South east asia regional

1. South East Asia Regional
Pankaj Kumar Singh

3. River
Arakan Yoma

4. River
Pegu Yoma

5. River
Shan Pt.

6. River
Korat Pt.

7. River
Annam Highland

8. River
Arakan Yoma Pegu Yoma
Shan Pt.
Korat Pt.
Annam Highland

9. River
Irrawady

10. River
Salween

11. River
Chao
Phraya

12. River
Mekong

13. River
Red

14. River
Red
Mekong
Chao
Phraya
Salween
Irrawady

15. River System
• Irrawady and its largest tributary, the Chindwin. Yangoon and Mandalay, the
largest cities in Myanmar, are located on the banks of the Irrawady. The
Salween River flows through Myanmar too, but it originates on the Plateau of
Tibet .The delta and the flood plains of the Irrawaddy leaving room for the
core of the country to develop.
• Bangkok (Thailand) is divided by the Chao Phraya River.
• The Mekong River in a valley to the east and parallel of the Salween.After
leaving China, the Mekong is used for the boundary between Thailand and
Laos, then continues through Thailand and the heart of.Cambodia, cuts
across the southern tip of Vietnam, and finally empties into the South China
Sea. The capital cities of Vientiane (Laos) and Phnom Penh (Cambodia),
• Hanoi (Vietnam) is on the banks of the Red River,
• The political cores and cultural hearths of all the mainland countries, then,
have developed along rivers.

17. South West Monsoon

18. North East Monsoon

19. South West Monsoon
Monsoon Continental South East Asia
Monsoon Peninsular South East Asia
Equatorial South East Asia

20. Climatic regions of South East
Asia
(i) Monsoon Continental South East Asia: Maximum rainfall during S. W.
Monsoon period,
(ii) Equatorial South East Asia: Uniformity of temperature and humidity,
(iii) Monsoon Peninsular South east Asia.
Climate
Climates throughout Southeast Asia are remarkably consistent from place
to place—persistently hot and wet.

21. Precipitation pattern
In both seasons, the islands receive copious amounts of precipitation.
The uplift, caused by the mountains, cools the warm, moist air,
resulting in constant condensation and the resulting rain.
The mainland, however, receives its moisture primarily during the
Northern Hemisphere summer. Only the exposed east coast of the
mainland and part of the Malay Peninsula receive winter rain.
both summer and winter monsoons over Vietnam and western Malaysia.
A large part of the region receives more than 200 cm of rain annually.

22. Vegetation ( Tropical Evergreen
Forest )
The warm, humid conditions of Southeast Asia result in dense tropical
forests .The heal and moisture not only allow natural decay, mold, and
fungi but also encourage cleared areas to become revegetated in a
very short.
Savanna grass covers some of the drier areas that receive the summer
monsoon only. These grasslands have not been utilised for herding,
as in other areas of the world.
Both the grasslands and the forests are insect-infested, hot and humid,
and quite uncomfortable for most humans.

23. Agriculture
Despite the many steep hills, mountains, and rugged terrain, as well as the
vast tropical forests, Southeast Asia is primarily an agricultural region.
Only about one-fourth of the people of the region live in urban areas. It is a
land of farmers.
Rice
The main crop of the region is wet rice, grown with the aid of natural flooding
or by irrigation. So Southeast Asia is an ideal place to grow it. Infact so
much rice is produced that for some countries it is an export commodity.
Rice can account for more than half of Myanmar's export income and
about one-fourth of Thailand's.

