The presentation includes the technical knowledge had in the past in Sri Lanka at various level of development and most of them can be used with some modifications at present
This is lesson 2 for Three Day Residential Training Workshop on Cascade Water Resources Development and Management prepared for Climate Resilient Integrated Water Management Project Project
This is lesson 1 for Three Day Residential Training Workshop on Cascade Water Resources Development and Management prepared for Climate Resilient Integrated Water Management Project Project
This is lesson 6 of IKS taught to Master level students on Indigenous Irrigation Systems at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
This is a presentation made to IESL members on 29th December 2019 at The Sigiriya Air Force premises.
Water resources management master plan in Sri Lanka includes not only irrigation but many more purposes.
Overview of small tank cascades: Evolution, present status and future scenariosDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at Policy Dialogue on Restoration and Management of
Small Tank Cascade Systems on 14 February, 2017 at
Bandaranaike Centre for International Studies (BCIS), Colombo
This is lesson 2 for Three Day Residential Training Workshop on Cascade Water Resources Development and Management prepared for Climate Resilient Integrated Water Management Project Project
This is lesson 1 for Three Day Residential Training Workshop on Cascade Water Resources Development and Management prepared for Climate Resilient Integrated Water Management Project Project
This is lesson 6 of IKS taught to Master level students on Indigenous Irrigation Systems at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
This is a presentation made to IESL members on 29th December 2019 at The Sigiriya Air Force premises.
Water resources management master plan in Sri Lanka includes not only irrigation but many more purposes.
Overview of small tank cascades: Evolution, present status and future scenariosDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at Policy Dialogue on Restoration and Management of
Small Tank Cascade Systems on 14 February, 2017 at
Bandaranaike Centre for International Studies (BCIS), Colombo
Over the last decade, demand for spring management has increased as traditional spring sources have started drying up or becoming contaminated. In response, communities, NGOs and state agencies began dedicated spring protection programmes. In the Himalayas, the State of Sikkim and organizations such as Central Himalayan Action and Research Group (CHIRAG) and People Science Institute (PSI) started identifying and protecting spring recharge areas around 2007. The difference between these programmes and many other previous efforts is that they went beyond supply-side improvements to focus on the use of hydrogeology to map springsheds for targeted interventions.
The Advanced Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), a research and capacity-building organization comprised of hydrogeologists and other experts began lending their expertise and building capacity of stakeholders. ACWADAM provides technical support, training and materials in hydrogeology to all network partners as well as others in India and the region. Similar programmes began independently in most of the mountain regions of India. Arghyam, a funding organization that was supporting many of these programmes, noticed that these disparate initiatives shared commonalities despite geographic diversity. They thus organized and funded a meeting of these various organizations in June 2014, and the Springs Initiative was born.
The springs initiative aims to tackle the current water crisis and to ensure safe and sustainable access to water for all, by promoting responsible and appropriate management of aquifers, springsheds, and watersheds and conserving ecosystems in partnership with communities, governments and other stakeholders.
This presentation has been developed as a part of the springs initiative to promote an understanding of springs and their role in mountainous areas.
Managing tank cascades in the dry zone for Optimum supplyDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at the seminar organized
by IEPSL on 19th August 2011 at Waters Edge, Colombo to explain the importance of tank cascade management in sustainable water resources management
Drought management means, all concerted action by the local communities, government, donors, NGOs, international organization and other actors, to prepare for, respond to and help recover from drought.
Drought management of Sri Lanka consider as local, regional, and international levels.
The irrigation works in ancient Sri Lanka, the earliest dating from about 300 BCE, in the reign of King Pandukabhaya and under continuous development for the next thousand years, were some of the most complex irrigation systems of the ancient world.
This presentation explains the ancient master plan of water resources management, tank cascades - spatial distribution, definitions, and importance, ecosystem services, and functions and planning procedures.
This is the third lecture of the course 'Irrigation based Agro-ecosystems' conducted at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Presentation made at the Discussion Forum on Cascade Development in NCP, NP and NWP held on 26th November 2013 at the Conference Room of the
Uma Oya Multipurpose Development Project, Ministry of Irrigation & Water Resources Management, No. 26, Jawatte Road, Colombo 5
Traditional water harvesting methods – their role and scope in correcting ind...IEI GSC
This presentation -- second and last in the series- was made at a workshop on water conservation at Ahmedabad organised by The Institution of Engineers (India), Gujarat State Center in association with Water Management Forum.
