Counsel patients on important preventive medicine and health maintenance topics, such as immunization, diet and exercise.
2.Describe appropriate screening protocols for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis
3.Describe the importance of history and physical examination in Screening and Preventive Care.
An Interactive Discussion On Key Issues Affecting Young Adult Colorectal Cancer Patients and Their Caregivers
Powered By Our Survivor Community and Their Families
Breast Cancer, Cervical cancer, and Oral Cancer Screening according to Nation...Yogesh Arora
A brief description on screening of breast, cervical, and oral cancer and their various components including who to screen, when to screen, where to screen, who will screen, and what will be the consequences if comes screen positive
I need a response for the 2 peers belowMany disorders, eskarinorchard1
I need a response for the 2 peers below:
Many disorders, especially malignancies, are asymptomatic in their early stages. Consequently, it is imperative that health care providers provide routine screenings so that diseases can be detected early on and prevention and treatment can be implemented if necessary. Screening is in no way a cure for diseases, but it provides a means to detect diseases before symptoms start. Screenings include Pap smear to detect cervical cancer, mammograms to detect breast cancer, colonoscopy to detect colorectal cancer, and low dose CT scan to detect lung cancer (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2020).
Enacted in 1984, the U. S. Preventive Task Force (USPTF) is an independent group of experts from several specialties, such as pediatrics, primary care, behavioral health, and nursing, that strive to provide knowledge and advice on various interventions and preventive services for diseases based on evidence-based research (D’Andrea, Ahnen, Sussman, & Najafzadeh, 2019). The USPTF helps shape medicine by assisting health care professionals and patients to prevent and treat diseases. Patients and clinicians collectively decide what treatment is best for the patient based on the recommendation of “best practice” disseminated by the USPTF (D’ Andrea et al., 2019). The ultimate goal of USPFT is to promote and improve the health of Americans by enacting clinical preventive measures based on scientific research.
Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendation
The USPFT has several recommendations in place regarding screening for colorectal cancer, which is a collective group of cancers that affects the large intestine (the colon) and/or the rectum. This type of cancer usually starts in the colon, preliminary as polyps in many cases, and then metastasize as cancerous cells to proximal areas of the gastrointestinal system or reproductive organs (American Cancer Society, 2020). According to the American Cancer Society, the recommendation for individuals of average risk of colorectal cancer is screening starting at age 45, with either a stool-based test that detects cancer cells in the stool or an imaging exam that visualizes the structures of the colon and rectum.
The American Cancer Society (2020) recommends that individuals who are in “good health and a life expectancy of at least 10 years” should continue to be screened for colorectal cancer until they are 75 years of age. For individuals 76 to 85 years of age, the choice to continue to be screened should be based on the preference of the patient, their life expectancy, overall health status, and outcome of prior screenings (American Cancer Society, 2020). Screening is not recommended for individuals over the age of 85 due to their decreased life expectancy with or without the disease (American Cancer Society, 2020).
The American Cancer Society (2020) reports that testing for colorectal is separated by stool-based testing or visualization of images. The ...
Από την εισήγησή μου 25ο Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Management Υπηρεσιών Υγείας που διοργάνωσε η Ελληνική Εταιρεία Management Υπηρεσιών Υγείας (ΕΕΜΥΥ), 7-9 Δεκεμβρίου 2023
Από τη διαδικτυακή συνάντηση (webinar) που διοργάνωσε το International Primary Care Respiratory Group με τίτλο:
"COVID-19 αντιμετώπιση στην Π.Φ.Υ."
Τετάρτη 13 Μαΐου 2020 19:00 – 20:30
Μύθοι και αλήθειες για τη γρίπη και τον αντιγριπικό εμβολιασμόEvangelos Fragkoulis
Eνημερωτική εκδήλωση με θέμα «ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ & ΑΝΤΙΒΙΟΤΙΚΑ: Ενημερώνομαι-Προλαμβάνω», Δευτέρα 21 Οκτωβρίου 2019. Πανελλήνιος Φαρμακευτικός Σύλλογος (ΠΦΣ) και Μορφωτικό Ίδρυμα της Ενώσεως Συντακτών Ημερήσιων Εφημερίδων Αθηνών (ΕΣΗΕΑ)
Ο ρόλος του Γενικού/Οικογενειακού Ιατρού στο διαμορφούμενο περιβάλλον ανάπτυξ...Evangelos Fragkoulis
Παρουσίαση στα πλαίσια της στρογγυλής τράπεζας του 45ου Πανελλήνιου Ιατρικού Συνεδρίου "ΟΙ ΠΡΟΚΛΗΣΕΙΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗ ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΩΝ ΠΡΩΤΟΒΑΘΜΙΑΣ ΦΡΟΝΤΙΔΑΣ ΥΓΕΙΑΣ"
Ρητορική και πολιτική στην Πρωτοβάθμια Φροντίδα. Η αναγκαιότητα μιας τεκμηριω...Evangelos Fragkoulis
Παρούσιαση μου στα πλαίσια του 13ου Health Policy Forum, με θέμα:
"Πρωτοβάθμια Φροντίδα Υγείας: Προϋποθέσεις Ανασυγκρότησης και Ανάπτυξης"
Αρχαία Ολυμπία, 15-17 Απριλίου 2016
http://www.healthpolicy.gr/13%CE%B7-%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7-%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B1-%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B1-2016/
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
2. Delivering
Preventive Care
Earlier
in Lower Cost Settings
is the key for the success of
Value Based Care.
