Canada has diverse geographic regions that influence its economy and industry. 1) The Prairies regions of Manitoba and Saskatchewan are major wheat producers and exporters, while British Columbia focuses on agriculture. 2) Ontario and Quebec generate 75% of Canada's electricity due to their numerous lakes, rapids and waterfalls. 3) Alberta has significant petroleum and natural gas industries, particularly from the Athabasca tar sands. Pipelines transport gas from Alberta to industrial regions in the east.

1. Canada Regional

3. Quebec
Montreal
Ontario
Toronto
Winnipeg
Athabasca
Edmonton
Calgary
Vancouver
Sarnia
Hamilton

4. Significance of Fishing Industry
in Canada – 1 Lakh People
East Coast Fisheries
– Cod, Herring
Great Lakes
West Coast Fisheries
–Salmon, Halibut(60%) Labrador Cold
Current
Gulf Stream
Warm Current

5. Significance of Forestry for –
Paper Industry
Quebec and
Maritime Province
-Montreal
Southern Shield
British Province –
50% - Vancouver

6. Significance of Regional distribution
of Agricultural Practice in Canada
Maritime Province –
South of Ontario &
Quebec – Oats as
fodder for livestock
British Columbia
Prairies of Manitoba
and Saskatchewan –
Wheat – largest -
export

7. HEP in Canada
Ontario
Quebec
•Provides 75% of Electricity in Canada
•As a result of Ice age numerous lakes,
Rapids, waterfalls

8. Petroleum
•Turner Valley, Southwest of Calgary in Saskatchewan -.
•petroleum from the Athabasca 'tar-sands' has now been devised,
Turner Valley,
Southwest of Calgary
in Saskatchewan
petroleum from the
Athabasca 'tar-sands‘
Exprting to India & China

9. Natural Gas
British Columbia –
Peace river
Alberta
-

10. Gas Pipeline
Trans-Canada Gas
Pipeline – Alberta to
Eastern Industrial region
Trans Continental
Pipeline – Alberta
to Sarnia

11. Great Lakes Industrial Region
The region around Great Lakes is highly
industrialised region of Canada. Major Industrial
centres of Canada are the provinces of Quebec
and Ontario—80% of Canada's industries near
Montreal, Toronto, Hamilton and Windsor.
And also towards west asWinnipeg, Calgary
and Vancouver and Edmonton.
.

12. Iron and Steel Industry
1. This industry operates in two main areas.
In the lowlands of Quebec and Ontario
2. Important localisation factors
(i) Large demands for steel made by other industries,
(ii) The Steel Company of Canada (STELCO) operates plants at a number of
towns between Hamilton and Quebec.
(iii) The iron ore comes both from Labrador and from the STEEP ROCK
(iv) Coal from Pennsylvania ( USA ) and
(v) Limestone - from southwestern Ontario.

14. Sarnia

15. Transportation Equipment
Industry
• The manufacture of cars, lorries, locomotives and rolling stock are an
important industry of Canada.
• Montreal , Toronto, Hamilton, are known for automobile plants.
• Availability of steel and large_ labour force are two broad factors which
help to account for the distribution of automobile industry in Canada.
• Regional centres well served by lines of Transport communication
• The first car assembly works to be established in Canada by a European
firm was recently set up at Halifax by the Swedish company, Volvo.
• Local supplies of steel are an important factor in the locational factor

16. Ports
St. Johns
Vancouver
Churcill
Halfax

17. Transportation ( Ports )
Montreal, despite its inland position and the winter freeze, Canada's chief
seaport.
Halifax and St. John they are ice-free throughout the year. On account of this
the Canadian National Railway (CNR) was made to terminate at Halifax, while
St. John is served by both the Canada National Railway (C.N.R.) and the
Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR).
Vancouver,grew rapidly after the completion of the C.P.R. in 1885, and
increased still further in size and importance after the opening of the Panama
Canal in 1914. Bulk products from the western Prairies travel to Europe more
cheaply the 'long way round' via Vancouver and the Panama Canal than they
would if sent by rail to the eastern .ports.
Churchill on Hudson Bay is actually the nearest port to the Prairies, but it can
operate only during the three or four summer months when it is free from ice.

18. Iron Ore Distribution
Transcontinental
Railway
Canada National Railway
(CNR) – Vancouver to
Halifax ( Govt. )
Canada Pacific Railway
(CPR) – Vancouver to St.
Johns ( Private )
St. JohnsVancouver
Halfax

19. • Canada now ranks in the top three diamond producers in the
world (in terms of value) and North America is the second largest
oil producing area after the Middle East
• North America is the third largest continent in area and is fourth in
population, with 74% of its population living in urban areas
• In the United States there are 155 national forests (protected forests and
woodland areas) containing almost 190 000 000 acres (769 000 km2) of
land that comprise 8.5% of the total land area with Alaska alone
accounting for 12% of all National Forest land
• North America holds about 13 per cent of the world's renewable
freshwater (excluding glaciers and ice caps)

20. Regional Geography