The document provides an overview of the education system in Sri Lanka. It discusses the national goals of aiming for nation building and developing skills for a modern economy. It describes the structure of primary, secondary, vocational, and tertiary education. Primary education lasts 5 years, after which students can take the Grade 5 exam. Secondary education has two phases, junior secondary (grades 6-9) and senior secondary (grades 10-13). The curriculum and administration of schools is also outlined. Challenges facing the system include improving English skills and addressing stress from an exam-focused approach. A comparison is made between Sri Lanka and Pakistan's education systems and economic indicators.

1. COMPARATIVE
EDUCATION
Presented to :
Sir Shameem

2. Education system in Srilanka
■ Presented By :Group 8
■ Farhana Mushtaq: 02
■ Sidra Ahmad yar : 11
■ Rimsha ur Rahman : 36
■ Erum Hassan : 38

3. Outlines
■ Introduction
■ National goals and Aim of education
■ Structure of education system
■ Curriculum
■ Administration
■ Teacher training
■ Issues and challenges
■ Comparison with Pakistan
■ Conclusion

4. Country profile
■ Full Name :Democratic socialist Republic of sri
lanka
■ Population.:22.9 milloin
■ Capital :Colombo
■ Largest city :Colombo
■ Area :65,610sqkm
■ 17th smallest counrty in Asia.and ranked 123rd in
the world .
■ Educational Rank : 66
■ Major languages :Sinhala, Tamil ,English
■ Major religions :Buddhish ,Hinduism ,Islam
,christianity
■ Main exports :clothing and textiles ,tea
,ruber,cocunets

5. Introduction
• In 1948, after nearly 150 years o
British rule, Sri Lanka became p
country, and it was admitted to the
United Nations seven years later.
• Sri Lanka is known as 'The Pearl of the
Indian Ocean' due its outstanding natural
beauty. It has also been called 'the
Teardrop of India' because of its shape
and location.
• It also known as Nation of smiling
people .☺

6. National Goals of Srilanka education
system
■ Nation building and the establishment of a Sri Lankan identity
through the promotion of national cohesion, national integrity,
national unity.
■ To develop an excellent education system which enables
students to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes and values to
be future citizens who will perform their roles efficiently and
effectively in a modern, globalised, knowledge-driven
economy
■ Human resources development by educating for productive
work that enhance quality of life of individual & Nation .

7. Structure of education
Sri Lanka's education structure
is divided into five parts: primary,
(Middle school)junior secondary,
senior secondary, collegiate, and
tertiary.

9. Primary Education
■ Primary education lasts five years (Grade 1 to
Grade 5) and at the end of this period, the
students may elect to write a national exam
called the Scholarship exam..
■ At the end of the last year of primary education,
pupils can take the Grade 5 Scholarship
Examination. This is a competitive test
administered by the Department of
Examinations. The aim of the test is:
■ to select excellent pupils from poor families for
scholarships;
■ to select the best pupils for leading secondary
schools.

10. Secondary Education
■ Secondary education
Secondary education in Sri Lanka lasts 8 years and comprises 2 phases:
junior secondary, grade 6-9;
senior secondary, grade 10-13.
■ Junior secondary
During junior secondary, students aged 10-14 go through grades 6-9. In this
phase, depending on the curriculum f a school, they can take a maximum of
5 subjects with English as language of instruction.

11. ■ Senior secondary
Senior secondary is divided into 2 stages:
Key stage 1 (grades 10-11) is concluded with a national examination for
the General Certificate of Education (Ordinary Level).
■ Collegiate
Key stage 2 (grades 12-13) is concluded with a national examination for
the General Certificate of Education (Advanced Level

12. ■ Vocational Education
The state provides a number of vocational and
technical training centers, and programs for
apprenticeship training too. Diploma from Technical
Colleges leads to employment.
Tertiary Education
There are a variety of tertiary academic institutions
where programs may be followed that range from
one-year certificates through to doctorates. The most
venerable of these is the University of Colombo,
which is also the largest institution on the island .

13. School culture
■ Discipline is the main factor .
■ Behavior's are more important than everything .
■ Students are supposed to wear uniform with black shoes only .
■ In public people are supposed to respect and take care of anyone
wearning school uniform .
■ Saving the respect of school is very important .
■ Even if you have left school you are supposed to represent your school.

14. Administration
■ Primary school to Higher education are primarily funded
and overseen by governmental ministries .
■ Ministry of Higher Education &Highways :For universities
■ Ministry of Skills development and vocational training
:For vocational education and technical colleges .

15. .Primary school which is grade 1 to 5
integrated and student learn basic math
and language skill. Exam must be
passed to move on. Junior secondary
school .
Curriculum

16. ■ In grade 6-9 the curriculum consists of 12 subjects:
■ religion;
■ Sinhala/Tamil language (first language);
■ English;
■ mathematics;
■ science;
■ history;
■ geography;
■ life competencies and citizenship education;
■ aesthetic subjects: music, art, dancing, drama and theatre;
■ practical and technical skills;
■ health and physical education; and
■ Sinhala/Tamil as a second language.

17. ■ In key stage 1 (grades 10-11), students take 6 main subjects: Sinhala or
Tamil (first language), English (second language), science, mathematics,
religion, history. In addition, they take 3 or 4 elective subjects from 3
fields:
■ languages and humanities;
■ aesthetic subjects; and
■ technical subjects.