24. Rubber
Rubber in
Malaysia -40%
Rubber in
Malaysia -40%

25. Agriculture
The second most important crop, after rice, varies greatly from country to
country, but the second-ranking commodities are usually tree
products of some type.
Teak and other tropica! Hardwoods - come from the forests of Myanmar.
Thailand ,Laos, and Cambodia.
Coconuts - and their assorted products are exported from most of the
islands.
Paper production - , plywood manufacturing, and other lumber-processing
are common activities in Singapore, even though the country cuts no
trees.
Rubber - Today, rubber accounts for about 40 per cent of Malaysia's
export. Raw rubber is also exported from Brunei, Indonesia, Thailand, and
Vietnam. Singapore imports raw rubber from its neighbours, processes it,

26. Other Agricultural Products
• Other agricultural products of Southeast Asia include corn, cotton,
tobacco, and pepper.
• Cinchona, the tree whose bark is used to make quinine grows in most
countries and has been a major crop in Indonesia, Vietnam, and the
Philippines.
• Coffee, tea, sugar, tapioca, sweet potatoes, and beans are
produced in some of the region's countries. Laos has been a major
supplier of opium, which comes from a type of poppy. It also is the
major citrus fruit grower of Southeast Asia.
• The constant heat and plentiful moisture make it possible for nearly
anything to grow in Southeast Asia.

27. Fisheries
• Fish are an important component of the food supply and considerable
source of income, for people along the coasts but also inland along
streams and lakes.
• Many fish are harvested from artificial fish ponds or from flooded
rice fields in which they are grown as a supplementary "'crop."

28. Tin ( Malaysia )
Kinta Valley
Kra Penisula
Kelang Valley

29. Tin
Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Malaysia, and Indonesia all produce tin.
Malaysia is the world's leading producer and exporter of tin. All the tin-fields
are in Peninsular Malaysia and the Kinta Valley alone accounts for half
the annual output. Other major areas are the Kelang Valley around Kuala
Lumpur (the capital).
Tin is smelted in Singapore and ingots are exported.
Thailand's tin is mined in the south, in the Kra Peninsula.

30. Petroleum
Medan ( Pengakalan)
Pakanbaru
(Palambang,
Jambi, Minas
Kalimantan ( Balikpapan
Irian Jaya (Klamono)
Sarawak
Brunei

31. Petroleum
Vast supplies of petroleum also are found in Southeast Asia.
Indonesia is one of the world's largest petroleum producers and the United
States About one-third of Indonesia's exports are petroleum products.
Oil supplies nearly make the entire income of Brunei and provides the tiny
country with a very high standard of living.
Indonesia has greatly expanded oil production, most of which comes from
Sumatra. The chief fields are Palembang, Jambi, Minas (near Pakan Baru),
and around Pengkalan (near Medan). Oil is refined at Palembang and Jambi
or is sent to Singapore.
Indonesia also has oil reserves in Kalimantan (Borneo Isiand), at Balikpapan
and also at Klamono in Irian Jaya.
Brunei on the northern Borneo coast has large reserves of oil and natural gas in
comparison with its size.The oil is refined at Sarawak, or sent to Japan or
Singapore. Burma is another South-East Asian country with some oil.

32. Industry
Regardless of all the mineral wealth, very little heavy industry is carried on in
Southeast Asia—partly because the colonial powers did not want industry to
develop and partly because both coal and iron ore have not been found
Food and textile processing are the main activities. Such light industries are
geared to meet the immediate needs of the people.
Singapore - is the leading processor and manufacturer of the region, and its
port is one of the largest and busiest in the world. Many raw products are
brought in for processing and sent out as finished or semi-finished
goods.In Singapore, oil is refined, electronic assembly plants thrive, and
rubber, copra, and lumber are processed.
Thailand - has automobile assembly plants, but most automotive products in the
region come from Japan
Malaysia - fertilizers, and electronic goods are made in Malaysia.
Philippines - increasing its manufacturing outputToday, electrical equipment and
appliances are made in that country.The fish industry in the Philippines is the
largest in the world, with nearly 2 million metric tons of fish caught each year.

33. Tourism
Tourism, is major industry in Southeast Asia
• Singapore leads the region in that category, and each year the small
country draws nearly 2 million tourists.
• Thailand has a tourist connection with European countries, especially
France and Germany.