Providers must focus on improving
individual and population health,
reducing the number of avoidable
emergency room visits, hospitalizations
and readmissions and significantly
improving the patients outcomes at an
earlier point across their patient
population.
3. Prevention is better than cure
• Prevention is the key to avoid ill
health and achieve a high level of
mental and physical well-being
effectively and efficiently
• A shift in focus from sickness and
cure to prevention and the social
determinants of health is needed
State of Health in the EU. ec.europa.eu/health/state
4. Preventive Care
• people without specific complaints
• undergo interventions to identify and modify risk factors to avoid the
onset of disease or
• to find disease early in its course so that early treatment prevents
illness.
5.
6. Risks associated with the highest number of deaths worldwide
for both sexes combined, all ages, in 2019
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Number of deaths (millions)
Alcohol use Child and maternal malnutrition Kidney dysfunction High LDL
High body-mass index High fasting plasma glucose Air pollution Dietary risks
Tobacco High systolic blood pressure
http://www.healthdata.org/gbd/2019
7. Παράγοντες κινδύνου για χρόνια νοσήματα
Preventing Chronic diseases. A vital investment. WHO 2005
8.
9. Chronic Diseases can be prevented and controlled
Preventing Chronic diseases. A vital investment. WHO 2005
13. Χρόνια Νοσήματα & Φτώχεια
• Φαύλος κύκλος
• Οι φτωχοί είναι περισσότερο ευάλωτοι
• Αυξημένο κίνδυνο έκθεσης σε παράγοντες
κινδύνου
• Ελαττωμένη πρόσβαση σε υπηρεσίες υγείας
Preventing Chronic diseases. A vital investment. WHO 2005
14. “If a patient asks a medical practitioner for help, the doctor does the
best he can. He is not responsible for defects in medical
knowledge.
If, however, the practitioner initiates screening procedures, he
is in a very different situation.
He should have conclusive evidence that screening can alter
the natural history of disease in a significant proportion of
those screened.”
Archie Cochrane and Walter Holland, 1971
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. Annual Wellness Visit (AWV)
• Visit to develop or update a Personalized
Prevention Plan (PPP) and
perform a Health Risk Assessment (HRA)
• ✔ Covered once every 12 months
• ✔ Patient pays nothing
28. Review patient’s potential depression risk factors,
including current or past experiences with depression
or other mood disorders
29.
30.
31. Geriatric Depression Scale - Greek version
K.N. Fountoulakis, M Tsolaki, A. Iacovides, J. Yesavage, R O'Hara, A Kazis and Ch Ierodiakonou.:
The Validation of the Short Form of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in Greece
published in "Aging:Clinical and Experimental Research, 1999;11:367-372"
37. • CMS now recognizes the important work done by primary care physicians
that is different from the traditional “sick visit” model.
• Emphasized the health care provider's (HCP) role in helping patients
understand the importance of prevention
• By focusing the AWV on preventive screening, safety issues (eg, falls),
and social needs (eg, food insecurity, transportation), patients' qualities
of life can be enhanced.
• Setting up a system within your practice that involves contributions from
all members of the care team will maximize both patient benefit and
practice reimbursement for this important work.
38. Informed Decision Vs Shared Decision
Πληροφορηµένη λήψη απόφασης: (Informed decision making)
◦ «συνολική διαδικασία µε την οποία ένα άτοµο συλλέγει σχετικές πληροφορίες για την υγεία
του από τον προσωπικό του επαγγελματία υγείας, αλλά και από άλλες πηγές µε ή χωρίς
ανεξάρτητη αποσαφήνιση της αξίας της πληροφορίας»
Aµοιβαία λήψη απόφασης: (Shared decision making)
◦ «τη διαδικασία στην οποία οι ασθενείς εµπλέκονται ως ενεργοί συμμέτοχοι µαζί µε τον κλινικό
ιατρό, που τους εξηγεί τις αποδεκτές ιατρικές απόψεις και επιλέγουν το προτιμώμενο είδος
κλινικής φροντίδας»
Source: Sheridan S.L., Harris R.P., Woolf S.H. (2004). Shared decision making about screening and chemoprevention. A suggested approach from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Am J Prev Med. 26:56-66.
