Bureaucratic reform has been declared a priority in Indonesia to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The government has identified five major problems with the current bureaucracy: overly large and overlapping organizational structures, lack of competent staff, poor coordination between administrative systems, low quality public services, and overlapping laws. To address these, the government is accelerating reforms through nine programs until 2014, including restructuring organizations and staffing, improving selection processes, increasing professionalism, strengthening e-government, and enhancing accountability and integrity. The goal is to minimize issues and build public trust in government through a more efficient and effective administration.
Problems and challenges of public administration in Bangladesh: pathway to su...Premier Publishers
The paper seeks to find out the major problems and prospects of public administration in Bangladesh and pathway to Sustainable Development. The Public Administration in Bangladesh still faced by corruption, violence, absence of rule of law, outdated laws, non transparency, lack of professionalism, abuse of human rights, non accountability, and serious politicization of all government institutions even the judicial system. The study is descriptive in nature which is based on extensive literature review and secondary sources. It is observed that we need a group of educated expert administrator and strong political leadership with commitment to fight against corruption, non accountability, non transparency and inefficiency. The implementation of rule of law with strong moral ground is necessary for ensuring good governance and sustainable development. The findings of the study will help administrator, public, student, researcher, political leaders and policy makers for designing future sustainable development policy and program.
OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONS OF NIGERIA'S NATIONAL ASSEMBLY; 2011 - 2015 Yagana Bintube (MNIM)
A STUDY ON THE OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONS OF NIGERIA'S NATIONAL ASSEMBLY; 2011 - 2015 BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER IN SCIENCE DEGREE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS, DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA, NIGERIA.
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vision to construct new format of regional autonomy in Indonesia: keeping local authorities democratic through empowerment of local institution
The-12th Indonesian Scientific Meeting, Osaka University, September 6-7, 2003, held and published by Indonesian Student Association (PPI)
Tri Widodo W. Utomo
Department of International Cooperation, Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-0861, Japan
Significant changes with little progress: evaluation on the 3 rd year of the ...Tri Widodo W. UTOMO
Tri Widodo W. Utomo
Department of International Cooperation, Graduate School of International Development,
Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-0861, Japan
Proceeding Temu Ilmiah XII, 2003, Gifu University: held and published by Indonesian Student Association (PPI)
The cost of federal legislation in nigeriastatisense
How PRODUCTIVE is the National Assembly?
This presentation explores budgetary allocations to the National Assembly since 1999 till date, and compares it with States Budgets, Federal Ministries & Agencies Budgets, as well as determine its ranking on a national budget scale
Toward a world class bureaucracy in digital areaDr. Zar Rdj
GENERAL REASONS OF PUBLIC DISTRUST
1. Power Abuse Or Misuse
2. Policy Failure
3. Lack Of Public Service Quality
4. Outdated Government Systems
5. Scandals Or Corruptions
6. Official’s Mistake, Improper Words
RULE OF LAW IN MYANMAR AND CURRENT SITUATION 2018MYO AUNG Myanmar
RULE OF LAW IN MYANMAR AND CURRENT SITUATION
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Union Attorney General Revokes Court’s Decision to Drop Investigation into Comedian’s Killing
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Court Bans Media from Taking Photos of Military Officer’s Wife
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High-Profile Arms Case Handed over To Naypyitaw Court
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Political Violence and the Sustenance of Democracy In Nigeriaiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Problems and challenges of public administration in Bangladesh: pathway to su...Premier Publishers
The paper seeks to find out the major problems and prospects of public administration in Bangladesh and pathway to Sustainable Development. The Public Administration in Bangladesh still faced by corruption, violence, absence of rule of law, outdated laws, non transparency, lack of professionalism, abuse of human rights, non accountability, and serious politicization of all government institutions even the judicial system. The study is descriptive in nature which is based on extensive literature review and secondary sources. It is observed that we need a group of educated expert administrator and strong political leadership with commitment to fight against corruption, non accountability, non transparency and inefficiency. The implementation of rule of law with strong moral ground is necessary for ensuring good governance and sustainable development. The findings of the study will help administrator, public, student, researcher, political leaders and policy makers for designing future sustainable development policy and program.
OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONS OF NIGERIA'S NATIONAL ASSEMBLY; 2011 - 2015 Yagana Bintube (MNIM)
A STUDY ON THE OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONS OF NIGERIA'S NATIONAL ASSEMBLY; 2011 - 2015 BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER IN SCIENCE DEGREE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS, DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA, NIGERIA.
