The document defines key terms and concepts related to ecosystems. It describes the components of an ecosystem as producers, consumers, and decomposers. It explains trophic relationships between organisms, including producers that carry out photosynthesis, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers that break down organic matter. Finally, it outlines ecosystem functions such as energy flow, nutrient cycling, and the role of biodiversity.

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3. ( Ecosystem)

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14. (Ecosystem components)
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15. (Producer Autotroph)
(Phytoplankton)

17. (Consumer)
(Herbivore)
(Carnivore)
(Omnivore)

18. (Decomposers or
Saprotrops)
(Fungi)
(Bacteria)

19. (Inorganic
substance)
(Organic substance)

21. (Mutualism)
(Protocooperation)

22. (Predation)
(Predator)
(Prey)
(Parasitism)
(Parasite)
(Host)
(Competition)

25. (Food
relationship)
(Food chain)
(Predator
chain)

26. (Saprophytic chain or Detritus
chain)

27. (Parasitic chain)
→ →

28. Food Web
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30. (Ecosystem function)

31. Energy
Flow
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32. Ten
Percent
Law

33. (Nutrient cycle
in ecosystem)

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( sulphates ) ( fungi )
( SO2 )
( SO3 )

42. (Biodiversity)

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