40. The benefits of breast cancer
screening on important
outcomes,
including
preventing death from breast
cancer,
reducing rates of advanced breast
cancer,
less aggressive surgery
(lumpectomy vs mastectomy),
less aggressive adjuvant therapy
and
improving quality of life.
The potential harms of breast
cancer screening, such as
overdiagnosis and
resulting overtreatment,
false-positive and false-negative test
results, and
adverse effects related to
breast cancer treatment
41. Benefit vs Harm
In a meta-analysis of 11 randomized trials, the relative risk of breast cancer mortality for
women invited to screening compared with controls was 0·80 (95% CI 0·73—0·89), which is
a relative risk reduction of 20%.
for every 10 000 UK women aged 50 years invited to screening for the next 20 years, 43
deaths from breast cancer would be prevented and 129 cases of breast cancer, invasive and
non-invasive, would be overdiagnosed
ΟΝΕ breast cancer death prevented for about every THREE overdiagnosed cases
identified and treated.’
The Lancet 2012, 380; 9855:1778 - 1786
42. The Breast Cancer Screening Debate
• When to start screening
mammography?
• How often to have a mammogram?
• At what age woman should stop
getting mammograms?
43.
44.
45.
46. Trends in Colorectal Cancer
Incidence Rates
• by Age and Year of Birth
• by Age and Year of Diagnosis
United States, 1975 to 2014
Data source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results
(SEER) program, SEER 9 registries, delayed adjusted rates,
1975-2014, National Cancer Institute.
47. Options for CRC screening
Stool-based tests
• Fecal immunochemical test every y
• High-sensitivity, guaiac-based fecal occult blood test every y
• Multitarget stool DNA test every 3 y
Structural examinations
• Colonoscopy every 10 y
• CT colonography every 5 y
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 y
48. • Men should have a chance to make an informed decision with their health
care provider about whether to be screened for prostate cancer.
• The decision should be made after getting information about
the uncertainties, risks, and potential benefits of prostate cancer
screening.
• Men should not be screened unless they have received this information.
49.
50. Prostate Cancer Screening- When to start?
• Age 50 for men who are at average risk of prostate cancer and
are expected to live at least 10 more years.
• Age 45 for men at high risk of developing prostate cancer
(African Americans, first-degree relative (father or brother)
with prostate cancer at an early age (<65y).
• Age 40 for men at even higher risk (≥ 1 first-degree relative
who had prostate cancer at an early age).
Men who want to be screened should get PSA +/- DRE
51. Factors that might raise PSA levels
• An enlarged prostate: Conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement
of the prostate that affects many men as they grow older, can raise PSA levels.
• Older age: PSA levels normally go up slowly as you get older, even if you have no prostate abnormality.
• Prostatitis: This is an infection or inflammation of the prostate gland, which can raise PSA levels.
• Ejaculation: This can make the PSA go up for a short time.This is why some doctors suggest that men abstain
from ejaculation for a day or two before testing.
• Riding a bicycle: Some studies have suggested that cycling may raise PSA levels for a short time (possibly
because the seat puts pressure on the prostate), although not all studies have found this.
• Certain urologic procedures: Some procedures done in a doctor’s office that affect the prostate, such as a
prostate biopsy or cystoscopy, can raise PSA levels for a short time. Some studies have suggested that a digital
rectal exam (DRE) might raise PSA levels slightly, although other studies have not found this. Still, if both a PSA
test and a DRE are being done during a doctor visit, some doctors advise having the blood drawn for the PSA
before having the DRE, just in case.
• Certain medicines: Taking male hormones like testosterone (or other medicines that raise testosterone levels)
may cause a rise in PSA.
• 5-alpha reductase inhibitors: Certain drugs used to treat BPH or urinary symptoms, such as finasteride or
dutasteride, can lower PSA levels.
52. Frequency of screening
the time between future screenings depends on the results of the
PSA blood test:
• PSA < 2.5 ng/mL - may only need to be retested every 2 years.
53.
54.
55. The most important thing to remember is to get
screened regularly, no matter which test you
get!
Those
• >65y
• had regular screening in the past 10 years with normal results
• no history of CIN2 or more serious diagnosis within the past 25 years
SHOULD STOP cervical cancer screening.
• People who have had a total hysterectomy (removal of the uterus and cervix) should
stop screening (such as Pap tests and HPV tests), unless the hysterectomy was done
as a treatment for cervical cancer or serious pre-cancer.
• People who have had a hysterectomy without removal of the cervix (called a supra-
cervical hysterectomy) should continue cervical cancer screening according to the
guidelines above.
• People who have been vaccinated against HPV should still follow these guidelines
for their age groups.
56.
