This document discusses solar energy and solar power plants. It describes how solar radiation is harnessed using technologies like solar heating and photovoltaics. A basic solar power plant has solar collectors that concentrate sunlight, a butane boiler that generates steam using the heated water from collectors, a turbine turned by the steam to generate electricity, and a condenser to cool the steam. Solar energy can be used for applications like water pumping, heating, drying, and power generation. It has advantages of being renewable and pollution-free but is only intermittently available.

1. SOLAR POWER
PLANT
SUBMITTED BY
Sindhu Nathan
1st ece ‘b’ sec

3. WHAT IS SOLAR ENERGY?
SOLAR ENERGY RADIANT LIGHT AND HEAT FROM
THE SUN IS HARDNESSED USING A RANGE OF
EVER-EVOLVING TECHNOLOGIES.
 SUCH AS SOLAR HEATING, SOLAR
PHOTOVOLTAICS, SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY,
SOLAR ARICHITECTURE AND ARITIFICAL
PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

4. BASIC PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR ENEGY
Solar radiation is reduce in intensity in
the atmosphere by dust,clouds,haze
and fog.
The radiation strikes a solid or liquid, it
is absorbed and transformed in to heat
energy.

5. The heat energy is collected in a fluid
generally water.
This energy can be used in a solar
heater or drier or can trated type
collector is used to collect or parabolic
concentrated the solar energy.

6. ARRANGEMENT
OF SOLAR
POWER PLANT

7. SOLAR COLLECTOR
FLAT PLATE COLLECTOR.
CYLINDRICAL PARABOLIC
CONCENTRATOR COLLECTOR.

9. FLAT PLATE COLLECTOR
 Head is from the absorber plate to water which is
circulated in the copper tubes through the flat plate
collector.
 It is placed facing the general drection of the sun.
 Material used for plate is copper, steel or aluminium.
 The thickness of the plate is 1to 2mm.
 Front cover is made up of glass and transparent to the
incoming solar radiation.

11. Cylindrical parabolic concentraor
collector
 Concentrator collectors are reflecting type utillising
mirrors.
 The reflecting surface is parabolic mirror.
 The solar energy falling on the collector surface is
rereflected and foccused along a absorber tube.
 Large quantity of energy falling on the collector
surface is collected over a small surface.
 The temperature of the absorber fluid is very higher
than flat plate collector.

14. Butane boiler
The water heated in flat plate solar
collector to 80*c is used for boiling
butane at high pressure in the butane
boiler.
Boiling point of butane is about 50*c.

15. TURBINE

16. TURBINE
 The butane vapor generated at high pressure in the
boilers used to run the vapour turbine which drives
electrical generator.
 The vapour coming out of the turbine at low pressure
is codensed in a condenser using water.
 The condensed liquid butane is fed back to the butane
boiler using feed pump.

18. Tower concept of power
generation
 The tower concept consists of an array of plane mirrors
or heliostats are individually cotrolled to reflect
radiations from the sun in to boiler mounted on a 500
metres high tower.
 Steam is generated in the boiler temperature up to
2000*k.
 Electricity is generated by passing stream through the
turbine coupled to a generator.

19. Application of solar energy
 SOLAR ENGINES FOR WATER PUMPING.
 SOLAR WATER HEATERS.
 SOLAR COOKERS.
 SOLAR DRIERS.
 SOLAR FURNACES.
 PHOTO-VOLTAIC CONVERSION(SOLAR CELLS)
 SOLAR POWER GENERATION.

20. ADVANTAGES
 Sun is essentially an infinite source of energy. The solar
energy is a very large inexhaustible and renewable
source of energy.
 It is enviromentally very clean and is hence pollution
free.
 It is dependaple energy source without new
requirements of highly technical and specilaised
nature for its wide sperad utilization.
 It is the best alternative for the rapid depletion of fossil
fuels.

21. Disavantages
 It is available in a dilute form and is at low potential.
The intensity of solar energy on sunny day india is
about 1.1kw/metre area.
 Solar energy is not available at night or during cloudy
or rainy days.