The document summarizes information about solar power, including its advantages and disadvantages. It discusses how solar cells and panels work to convert sunlight into electricity. The history section describes India's Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission launched in 2010 to install 20,000 megawatts of grid-connected solar power by 2022 and promote solar energy applications. The future section continues that the mission aims to catalyze accessible and affordable solar technologies to power India's growing economy.

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2. contents
 INTRODUCTION-SUN
SOLAR POWER
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF SOLAR POWER
SOLAR CELLS
SOLAR PANELS
HISTORY
PRESENT
FUTURE
GRATITUDE

3. introduction
The Sun is the star at the center of the solar system. It is almost perfectly
spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields.
Sunlight is Earth's primary source of energy. Sunlight at the top of Earth's
atmosphere is composed (by total energy) of about 50% infrared light, 40%
visible light, and 10% ultraviolet light.

4. SOLAR POWER
Solar power is energy from
the sun and without its
presence all life on earth
would end. Solar energy
has been looked upon as
a serious source of
energy for many years
because of the vast
amounts of energy that
are made freely
available, if harnessed
by modern technology.

5. ADVANTAGES
1. Solar energy is free.
2. Solar energy does not cause pollution
3. Solar energy can be used in remote areas where it
is expensive to extend the electricity power grid.
4. Many everyday items such as calculators and other
low power consuming devices can be powered by solar
energy effectively.
5. It is estimated that the world’s oil reserves will
last for 30-40 years. On the other hand, solar energy
is infinite (forever).

6. DISADVANTAGES
1. Solar energy can only be harnessed when it is daytime and
sunny.
2. Solar collectors, panels and cells are relatively expensive to
manufacture.
4. In countries such as the UK, the unreliable climate means
that solar energy is also unreliable as a source of energy.
5. Large areas of land are required to capture the suns
energy.
6. Solar power is used to charge batteries. However, the
batteries are large and heavy and need storage space. They
also need replacing from time to time.

7. The solar cells that you see on calculators and satellites are
also called photovoltaic (PV) cells, which as the name
implies (photo meaning "light" and voltaic meaning
"electricity"), convert sunlight directly into electricity. A
module is a group of cells connected electrically and
packaged into a frame (more commonly known as a solar
panel), which can then be grouped into larger solar arrays.

8. The solar cell works in several steps:
• Photons in sunlight hit the solar panel and are absorbed by
semiconducting materials, such as silicon.
• Electrons are excited from their current molecular/atomic
orbital. Once excited an electron can either dissipate the energy
as heat and return to its orbital or travel through the cell until it
reaches an electrode. Current flows through the material to
cancel the potential and this electricity is captured.
• An array of solar cells converts solar energy into a usable
amount of direct current (DC) electricity.
• An inverter can convert the power to alternating current
How they work

9. SOLAR PANELS
A solar panel is a set of
solar photovoltaic (PV) modules
electrically connected and mounted on a
supporting structure.
Solar modules use light energy (photons)
from the sun to generate electricity
through the photovoltaic effect.

10. HISTORY
The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (also
known as the National Solar Mission) is a major
initiative of the Government of India and State
Governments to promote ecologically sustainable
growth while addressing India’s energy security
challenges. It will also constitute a major contribution
by India to the global effort to meet the challenges of
climate change. Named for Jawaharlal Nehru, the
Mission is one of the several initiatives that are part
of National Action Plan on Climate Change.
United States filed a case with WTO against India for
restricting the critical materials used to domestic
content.

11. future
India’s National Solar Mission, launched in 2010, seeks
to catalyze widely accessible and affordable
breakthrough solar technologies to power India’s
rapidly growing economy. The Mission aims to install
20,000 megawatts (MW) of grid-connected solar power
and 2,000 MW of off-grid solar power projects by
2022. The Mission encourages both solar photovoltaic
(PV) and solar thermal technologies, and promotes solar
energy in diverse applications like lighting and cooking.

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