Rainwater harvesting is one of the surest ways of reducing our dependence on secondary sources of water like lakes or rivers. As there is a limted supply of water available to man, it is important that he learns to recycle and reuse water as well. This is where rainwater harvesting becomes important. The presentation that follows will allow a teacher to explain in simple terms what rainwater harvesting is, why it should be made popular, and how it is useful. Through this presentation children will also learn about some of the popular rainwater harvesting systems prevelant in the driest region of this country—Rajasthan, and surprisingly even the wettest—the Northeast. Why does a rain rich region like the Northeast need to harvest rainwater? Find out the answer to this and more through this PPT.
Presentation by Alan Nicol from IWMI at the Land and Water Advantage event on the sidelines of COP23.
More information about the event series: https://bit.ly/AgAdvantage
The importance of maintaining the ecological balance in tank cascade systemsDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at the Short Course on Tanks Rehabilitation and Cascade Development organized by Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Peradeniya, 26-27-January, 2019, Sri Lanka
Ralegan lies in drought prone zone of ahmednagar dist. of Maharashtra.
Before 1975 there was acute under deprivation, fragile, degraded ecosystem and water scarcity.
70% of population was below poverty line.
Village met only 30% of food requirement.
People restored to illicit liquor vending.
Women were also suffering with prostitution.
15-20% population underfed.
Untouchability- 16 harizan family lived under isolation.
Corruption of govt. funds.
Recharge the ground water to 6.5meter depth through out the year Agricultural production went up from 294.3tonnes in 1975-76 to 1386.2tonnes in 1985-86.
Average yield per hact. Of cropped area increase 19 times.
Income from agriculture increased from Rs3,45,910 to Rs.31,72,678 peer annum.
Milk yield increased from 300ltr. To 4000 ltr.
In 2002 Per capita increase from Rs.271 to Rs.2257.
Best health indicator
provision of safe drinking water
Supply of water for industries.
Removal of caste barriers and promoting social cohesiveness.
1. Tapping rain water
2. Repairing of percolation
3. Horticulture development
4.Drip irrigation
5. Restriction on cultivation of water intense crop
6. Cash crop production was emphasized
7. Lift irrigation & establishment of water cooperatives
8. 4 lakh trees were planted
9. Watershed development
10. State agriculture department selected Ralegan Siddhi in 1982-83 for implementing this plan
11. 47 check dams were built in 4 micro watershed areas
12. Total water storage capacity is 300 cubic meters approx.
13. A canal of 3 kms long, 10 to 12 meter wide and 2 to 3 meters deep constructed
Over the last decade, demand for spring management has increased as traditional spring sources have started drying up or becoming contaminated. In response, communities, NGOs and state agencies began dedicated spring protection programmes. In the Himalayas, the State of Sikkim and organizations such as Central Himalayan Action and Research Group (CHIRAG) and People Science Institute (PSI) started identifying and protecting spring recharge areas around 2007. The difference between these programmes and many other previous efforts is that they went beyond supply-side improvements to focus on the use of hydrogeology to map springsheds for targeted interventions.
The Advanced Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (ACWADAM), a research and capacity-building organization comprised of hydrogeologists and other experts began lending their expertise and building capacity of stakeholders. ACWADAM provides technical support, training and materials in hydrogeology to all network partners as well as others in India and the region. Similar programmes began independently in most of the mountain regions of India. Arghyam, a funding organization that was supporting many of these programmes, noticed that these disparate initiatives shared commonalities despite geographic diversity. They thus organized and funded a meeting of these various organizations in June 2014, and the Springs Initiative was born.
The springs initiative aims to tackle the current water crisis and to ensure safe and sustainable access to water for all, by promoting responsible and appropriate management of aquifers, springsheds, and watersheds and conserving ecosystems in partnership with communities, governments and other stakeholders.
This presentation has been developed as a part of the springs initiative to promote an understanding of springs and their role in mountainous areas.
Managing tank cascades in the dry zone for Optimum supplyDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at the seminar organized
by IEPSL on 19th August 2011 at Waters Edge, Colombo to explain the importance of tank cascade management in sustainable water resources management
Drought management means, all concerted action by the local communities, government, donors, NGOs, international organization and other actors, to prepare for, respond to and help recover from drought.