THE WORK DISSECTS THE OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONS OF THE 7TH SESSION AND EVALUATES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OVERSIGHT TOOL IN DELIVERY GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE NIGERIA'S FOURTH REPUBLIC DEMOCRATIC DISPENSATION. IT LOOKS FURTHER TO HIGHLIGHT THE CHALLENGES, PROFFER DEEP ROOTED RECOMMENDATIONS AND PROJECT THE FUTURE PROSPECTS OF THE OVERSIGHT TOOL IN ACHIEVING DEMOCRATIC SUCCESS, RESPONSIBLE, RESPONSIVE, TRANSPARENT AND ACCOUNTABLE GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA.
vision to construct new format of regional autonomy in Indonesia: keeping local authorities democratic through empowerment of local institution
The-12th Indonesian Scientific Meeting, Osaka University, September 6-7, 2003, held and published by Indonesian Student Association (PPI)
Tri Widodo W. Utomo
Department of International Cooperation, Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-0861, Japan
Significant changes with little progress: evaluation on the 3 rd year of the ...Tri Widodo W. UTOMO
Tri Widodo W. Utomo
Department of International Cooperation, Graduate School of International Development,
Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-0861, Japan
Proceeding Temu Ilmiah XII, 2003, Gifu University: held and published by Indonesian Student Association (PPI)
The cost of federal legislation in nigeriastatisense
How PRODUCTIVE is the National Assembly?
This presentation explores budgetary allocations to the National Assembly since 1999 till date, and compares it with States Budgets, Federal Ministries & Agencies Budgets, as well as determine its ranking on a national budget scale
Toward a world class bureaucracy in digital areaDr. Zar Rdj
GENERAL REASONS OF PUBLIC DISTRUST
1. Power Abuse Or Misuse
2. Policy Failure
3. Lack Of Public Service Quality
4. Outdated Government Systems
5. Scandals Or Corruptions
6. Official’s Mistake, Improper Words
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https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/union-attorney-general-revokes-courts-decision-drop-investigation-comedians-killing.html
Union Attorney General Revokes Court’s Decision to Drop Investigation into Comedian’s Killing
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Court Bans Media from Taking Photos of Military Officer’s Wife
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High-Profile Arms Case Handed over To Naypyitaw Court
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Political Violence and the Sustenance of Democracy In Nigeriaiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Our report Busting Bureaucracy – collaborative audit findings and recommendations highlights the significant and costly effects which result if data collections are not effectively controlled and managed.
It makes recommendations to prevent and improve this situation. We have produced a self-assessment toolkit to support the implementation of the recommendations, as well as the top ten tips.
Understanding Bureaucracy in Public AdministrationHAFIZUDIN YAHAYA
Basic noted for you to understand the concept and practice of bureaucracy in government administration. what is the factors that lead to failure of bureaucracy and how to enhance the better management in public policy.
"Implementation Of The National Parliament" Lofap "To Improve Performance Of ...inventionjournals
Policy National Parliament "LOFAP" is legislation governing the administration of the General Secretariat of the National Parliament of East Timor aims to improve the performance of civil servants in the Secretariat General and the implementation of Law No. 15/2008 on Lei Organica de Funcionamento e administração Parlamentar provide motivation for civil servants in carrying out the work that improve employee performance and increase employee career, eventually will drive the achievement of organizational objectives, the implementation of Law No. 15/2008 on the General Secretariat because the civil servant status at the General Secretariat in contrast to civil servants in general in East Timor. The purpose of research, first: to describe and analyze the indicators of performance evaluation of civil servants in the Secretariat General under PP Regime 19/2011 on do Desempenho da Avaliação dos Trabalhadores da administração Pública. The second: to determine and analyze the efforts undertaken by the General Secretariat after the implementation of Law No. 15/2008 to improve the performance of civil servants and the third: to describe and analyze the factors supporting and hindering the implementation of Law No. 15 in 2015 to improve performance civil servants in the Secretariat General. This research used a qualitative research with descriptive approach. The data collection was done by using interviews, observation and documentation. Data validation was done based on four criteria, namely: 1) Credibility, 2) Keteralihan, 3) Addiction, and 4) Certainty. The process of the data analysis used a technical data analysis interactive model of Milles and Hubberman in Saldana. The results of this study revealed that in evaluating the performance of civil servants in the General Secretariat by PP. No. 19/2011, the General Secretariat can effort to improve the performance of civil servants such as Resources, Bureaucratic Structure, Training and Comparative Studies, and Financial Resources. Enabling and inhibiting factors, among others: supporting factors that Financial Resources and Infrastructures. While, some factor obstacle in improving the performance of civil servants, namely Communications, Disposition and time civil servants in the Secretariat General of Parliament.