57. The ACS recommends annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT in adults aged 55
to 74 years in relatively good health who:
58. Πότε πρέπει να υποβάλλονται οι ασθενείς σε
Μέτρηση Οστικής Πυκνότητας;
59. Clinician’s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2015
65. Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation chart
for
European populations
at
low cardiovascular disease risk
Calibrated country-specific versions are available for many
European countries and can be found at
www.heartscore.org
66. Intervention strategies
as a function of total
cardiovascular risk and
untreated low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol levels
the higher the risk,
the more intense
the action should be!
68. Screening and diagnosis of hypertension
• All adults should have their BP recorded in their medical record and be aware of their BP
• further screening should be undertaken at regular intervals with the frequency dependent on
the BP level
69. | 69
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2021. Diabetes Care 2021;44(Suppl. 1):S15-S33
70. | 70
CLASSIFICATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES
Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes:
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2021. Diabetes Care 2021;44(Suppl. 1):S15-S33
71. | 71
CLASSIFICATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES
Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes:
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2021. Diabetes Care 2021;44(Suppl. 1):S15-S33
72. | 72
CLASSIFICATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES
diabetes.org/socrisktest
Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes:
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes - 2021. Diabetes
Care 2021;44(Suppl. 1):S15-S33
75. Greater care complexity
• Studies estimate that it would take 7.4 hours to deliver all recommended preventive
services and 10.6 hours per working day to deliver all evidence-based care for chronic
conditions to a primary care panel.
• “These excessive demands contribute to long waiting times and inadequate quality of
care for patients.”
• Concern about one’s ability to manage complex, chronically ill patients may contribute to
driving career choice away from primary care.
Kimberly et al, Am J Public Health. 2003 3
Østbye et al, Ann Fam Med. 2005
Bodenheimer T. N Engl J Med. 2006
80. Cancer Doesn't Stop for COVID-19 and Neither Should
You
JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(8):e2017267
81. Cancer Doesn't Stop for COVID-19 and Neither Should
You
• Concerns that the pandemic would delay the diagnosis and
treatment of some cancers with potentially serious
consequences.
• Delays in screening could mean that the “missed” cancers
might be larger and more advanced when they were
ultimately detected.
• The impact of the pandemic on overall cancer deaths will not
be clear for many years
82.
83. IT as a facilitator of enhanced integration between Primary Care and Public Health
Calman et al., 2012
84. Ψηφιακή ώθηση στο Εθνικό Πρόγραμμα Πρόληψης «Σπύρος Δοξιάδης»
• Δοκιμασμένα ψηφιακά εργαλεία – που αναδείχτηκαν
στο υπό εξέλιξη εμβολιαστικό πρόγραμμα «Ελευθερία»
• Οι γονείς θα λαμβάνουν προσωποποιημένα sms –
αντίστοιχα με αυτά που λαμβάνουν σήμερα μέσω της
πλατφόρμας emvolio.gov.gr – που θα τους υπενθυμίζουν
πότε πρέπει να κλείσουν το επόμενο ραντεβού με τον
παιδίατρο, ώστε να υποβληθούν τα παιδιά τους στον
τακτικό εμβολιασμό που προβλέπεται από το Εθνικό
Πρόγραμμα Εμβολιασμών
• Αντίστοιχο σύστημα υπενθύμισης και για τον κρίσιμο
αντιγριπικό εμβολιασμό που ξεκινά κάθε φθινόπωρο,
ενώ οι πολίτες θα λαμβάνουν επίσης υπενθύμιση για
κρίσιμες προληπτικές εξετάσεις, όπως αυτές που
αφορούν σε καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα ή τα τεστ ΠΑΠ
κ.ο.κ.
85. Pay for Performance (P4P)
• financial incentives for reaching targets on predefined
performance measures
• providers are responsive to financial incentives
• commonest payment methods not designed to stimulate good
performance and separately creates incentives for undesired
behavior
• The main goal of P4P is to improve patient outcomes while
mitigating unintended consequences
• Contributing to better prevention and disease management/
including efficiency measures, could also mitigate cost growth
Η πρόληψη και έγκαιρη διάγνωση δυνατόν να γλιτώσει περισσότερο πολύπλοκες και ακριβές θεραπείες στο μέλλον, να φέρει ταχύτερη ανάρρωση, λιγότερες επιπλοκές
Πτωχή απόδοση στην πρόληψη, όπως στον προσυμπτωματικό έλεγχο για καρκίνο
Υπάρχουν δυο ειδη κέντρων υγείας που τρέχουν παράλληλα, τα uscp τα παραδοσιακά με μισθωτούς γιατρούς και τα usf, τα σύγχρονα με χρήση αποζημίωσης βάση απόδοσης, τα αποτελέσματα τους στους δείκτες απόδοσης διαφέρουν παρασάγγας, όπως στο ποσοστό γυναικών που έχουν υποβληθεί σε τεστ παπ 31% με 62%