The document discusses a study on the role of houseflies and German cockroaches in spreading antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals and communities in Libya. Over 40% of bacteria isolated from flies and cockroaches in hospitals were resistant to at least 4 antibiotics. More than 65% of Pseudomonas species isolated from these insects showed resistance to 9 or more antibiotics. The study concludes that houseflies and cockroaches likely play an important role in the spread of drug-resistant bacteria between and within hospitals and households in Libya, posing serious risks to treatment of infections. Stronger control of these insects is recommended.