This paper which I presented at a training program provides invaluable input into the concept, principles, features of Public Sector Reforms. It also explores the role of international organisations in PSR.
Speech by Luiz de Mello, OECD, given at the conference on The Principles of Public Administration: A framework for ENP countries. The event was co-organised by SIGMA with the Jordanian Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation and the EU, it took place at the Dead Sea, Jordan 10 May 2016.
This study aims to analyze the effect of the human development
index and financial performance on accountability through
transparency of the Indonesian government. The main theory
used in this research is Institutional Theory, supported by
Stakeholder Theory, and Agency Theory. A purposive sampling
technique was used in this study, then the final sample was 330
from the number of provinces in Indonesia for the category
Indonesian open budget transparency within 10 years, data was
obtained by grouping through a method of Internet search from
government websites and the Central Bureau of Statistics in
Indonesia. Collected data were processed with the use of tool
analysis descriptive quantitatively using the SEM method. The
results of this study found that Human Development Index and
General Allocation Fund had a significant effect, while Original
Local Government Revenue did not have a significant effect on
accountability through transparency, this research became a
reference for further researchers, and as a reference material for
provincial governments in determining policy
Building Good Governance through Decentralization in IndonesiaTri Widodo W. UTOMO
Book Chapter dari buku berjudul "Limits of Good Governance in Developing Countries", by Hirotsune Kimura et.al. (Ed),
Diterbitkan oleh Gadjah Mada University Press, 2011
Performance Measurement System Effectiveness and PublicPrivate Partnership As...iosrjce
The paper assess whether government participation in public-private partnership has brought
improved service delivery and efficiency in governance. The operations of government like any other private
institutions require continuous evaluation in the form of performance measurement system for improvement,
satisfaction of customers, employees and stakeholders. Data was administered Lagos waste management
authority and public. The extent of efficiency in service delivery and governance; and the effectiveness of
performance measurement usage were measured using an index computed from questionnaire items. The data
was subjected to Mann-Whitney independent sample test. Significant differences were observed in the
assessment of staff and the public on public-private partnership service delivery efficiency. The public
confirmed that waste service delivery is efficient as it had yielded quality service and cleaner environment. The
study recommended therefore that for continued public confidence in governance, efficiency in service delivery
and the use of performance measurement techniques should not be undermined or sacrificed for political gains.
This can be facilitated through conscientious monitoring of the outsourced services.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...
Bureaucratic Problem
1. Nama Assisten : Indy Harist Sandy Nama : Dimas Wahyu Pratama
Furi Alifiari NIM : C54140078
NIM : G24100020 Kelompok : Gaga-gili (2)
G74120064
Baccelerating Bureaucratic
Reform
Eko Prasojo, Jakarta | Opinion | Tue, June 05 2012, 9:29 AM
Opinion
Bureaucratic reform has been declared a priority during the administration of
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. It is not an easy job indeed, as it concerns
both structural and cultural changes.
Since the Cabinet reshuffle in October last year, the administrative reforms
minister has formulated a strategy to accelerate bureaucratic reform phase 1 until
2014, refining what has been stipulated in the Grand Design of Bureaucratic
Reform 2025 as well as the Roadmap 2010-2014.
Indonesian bureaucracy is facing at least five major problems. The first is the
oversized organizational structure of ministries and agencies as well as local
governments, which not only causes severe inefficiency, but also the overlapping
and ineffectiveness in service, governance and development.
The excessive amount of human resources, increasing routine expenditure for
apparatus and difficulties in achieving strategic targets are a result of the oversize.
In the era of decentralization, such organizational structure is no longer rational
and contradicts the necessity to run government services properly. Regional
governments, however, maintain an oversized bureaucracy in order to adopt
political interests and gain cash from the central government, which requires the
presence of certain organizational structures.
The second problem is the competence of the apparatus. Indonesian bureaucracy
is suffering from overstaffing and understaffing. It has a significant number of
apparatuses, yet when a specific competence is needed; it is hard to find someone
within the structure who meets the requirement. Generally, Indonesian civil
servants do not possess specific competence but a very general competence,
which makes them known as general administrators.