18. Teacher Training
■ Primary and secondary school teachers are trained in 2-year programs at
teacher training colleges. Following the program, students must complete
one year of student teaching, and are then awarded a Trained Teacher's
Certificate Primary or Trained Teachers Certificate Secondary.
Admission to either program requires three subject passes on the Sri
Lankan General Certificate of Education Advanced Level.

19. Schools in Sri Lanka
■ Government schools
■ Most of the schools in Sri Lanka are maintained by the government
as a part of the free education. Currently (as of 2021) there are
10,155 government schools (373 national schools and 9,782
provincial schools and 736 priviens with a student population of 4.2
million and 235,924 teachers, 104 private schools with 127,968
students.
■ Types of government schools;
■ National Schools
■ Provincial Schools
■ Piriven schools

20. Non-government schools
Private schools
■ There has been a considerable increase
in the number of private schools in Sri
Lanka, due to the emergence of the
upper-middle class during the colonial
era. These private schools follow the
local curriculum set up by the Ministry
of Education in the local language
mediums of Sinhala, Tamil or English.
■ International schools
■ International schools in Sri Lanka are not
restricted to the expatriate community,
anyone with the ability and willingness to
pay can join these schools. Starting in the
late 1980s these schools have no
regulation or control by the Ministry of
Education as it comes under the Board of
Investment due to this the standard of
education varies greatly between schools.

21. ■ Semi Government Schools
■ There are quite a few semi-government schools in Sri Lanka
that are run as a government-private collaboration, where
the government provides the textbooks, uniforms, and other
facilities such as the ability to sit for national exams and the
government-paid teachers.
■ The prominent semi-government schools are Zahira College,
Colombo, Wesley College, Colombo, St. Joseph's College,
Colombo and St. Peter's College, Colombo.

22. Issues and challenges of Education
system of Sri lanka
■ Issues of language
■ Most of the Sri Lankans are fluent in their
mother tongues (Sinhala or Tamil). But, as the
current flow of the world, the main
communicating language is English. That’s
where the problem comes. Mainly school
education is based on the mother tongues, so
the English knowledge is bit low among
people, specially in rural areas. The
concentration for the English education is also
not at a satisfactory level. Need to be changed
the mindset of the the people.

23. ■ Sri lanka have an exam based education
system .so the students are very concern
on exams and parents push them to
academies .They don’t have much time
to do sports to have fun with their
friends .Most of students have stress
and other mental problems because of
this system .Due to this system people
have theoritcal knowledge but they cant
perform well in their professions
because they don’t have much practice
on those things .

24. ■ . Under this pandemic situation, mainly the education
system is converting to a digital environment. So, the IT
facilities act an major role. Mainly the IT facilities in the
country is at a very low level specially in rural areas.
The Internet signal failures , Wi-fi systems don’t work
on some areas, data costs are pretty high are some IT
related problems that people facing.
■ Time duration
■ Another problem is the time duration that take to finish
basic education process. Normally when a student
graduate from a school, his/her age is 19+. And if he/she
are planning on government university education, it will
take at least another one year for the university entrance
process. If we think that he/she follows a 4 year degree
program, then the age will be nearly 24+. Comparing to
other countries, it’s kind of a slow process.

25. Pakistan vs Sri lanka
■ Pakistan is about 12 times bigger than Sri Lanka.Sri Lanka is
approximately 65,610 sq km, while Pakistan is approximately 796,095 sq
km, making Pakistan 1,113% larger than Sri Lanka.

26. Pakistan vs Sri Lanka Eduaction system
Structure of education
Pakistan
■ Primary (grade 1 to 5 ).
■ Middle (grades 6 to 8).
■ Secondary (grade 9 to 10).
■ Higher education (11 &12).
■ University programs
Sri Lanka
■ Primary (grade 1 to 5)
■ junior Secondary (grades 6 to 9).
■ SR.Secondry (grade 10& 13).
■ Voccational education
■ University level

27. Administration
Pakistan
■ Back to school Education In Pakistan •
Education in Pakistan is overseen by
Ministry of Education of government of
Pakistan. • The academic institution are the
responsibility of provisional government. •
Federal government is responsible for
curriculum development, recognition &
some finance research..
Sri Lanka
)Backto school Education In Sri
Lanka • Education in Sri Lanka is
overseen by Ministry of Education. •
National schools are considered Elite
and well maintained. • Ministry of
Education is responsible for
curriculum.

28. GDP(GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTS).
■ Pakistan
■ The Economic Survey of
Pakistan 2021-22 has pointed
out that only 1.77 per cent of
GDP was spent on the
education sector.
■ Sri lanka
■ Sri Lanka has spent 2.12% of
GDP on education.

29. Literacy Rates
■ Pakistan
■ Total:62.3
■ Male :70%
■ Female:48%
■ Sri Lanka
■ TOTAL:98.1%.
■ Male :97.7%
■ Female:98.6%

30. Curriculum
■ Pakistan
■ In Pakistan All schools
follow Single National
curriculum .
■ In schools English is used
as a Medium of instruction
.
■ SRI LANKA
■ In Sri Lanka private schools follow the
local Curriculum set up by The
MINISTRY Of Education.
■ International schools follow their own
National Curriculum .
■ ENGLISH is taught as a Medim of
Instruction.

31. ■ Unemployment Rate in Pakistan is expected to reach 12.00 percent by
the end of 2022.While Sri Lanka Unemployment Rate dropped
to 4.30% in Mar 2022, from the previously reported figure of 4.60% in
Dec 2021.