Drought management of Sri Lanka consider as local, regional, and international levels.
The irrigation works in ancient Sri Lanka, the earliest dating from about 300 BCE, in the reign of King Pandukabhaya and under continuous development for the next thousand years, were some of the most complex irrigation systems of the ancient world.
This presentation explains the ancient master plan of water resources management, tank cascades - spatial distribution, definitions, and importance, ecosystem services, and functions and planning procedures.
This is the third lecture of the course 'Irrigation based Agro-ecosystems' conducted at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Presentation made at the Discussion Forum on Cascade Development in NCP, NP and NWP held on 26th November 2013 at the Conference Room of the
Uma Oya Multipurpose Development Project, Ministry of Irrigation & Water Resources Management, No. 26, Jawatte Road, Colombo 5
Traditional water harvesting methods – their role and scope in correcting ind...IEI GSC
This presentation -- second and last in the series- was made at a workshop on water conservation at Ahmedabad organised by The Institution of Engineers (India), Gujarat State Center in association with Water Management Forum.
Rainwater harvesting is one of the surest ways of reducing our dependence on secondary sources of water like lakes or rivers. As there is a limted supply of water available to man, it is important that he learns to recycle and reuse water as well. This is where rainwater harvesting becomes important. The presentation that follows will allow a teacher to explain in simple terms what rainwater harvesting is, why it should be made popular, and how it is useful. Through this presentation children will also learn about some of the popular rainwater harvesting systems prevelant in the driest region of this country—Rajasthan, and surprisingly even the wettest—the Northeast. Why does a rain rich region like the Northeast need to harvest rainwater? Find out the answer to this and more through this PPT.
Presentation by Alan Nicol from IWMI at the Land and Water Advantage event on the sidelines of COP23.
More information about the event series: https://bit.ly/AgAdvantage
The importance of maintaining the ecological balance in tank cascade systemsDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at the Short Course on Tanks Rehabilitation and Cascade Development organized by Centre for Environmental Studies, University of Peradeniya, 26-27-January, 2019, Sri Lanka
Ralegan lies in drought prone zone of ahmednagar dist. of Maharashtra.
Before 1975 there was acute under deprivation, fragile, degraded ecosystem and water scarcity.
70% of population was below poverty line.
Village met only 30% of food requirement.
People restored to illicit liquor vending.
Women were also suffering with prostitution.
15-20% population underfed.
Untouchability- 16 harizan family lived under isolation.
Corruption of govt. funds.
Recharge the ground water to 6.5meter depth through out the year Agricultural production went up from 294.3tonnes in 1975-76 to 1386.2tonnes in 1985-86.
Average yield per hact. Of cropped area increase 19 times.
Income from agriculture increased from Rs3,45,910 to Rs.31,72,678 peer annum.
Milk yield increased from 300ltr. To 4000 ltr.
In 2002 Per capita increase from Rs.271 to Rs.2257.
Best health indicator
provision of safe drinking water
Supply of water for industries.
Removal of caste barriers and promoting social cohesiveness.
1. Tapping rain water
2. Repairing of percolation
3. Horticulture development
4.Drip irrigation
5. Restriction on cultivation of water intense crop
6. Cash crop production was emphasized
7. Lift irrigation & establishment of water cooperatives
8. 4 lakh trees were planted
9. Watershed development
10. State agriculture department selected Ralegan Siddhi in 1982-83 for implementing this plan
11. 47 check dams were built in 4 micro watershed areas
12. Total water storage capacity is 300 cubic meters approx.
13. A canal of 3 kms long, 10 to 12 meter wide and 2 to 3 meters deep constructed
Use of groundwater for agriculture in Sri Lanka has become popular especially in the dry zone during 1980s. Shallow open dug-wells referred to as agro-wells brought blessing to small scale farmers in the dry zone, but over-exploitation of groundwater extracted from regolith aquifer could lead to create a disastrous situation causing permanent depletion of the resource.
A series of modules on project cycle, planning and the logical framework, aimed at team leaders of international NGOs in developing countries.
New improved version of Writing Project Proposals in February 2014.
