Solar power, ways to generate, how it works

2. MAIN FOCUS
 What is Solar Power?
 What are Solar Panels?
 Structure of a solar panel
 Photovoltaic system and CSP
 Power shortage in Pakistan
 Worldwide usage
 And how solar panels can help save Pakistan
from the Power crisis!

3. SOLAR POWER
 Solar power means the power obtained from
the sun
 It’s a renewable source of energy
 Solar power is used as a driving force via
solar cells or CSP.
 CSP is concentrated solar power

4. SOLAR PANELS
 Solar panels are a
small part of a large
photovoltaic system.
 Also called
photovoltaic cells or
solar modules.
 Solar cells are made
up of wafer-based
crystalline silicon
cells.
 These cells can be
made up of either

5. STRUCTURE OF A SOLAR
PANEL
 Protection Layer: Usually made from
glass, though in thin-film modules this can
also be transparent plastic.
 Front Contact: The electric contact at the
front, has to be transparent, as otherwise,
light would not get into the cell.
 Absorption Material: The heart of the
module is the layer where the light is
absorbed and converted into electric
current. All materials used are
semiconductors.
 Metal back contact: A conductor at the
back completes the electric circuitry.
 Laminate Film: A laminate ensures that
the structure is water-proof and insolated
from heat.
 Back glass: This layer gives protection on
the back side of the module. It may be
glass, it may also be made of aluminum or
plastic.
 Connectors: Finally, the module is fitted
with connectors and cables, so it can be
wired.

6. BASIS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC
SYSTEM
 A photovoltaic system
works on the principle
of the Photoelectric
Effect.

8. Sunlight Solar cells
Formation of
DC voltage
Storage of
DC in a
battery
Inverter
Conversion
to AC
Voltage
Supply to
concerned
device

9. CONCENTRATED SOLAR
POWER
 Concentrated solar power
is a photovoltaic system
sans the solar cells.
 It is also
called concentrating solar
power, concentrated solar
thermal or CSP.
 This system uses mirrors
or lenses to concentrate
sunlight onto a small area.
 CSP is used to drive heat
turbines.

10. Sunlight Mirrors/lenses
Concentration
upon small area
Conversion of
solar energy into
thermal energy
Thermal energy
used to drive a
heat engine
Electrical power
generator
Electrical Energy

11. Power Crisis in Pakistan
 Power generation in 2007 fell by 6000
MWatt.
 Total installed electricity capacity is
19855 MWatt.
 Total required capacity is

12. SOLAR POWERED STADIUM

13. FLOWER POWER

14. SOLAR POWERED DESERT STRUCTURE

15. SOLAR POWERED PLANE

16. SOLAR PAINT

17. SOLAR PYRAMID

18. Worldwide Usage
Solar power has become a focus in
the US, Spain, Australia and many
other countries.
Huge CSP plants have been
installed along with individual
photovoltaic systems.
The overall capacity of worldwide
CSP systems is 2135.55 Mega Watt.

19.  Solar energy is also frequently used for
transportation signaling, solar geysers, solar
heaters,

20.  Solar Power is used in environmental monitoring
equipment and corrosion protection systems for
pipelines, well-heads, bridges, and other
structures.
 In developing regions, central power plants can
provide electricity to homes via a local wired
network.
 Other technologies also exist, such as Stirling engine dishes
which use a Stirling cycle engine to power a generator.

21. THANKYOU