This document discusses storage devices used in computing. It describes primary and secondary storage devices, with RAM and hard disks as examples. Solid state drives (SSDs) are introduced as a new generation of storage that uses flash memory instead of mechanical components. SSDs access data much faster than hard disk drives and are more durable. The document outlines the history and development of SSD technology from the 1970s to present. Benefits of SSDs include faster load times, durability, lower energy use, and better performance for applications like gaming, mobility, and servers. However, SSDs remain more expensive than hard disk drives and have smaller storage capacities on average.

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JINNAH UNIVERSITY FOR WOMEN
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
ASSIGNMENT
NAME
WAJIHA MUHAMMAD ISMAIL
DEGREE PROGRAM
BS-COMMERCE (II)
SUBJECT
APPLICATION TO COMPUTER
(C.SC 2051)
SUBMISSION DATE:
March 29, 2020
SUBMITTED TO:
MISS RABIA MUHAMMAD ALI

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Storage device
Storage devices are those devices which is used to store data. It can be internal and external to
a computer; it can hold data temporary or permanently. It is very helpful to the user for working
in a future, if once she stored in a storage device. It also helps in a way that it will still exist
after shutdown the computer.
Types of storage devices
There are two types of storage devices:
1. Primary storage devices
 It holds data temporary.
 They are internal storage.
 Example: Cache memory and RAM.
2. Secondary storage devices
 It holds data permanently.
 They are either internal or external storage.
 Example: Hard disk and USB (Universal Serial Bus).
SSD (solid-state drive)
A solid-state drive (SSD) used in a computer to store data. It is a new generation of storage
device. Due to a flash-based memory in solid-state drives (SSDs) which is expressively faster,
it is replaced by mechanical hard disks. Older hard disk technologies work slower, which made
your computer slower. SSDs speed-up computers expressively by taking low read access time
and giving fast output.
For years, data was stored primarily on mechanical hard drives. These HDDs (hard disk drives)
are generally based on moving parts, like a read or write head that goes to and for, to gather
data. This makes HDDs (hard disk drives) the possible computer hardware component to fail.

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The new solid-state drives work fully inversely. They use a simple memory chip called NAND
flash memory, which has no moving parts and near-instant access times.
History of the SSD
 Devices like the SSDs we use today being introduced in the 1970s. The initial SSDs
used core and DRAM technologies to store data.
 For example, Dataram released the first SSD called the BULK CORE in 1976. The
bulky device was only capable of storing 2 MB of storage.
 The first semiconductor storage SSD was the StorageTek STC 4305 that was released
in 1978 and could store 45 MB and cost $400,000.
 Flash memory was later introduced and developed in the 1980s and covered way for
the introduction of the first commercial flash-based SSD released by SanDisk in 1991.
The SanDisk SSD was a 20 MB PCMCIA and offered for around $1,000.
Later SanDisk (earlier SanDisk) released the first SSD with PATA interfaces in 1998.
 Since SSDs were first released they have since been severely improved upon, prices
have gone down, and offer storage capacities of over 2 TB for home computers.

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Benefits
Solid state drives (SSDs) deliver quicker load times for games, applications, and
movies. Because of the technology they use Solid state Drives (SSDs) are better able to survive
movement and droppage. Furthermore, solid state drives use less energy, permitting computers
to run cooler.
SSDs have specific benefits in the following areas:
 Business: Companies working with huge amounts of data (such as programming
environments or data analysis) often rely on SSDs, as access times and file-transfer
speeds are critical.
 Gaming: Gaming computers have always pressed the limits of current computing
technology, justifying relatively expensive equipment for the benefit of gaming
performance. That is particularly true for storage, as modern blockbuster games
constantly load and write files (e.g. textures, maps, levels, characters).
 Mobility: SSDs have low power requirements, thus contributing to better battery life
in laptops and tablets. SSDs are also shock resistant, which reduces the chances of data
loss when mobile devices are dropped.
 Servers: Enterprise servers need SSDs to get fast reads and writes in order to properly
serve their client PCs.
Drawbacks
Solid-state drives (SSDs) are newer technology and they are more expensive than Hard Disk
Drives (HDDs). Even though they are catching up, it can be tougher to find large-capacity solid
state drives. Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) can be as much as 2.5 times larger.