Sri Lankan traditional knowledge in adaptation to climate changeDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at the Workshop on “Conservation and Utilization of Local Varieties, Traditional Knowledge Associated with Genetic Resources and Agriculture”, held on 9th January 2017 at Oak Ray Regency Hotel, Kandy organized jointly by Department of Agriculture (DOA) Sri Lanka and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) Japan, Biodiversity for Adaptation to Climate Change (BACC) Project and Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition (BFN )Project, Department of Agriculture’
The lecture delivered at the Post Graduate Institute of Humanities and Social sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka on 8th October 2017 with following content:
River basin-level planning; Network of tanks and streams; Cascade ecology; Tank-village ecosystem; Traditional Agricultural Practices in adaptation to drought; Rainwater harvesting from rock
Introduction
Origin of tank cascade concept
Tank cascade systems of Sri Lanka: Anatomy, distribution and definitions
Importance of cascade approach
Traditional tank-village ecosystem – adaptive capacity for the present situation
Sustainable Water Management in Cascade System: A model in Environmentally Se...Dr. P.B.Dharmasena
Introduction
Origin of tank cascade concept
Tank cascade systems of Sri Lanka: Anatomy, distribution and definitions
Importance of cascade approach
Traditional tank-village ecosystem – adaptive capacity for present situation
A Special Lecture has been delivered for Students at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka on the course - Traditional Technology in Sri Lankan Agriculture on 26th July 2021
This is the part 2 of 5th lesson in the course 'Traditional Knowledge in Sri Lankan Agriculture' taught at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
This is the part 1 of 5th lesson in the course 'Traditional Knowledge in Sri Lankan Agriculture' taught at the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Cascade Tank Village System and identification of novel post graduate researc...Dr. P.B.Dharmasena
Seminar on Research collaboration opportunities with School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Australia - 14th September 2018, NRMC, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
PowerPoint Presentation on the topic - 'Water Resources'.
Geography
Chapter 3
For Class:- 10th
Created By - 'Neha Rohtagi'.
I hope that you will found this presentation useful and it will help you out for your concept understanding.
Thank You!
Please give feedbacks and suggestions to get presentations on more interesting topics.
Awareness lecture series conducted in Anuradhapura (31.01.2019) and Trincomalee (05.02.2019) organized by Climate Resilient Integrated Water Management Project - UNDP
Probing Unresolved Mysteries of Ancient Water TechnologyDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made at History & Heritage Forum, the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka on 15th September 2022.
Present crisis of water
Ancient master plan of water resources management
Water based city planning - Anuradhapura
Rainwater harvesting – Pidurangala
Tank cascade systems: The first agricultural heritage in Sri Lanka
Traditional tank-village ecosystem- Lessons for future ‘evergreen agro-ecosystems’ concept
This is a presentation made on Climate Smart Agriculture for training of trainers under the project on Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
4 Climate Resilience WV English for training of trainersDr. P.B.Dharmasena
This is a presentation made for trainers on Climate Resilience
under the project on Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
This is a TOT presentation made on Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for the project - Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
2 Climate change on agriculture for training of trainersDr. P.B.Dharmasena
This is a TOT presentation on Agriculture and Climate Change
made for the project - Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
1 Climate and Soil for training of trainers.WV English.pdfDr. P.B.Dharmasena
This is a presentation made for trainers on soil and climate under the project on Building Resilience and Strengthening Community Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lanka
Developing 2050 Carbon Net Zero Road Map & Strategic Plan for Sri Lanka - ...Dr. P.B.Dharmasena
This validation workshop was held after preparing the Road Map and Strategic Plan for Sri Lanka and the authors are responsible for the agriculture sector.
Restoration of Tank Cascade Systems for Productivity and SustainabilityDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Presentation made for Technical staff of Climate Resilient Integrated Water Management Project (CRIWMP) at Kurunegala on 9th May 2018
Why cascade systems again?
Drought and flood events can be expected more due to climate change
High prevalence of poverty in tank cascade areas
Mal-nutrition can be greatly reduced by tank fishery and animal husbandry
Better land use under cascade principles – addresses ecological issues such as clearance of village forests, unsustainable land use etc.
Improve living conditions
Health issues ? – drinking water, contamination of agro-chemicals and heavy metals leads to kidney failures, malaria etc.