The syndrome is contributing somewhat to creating a gap between Java and other
regions, both in terms of quantity and quality. The other problem concerning the
2. apparatus is the poor integrity and mentality of most of the civil servants. This
phenomenon is more a systemic disease, which creates corrupt mentality and poor
integrity.
The third problem is the mismatch between various sub-systems of state
administration, which includes the planning system, budgeting system, good and
service procurement system, delivery of public service systems and performance
accountability report systems. These incompatibilities make it hard to measure the
outcome and impact of all series of government, development and public service
process.
Occasionally, what has been planned does not correlate with the budget; nor is it
derived into sub-activities directed toward the achievement of outcomes.
Indonesia’s bureaucratic performance is still very much oriented toward output,
instead of outcome, let alone impact. In many cases, sub-activities are made only
to create a pretext for business trips and additional income.
The fourth problem is the poor quality of most public services. Apart from the
absence of clear operational standards, the public service in Indonesia is
characterized by levies and an ignorance of the constitutional rights of the
citizens. The mechanism for public complaints is only available at a formal level,
but without follow-up action. The fifth problem is the overlapping laws both
vertically and horizontally, which complicate coordination and cooperation
among government agencies at the central and local levels.
Bureaucratic reform acceleration strategies must therefore be directed toward
addressing and solving the five fundamental problems. At the macro level, the
government needs to improve various national regulation frameworks both in
forms of legislation and government regulation. Bureaucratic reform should take
shape in the development of integrated systems from various kinds of existing
sub-systems, and theutilization of information and communication technology.
At the micro level, bureaucratic reform must be conducted by each ministry,
agency and local government in eight different ways. Since its inception in 2006
at the Finance Ministry, bureaucratic reform is bound by the performance
allowance policy. However, this policy has many weaknesses, such as a poor
awareness among officials of the importance of real bureaucratic reform which is
still perceived as merely document requirements to earn
performance allowance.
Therefore, bureaucratic reform at the micro level (ministry and agency) will be
refined by applying a performance system that is based on individual performance
(pay for individual performance). Ministries and agencies are also encouraged to
use the Electronic Goods Procurement Service (LPSE) to enhance financial
efficiency that later can be used to pay performance allowance.
3. The ongoing bureaucratic reforms aim for the creation of an efficient and effective
government, competent and competitive state apparatus, an open, informative and
communicative technology-based government, and a participative government.
There have been nine bureaucratic reform acceleration programs set up to be
implemented until 2014. The bureaucratic reform acceleration program is directed
to minimize various basic bureaucratic problems.
The first is the organizational restructuring of ministries, agencies and local
governments, aimed at reducing the overlap among the structures. Organizational
restructuring will also be implemented through the reduction of echelon three and
four structures in a gradual and selective manner.
The second is the restructuring of the number and distribution of employees
through the recalculation of workloads and the need for a civil apparatus at each
government agency. New formation will depend on the reassessment of workload
and employee career planning.
The third is an open system of selection and promotion using technology and
assessment centers. The fourth is the enhancement of the apparatus’
professionalism through the setting of competency standards, competency tests,
competency-based training, performance measurements and the strengthening of
functional position. This system will be incorporated in an integrated competency-
based human resource management program.
The fifth is the strengthening of e-government through the creation of a
government resource management system that integrates planning, budgeting and
performance reporting systems.
The sixth is the improvement of the quality of services by developing public
service standards, public satisfaction index, as well as public complaints and
follow-up systems at the national level.
The seventh is the improvement of state apparatus accountability and integrity
systems through the integrity zone, namely extending the wealth report, code of
ethics enforcement, conflict of interest handling, whistle blower system, post-
employment policy, and the tracking of questionable account transactions.
The eighth is the improvement to payroll systems, welfare systems and retirement
systems for state apparatus.The ninth is the enhancement of government
efficiency by re-regulating matters concerning the use of infrastructure, such as
the office position and facilities.The realization of this basic acceleration strategy
will push bureaucratic reforms beyond rhetoric so as to build public trust in the
government and the state.
The writer is Deputy Administrative Reforms Minister
4. The Questions:
1. According on The reading. Could you make a conclusion based on your
knowledges in Bureaucratic and organization in social views?
2. Must every country in the world has a specific in Bureaucratic and
Organization?
3. Based on the reading, we knew that indonesia government has Faced at
least five major problems in Bureaucratic. According your opinion, can
you find the same criteria in five major problems above with
Bureaucratism criteria? Give some reasons on your answer.
