The document discusses various techniques for solid waste disposal and treatment including dumping, landfilling, composting, incineration, and recycling. Landfilling techniques include trench, ramp, and area methods. Composting can be done through various methods like Bangalore, mechanical, and vermicomposting. Incineration reduces waste volume by combustion and has different types like refuse-derived fuel and mass burn. Recycling processes used materials into new products to reduce consumption of raw materials and pollution. Common materials recycled include metals like steel and tin cans, and paper products.

1. Solid Waste Disposal & Treatment
Abdul Majid (5961)
Aizaz Hussain (5959)
Hasnain Khan (5956)
Department of Civil Engineering
Abasyn University Peshawar

2. Plan of Presentation
Introduction to waste disposal
Techniques of waste disposal
oDumping
oLandfill
oComposting
oIncineration
Recylcing

3. Proper disposition of a discarded or discharged material in accordance with local environmental
guidelines or laws”. (BUSINESS DICTIONARY)
Mid-1950s era was emphasis on a disposable life style.
•Wave of the future
•Way to reduce household duties.
Introduction to Waste Disposal

4. Waste Disposal

5. Disposal
Sanitary
Method
Landfill
Incineration
Composting
Insanitary
Method Dumping
Waste Disposal Techniques

6. Dumping
Refuse is dumped in low lying areas.
As a result of bacterial action, refuse
decreases considerably in volume and is
converted gradually into humus.
Drawback: is exposed to files and
Rodents.
Pollution of surface and ground water.

7. Land Fill
Different types like:-
•Trench Method: Used for leveled ground, 2-3m deep and 4-12m wide.
•Refuse is compacted and covered with excavated earth.
•Ramp Method: Well suited where terrain is moderately sloping.
•Small excavations are usually done.
•Area Method: Filling land depressions.
•2-2.5m deep. Each layer is sealed at least 30cm

8. Land Fill
Trench Method Area Method

9. Method of combined disposal of refuse and night soil or sludge.
Composting
Organic
Matter
Bacterial
Action
Humus like
material
Manurial
value for soil

10. 3 types:
1. Bangalore Method: Anaerobic composting; also called “Hot fermentation process.
Composting

11. 2. Mechanical Composting :
Composting

12. 3. Vermicomposting : Disposal of Kitchen and plate wastes.
Composting

13. Incineration
Solid organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert them into residue and gaseous
products.
Applied where suitable landfill site is not available.
Reduce size of SW to 20-30% of the original vol.
Disadvantage: Air Pollution

14. Incinerator types−
•Refuse-Derived Fuel : Refuse is sorted to remove recyclable and unburnable materials.
•Mass Burn : Everything smaller than major furniture and appliances loaded into furnace.
Incineration

15. Recycle is processing of used materials into new products.
It reduce−
Consumption of fresh raw materials
Energy usage
Pollution
Recycling

16. Recycling of Solid Waste
Recycling refers to the collection and reprocess of waste materials.
Many of the materials we consider as waste can actually be reprocessed and used for
recycling for new products in order to protect our environment and our planet.
Materials for recycling may be collected separately from general waste using
dedicated bins.

17. What we can Recycle
Metals
o Recycling steel and tin cans saves 74% of the energy used to produce them.
Paper
o Recycling of waste paper/Newspaper
o used to produce
otissue paper, paperboard,
ostationery, magazines and
o other paper products.