Most importantly It is an answer to drought hazards
A rainwater harvesting technology;
A soil moisture and groundwater maintaining technology;
A soil erosion and siltation control technology;
A technology that ensured the maintenance of ecological balance;
A technology that promotes social cohesion and needs for community leadership;
A system that accommodates spiritual development which promotes egalitarian (equally treated) attitudes especially during droughts;
A system that nurtured the development of drought insurance through animal husbandry
Main GHGs from agricultural lands are CH4 and N2O
GHG emission can be reduced by 60 % in 2050 through:
Removal of rice straws and through good management practices in paddy fields
Use alternatives to chemical fertilizer
CH4 reduction from livestock by improving feed quality and animal comfort
Reduce N2O emission in soils
Enhance C sequestration in paddy and rainfed uplands through ‘Evergreen Agro-ecosystem’ concept
Carbon stock in agricultural lands can be enhanced by improving land management practices
C sequestration in tea lands can be increased through: Agro-ecosystem approach; Crop diversification; Intercropping; Introduction of shade trees with optimum density; and Rehabilitation of old tea lands
C stock can be increased by 267 % by the year 2050 through Home Garden Intensification
If the proposed mitigation actions are implemented, the country will be able to achieve Net Zero by 2038.
This lecture was delivered to Agricultural Instructors working for Climate Smart Agriculture Project in 11 districts in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. It includes Climate Smart Agriculture, Special characters in CSA, technological packages for crops such as paddy, maize etc. and livestock such as cattle, poultry etc.
This lecture was delivered for the Agricultural Instructors working for Climate Smart Agriculture project in 11 districts in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. It includes climate change and climate variability, Relevance of global impacts of climate change. Green House Gas (GHG) emission, Reduction of GHG in the agriculture sector, targets for GHG reduction up to 2050, new agriculture concepts to reduce GHG and increase carbon sequestration
Management of Soils in the dry zone of Sri Lanka (Sinhala).pdfDr. P.B.Dharmasena
This lecture was delivered to Agricultural Instructors working for Climate Smart Agriculture Project in 11 dry zone districts of Sri Lanka. It includes most abundant soils in Sri Lanka, Land degradation, Sustainable Land Management, new concepts immerged in agriculture to address climate change impacts.
The lecture delivered for Agricultural Instructors working for Climate Smart Agriculture Project in 11 districts of Sri Lanka. It explains the difference between climate and weather, factors affecting climate variation in Sri Lanka, Rainfall, altitude, degree of wetness etc.
Progress of Improving System Efficiencies and Water Productivity (ISEWP): A C...Dr. P.B.Dharmasena
Objective: To analyze and demonstrate sustainable increases in irrigation system efficiencies and water productivity (in both yields and returns) that can be readily adopted in irrigation schemes and farms within the Mahaweli System.
Approach: The approach is in two inter-related parts;
Part 1 - case study irrigation systems, and
Part 2 - pilot demonstrations
Inception workshop held on 10th December 2018
Report submitted accommodating comments several times.
The Inception Report was finally accepted by the client on 19th July 2019 one month after the departure of the former Team Leader.
The progress has been seriously affected due to above reason
Up to now 6 monthly progress reports from April to September 2019 have been submitted
Lesson Four - Indigenous Village Irrigation Systems, traditional small scale ...Dr. P.B.Dharmasena
This is the Guest Lecture 4 delivered for Agriculture students of the Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka.
It explains:
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System
Ancient water resources management planning in Sri Lanka
Tank Cascade Systems of Sri Lanka
Tank-village Ecosystem
Traditional Vision of Water Management
Restoration of Village Irrigation Systems
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
1. Sri Lankan Traditional Knowledge in
adaptation to climate change
Systems of knowledge are many.
Among these, modern science is only one, though
the most powerful and universal.
Rural people’s knowledge is in contrast ‘situated’,
differing both by locality and by group and
individual, and differing in its modes of
experimenting and learning: different people know
different things in different places, and learn new
things in different ways.
– Robert Chambers, 1994
Dharmasena, P.B., Presentation made at the Workshop on ‘Conservation and utilization of local
varieties, traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources and agriculture’ held on 9-10
January 2017 at Oak Ray Regency Hotel, Deveni Rajasinghe Mawatha, Gatambe, Kandy.
2. Pre-Vijaya History (3000 BC – 600 BC)
Queen Devayani Sister Mandratha
Prince Tharaka
(Kelaniya)
Prince Soorapadma
(Thissamaharama)
Prince Singhemukha
(Lankapura)
Prince Kuwera
(Alakamanda)
King Ravana
(2554 – 2517 BC
Chithrakuta)
King Vibhishana
(Kelaniya)
7. Advantages of New Provinces
• Neutral basis for boundary demarcation of
provinces – no ethnic, religious, linguistic or any
other extreme criteria
• Every Province has a sea-frontage with the coast
and oceanic resources.