4. Based on your knowledge about three types on Organization and
Bureaucratic. Can you put the social facts in the reading into one of three
types on Organization and Bureaucratic? Give the statement for strengthen
your opinion.
5. The Resume :
Baccelerating Bureaucratic Reform
Bureaucratic reform has been declared a priority during the administration of
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Since the Cabinet reshuffle in October last
year, the administrative reforms minister has formulated a strategy to accelerate
bureaucratic reform phase 1 until 2014, refining what has been stipulated in the
Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform 2025 as well as the Roadmap 2010-2014.
Indonesian bureaucracy is facing at least five major problems. The first is the
oversized organizational structure of ministries and agencies as well as local
governments, which not only causes severe inefficiency, but also the overlapping
and ineffectiveness in service, governance and development. The second problem
is the competence of the apparatus. Indonesian bureaucracy is suffering from
overstaffing and understaffing. The third problem is the mismatch between
various sub-systems of state administration, which includes the planning system,
budgeting system, good and service procurement system, delivery of public
service systems and performance accountability report systems. The fourth
problem is the poor quality of most public services. The fifth problem is the
overlapping laws both vertically and horizontally, which complicate coordination
and cooperation among government agencies at the central and local levels.
Bureaucratic reform acceleration strategies must therefore be directed toward
addressing and solving the five fundamental problems. At the macro level, the
government needs to improve various national regulation frameworks both in
forms of legislation and government regulation. At the micro level, bureaucratic
reform must be conducted by each ministry, agency and local government in eight
different ways.
There have been nine bureaucratic reform acceleration programs set up to be
implemented until 2014. The bureaucratic reform acceleration program is directed
to minimize various basic bureaucratic problems.
The first is the organizational restructuring of ministries, agencies and local
governments, aimed at reducing the overlap among the structures. The second is
the restructuring of the number and distribution of employees. The third is an
open system of selection and promotion using technology and assessment centers.
The fourth is the enhancement of the apparatus’ professionalism. The fifth is the
strengthening of e-government through the creation of a government resource
management system. The sixth is the improvement of the quality of services. The
seventh is the improvement of state apparatus accountability and integrity
systems. The eighth is the improvement to payroll systems.The ninth is the
enhancement of government efficiency by re-regulating matters concerning the
use of infrastructure.
6. The Answers in Bahasa Indonesia :
1. Birokrasi termasuk kedalam organisasi kompleks yang berkaitan dengan
lembaga pemerintah dan pelaksanaannya yang berbelit-belit dan kurang
tersusun secara rapi.
Organisasi adalah sebuah wadah untuk mengelompokan manusia yang
dibentuk untuk mencapai suatu tujuan tertentu dengan efektif dan efisien.
2. Harus, karena Negara merupakan suatu organisasi yang kompleks
sehingga dibutuhkan lembaga yang mengurusi segala urusan untuk
memenuhi kebutuhan warga negaranya agar mencapai suatu tujuan dengan
efektif dan efisien.
3. Birokratisme adalah tindakan pelaku birokrasi yang menyimpang atau
tidak sesuai dengan maksud dan tujuannya. Berdasarkan bacaan di atas,
yang termasuk ke dalam birokratisme yaitu terlalu besarnya struktur di
dalam lembaga birokrasi tersebut yang menyebabkan tidak efisien dan
efektif, para pelaku birokrasi yang kurang mumpuni dalam bidang
tersebut, dan banyak system yang masih buruk, seperti system
perencanaan, system pelayanan public, dan lain-lain.
4. Di dalam bacaan di atas ada terdapat beberapa fakta sosial diantaranya
jumlah para pelaku birokrasi yang tidak efektif dan juga kemampuannya
yang kurang mumpuni. Selain itu ada juga permasalahan tentang
kurangnya keefektifan system dalam pelayanan public, koordinasi antar
lembaga yang kurang baik, dan lain-lain.
Berdasarkan fakta-fakta sosial yang telah dijelaskan, bahwa dapat
disimpulkan bentuk organisasi dan birokrasinya adalah jejaring kolaborasi,
karena bentuk organisasi atau birokrasi tersebut mempunya tujuan yang
sama yaitu untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat, dan bentuk birokrasi ini
terdapat banyak pihak atau lembaga yang berbeda tetapi dalam mencapai
tujuannya pihak-pihak yang bersangkutan saling bekerjasama agar tujuan
tersebut dapat tercapai.