• Development of water resources – no “inter-
provincial rivers”.
• Under the 13th Amendment to the Constitution -
Provincial Rivers will be developed and managed
by the Provincial Councils
• Natural disaster such as floods and droughts could
be managed from a long-term perspective.
• No unwelcome social barriers such as Up-country
- Low Country Divisions
• The sharing of power with regard to development
would be more tangible and reasonable between
the centre and the periphery.
8. River basins – Deduru Oya, Kala Oya,
Malwathu Oya and Yan Oya
River Basin Total Basin
Area (Km2)
Total Rainfall
(million M3)
Drainage to
Sea (million
M3)
%
drainage
to Sea
Deduru Oya 2,616 4,794 1,608 34.0
Kala Oya 2,772 4,424 587 13.0
Malwathu Oya 3,246 4,592 568 12.0
Yan Oya 1,520 2,269 300 19.0
13. Flood situation avoided Drought effect minimized
Opportunities for rich bio-diversity
Food security through
diverse farming
Cyclone forces
diluted
14. Total No. of tanks: 11
Tanks with settlements (Wew gammana): 02
Tanks without settlements (Olagam wew): 02
Tanks to trap sediments (Kayan wew): 03
Forest tanks (Kuluwew): 04
15. Sanitary places of
women and kids
Sanitary places of men
Faeces as a nutrient source to paddy fields
Tank-village system will be declared soon as a
Globally Important Agriculture Heritage System (GIAHS) by UN
A Sustainable System to adapt Climate Change scenarios
19. What does climate change mean
in Sri Lanka?
• The number of rainy days has decreased (except Nuwara
Eliya)*.
• The total annual rainfall has not decreased in many areas*.
• Annual rainfall variability has increased*.
• Annual mean air temperature is increasing**.
• Extreme events (drought and flood) are possible.
* - Manawadu and Fernando, 2008.
** - Premalal, 2009, Chandrapala , 2009.
20. Traditional Agricultural Practices in adaptation to
climate change
• ‘Bethma’ practice during drought periods
– It is a practice that temporarily redistributes plots of land among
shareholders (paddy landowners) in part of the command area
(territory) of a tank (reservoir) during drought periods
• ‘Pangu’ method – Regular maintenance to avoid disasters
– The tank had to be maintained properly to avoid breach, leak, and
excess seepage. Repair and desiltation of tanks and cleaning of
canals during dry periods are shared tasks assigned to each farmer
proportionately to land ownership.
• ‘Kekulama’ if the low rainfall maha is expected
– Farmers advance the cultivation time using early seasonal rains
whenever they feel that tanks would not get enough water to
cultivate the command area. They have the experience that if
September (2nd inter-monsoonal) rains are high, the total seasonal
rainfall is not adequate to fill the tank.
21. 600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
September rainfall (mm)
September Vs. October-February rainfalls
(Mahailluppallama 1905 – 2003)
October-Februaryrainfalls(mm)
22. Traditional Agricultural Practices in adaptation to
climate change
• ‘Bethma’ practice during drought periods
– It is a practice that temporarily redistributes plots of land among
shareholders (paddy landowners) in part of the command area
(territory) of a tank (reservoir) during drought periods
• ‘Pangu’ method – Regular maintenance to avoid disasters
– The tank had to be maintained properly to avoid breach, leak, and
excess seepage. Repair and desiltation of tanks and cleaning of
canals during dry periods are shared tasks assigned to each farmer
proportionately to land ownership.
• ‘Kekulama’ if a low rainfall maha is expected
– Farmers advance the cultivation time using early seasonal rains
whenever they feel that tanks would not get enough water to
cultivate the command area. They have the experience that if
September (2nd inter-monsoonal) rains are high, the total seasonal
rainfall is not adequate to fill the tank.
• ‘Thawalu Govithena’ during extremely dry situation
– Tank bed cultivation using little rains constructing a main soil bund
between deep phase and shallow phase of the tank bed
23. Four strata of tank water body
Madakaluwa – dead storage area
Wewpitiya – deep water area
Waangilma – area between FSL and HFL
Wewthaula – shallow water area
Master bund in Thawulu Govithena to
prevent tank sedimentation