This document discusses soil permeability. It defines permeability as the property of a porous material that allows water to pass through its voids. Permeability depends on factors like particle size, void ratio, and degree of saturation. Darcy's law states that the rate of water flow through a soil is proportional to the hydraulic gradient. Common laboratory tests to measure permeability include constant-head and variable-head tests. Permeability is important for calculating seepage, drainage, settlement, and the stability of earth structures. Soils can be classified based on their permeability rate.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
This presentation includes Definition of Permeability, measurement of Permeability, Validity of Darcy's law, Darcy's Law, Methods of Finding Permeability, factors affecting permeability, Permeability of Stratified Soil
This presentation is all about consolidation of soil and it's importance in Civil Engineering, co-efficients of consolidation, methods of determining co-efficient of consolidation, Terzaghi's Spring Analogy, Terzaghi's Theory
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
This presentation includes Definition of Permeability, measurement of Permeability, Validity of Darcy's law, Darcy's Law, Methods of Finding Permeability, factors affecting permeability, Permeability of Stratified Soil
This presentation is all about consolidation of soil and it's importance in Civil Engineering, co-efficients of consolidation, methods of determining co-efficient of consolidation, Terzaghi's Spring Analogy, Terzaghi's Theory
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
index properties of soil, Those properties of soil which are used in the identification and classification of soil are known as INDEX PROPERTIES
Water content
Specific gravity
In-situ density
Particle size
Consistency
Relative Density
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
This ppt is more useful for Civil Engineering students.
I have prepared this ppt during my college days as a part of semester evaluation . Hope this will help to current civil students for their ppt presentations and in many more activities as a part of their semester assessments.
I have prepared this ppt as per the syllabus concerned in the particular topic of the subject, so one can directly use it just by editing their names.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
index properties of soil, Those properties of soil which are used in the identification and classification of soil are known as INDEX PROPERTIES
Water content
Specific gravity
In-situ density
Particle size
Consistency
Relative Density
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
Class notes of Geotechnical Engineering course I used to teach at UET Lahore. Feel free to download the slide show.
Anyone looking to modify these files and use them for their own teaching purposes can contact me directly to get hold of editable version.
This ppt is more useful for Civil Engineering students.
I have prepared this ppt during my college days as a part of semester evaluation . Hope this will help to current civil students for their ppt presentations and in many more activities as a part of their semester assessments.
I have prepared this ppt as per the syllabus concerned in the particular topic of the subject, so one can directly use it just by editing their names.
These slides describes the permeability of soil in a very lucid manner. This has been posted specially for the students of Diploma and Degree Engineering courses.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
3. What is permeability?
• Property of a soil which permits the flow of water
• Permeability is defined as the property of a porous
material which permits the passage or seepage of water
through its interconnecting voids.
• It is a very important Engineering property
gravels highly permeable
stiff clay least permeable
4.
5. • Calculation of uplift pressure under hydraulic structure and
their safety against piping
• Ground water flow towards wells and drainage of soil
• Calculation of seepage through the body of earth dams and
stability of slopes
• Determination of rate of settlement of a saturated
compressible soil layer
Permeability through soil is important for the
following engineering problems:
6. Flow of water through soils may either be a laminar
flow or a turbulent flow
Each fluid particle travel
along a definite path
which never crosses
the path of any other
particle
Paths are irregular and
twisting, crossing at
random
7. Coefficient Of
Permeability
Depends not only on the
properties of soil but also
on the properties of water
Absolute permeability
Independent of the properties
of water
It depends only on the
characteristics of soil
The absolute permeability only
depends on the geometry of the
pore-channel system.
Relative permeability is the ratio of
effective permeability of a particular fluid to its
absolute permeability.
8. Darcy’s Law
Henry Darcy (1803-1858), Hydraulic Engineer. His law is a
foundation stone for several fields of study
who demonstrated experimentally that for
laminar flow conditions in a saturated soil, the rate of flow
or the discharge per unit time is proportional to the hydraulic
gradient
vAq
kiv
kiAq
Validity of darcy’s law - When flow is laminar
9. Bernouli’s Equation:
• Total Energy = Elevation Energy + Pressure Energy +
Velocity Energy
• Total Head = Elevation Head + Pressure Head +
Velocity Head
• Total head of water in soil engineering problems is equal to
the sum of the elevation head and the pressure head
g
p
g
zH v
2
2
10. Water In
)h =hA - hB
Head Loss or
Head Difference or
Energy Loss
hA
hB
i = Hydraulic Gradient
(q)
Water
out
ZA
Datum
ZB
q = v . A = k i A = k ADh
L
11. Factors Affecting Permeability
• Particle size
• Structure of soil mass
• Shape of particles
• Void ratio
• Properties of water
• Degree of saturation
• Adsorbed water
• Impurities in water
12. Determination Of Coefficient Of
Permeability
Laboratory
Methods Field Methods
Indirect Methods
Constant-head
Permeability Test
Variable-head
Permeability Test
Pumping-out Test
Pumping-in Test
Computation
From The Particle
Size
From Consolidation
Test Data
Capillarity-
permeability Test
13. Constant Head Permeability Test
• Quantity of water that flows under a given hydraulic gradient
through a soil sample of known length & cross sectional area in a
given time
• Water is allowed to flow through the cylindrical sample of soil
under a constant head
• For testing of pervious, coarse grained soils
K = Coefficient of permeability
Q = total quantity of water
t = time
L = Length of the coarse soil
Aht
QL
k
14. Variable head permeability test
• Relatively for less permeable soils
• Water flows through the sample from a standpipe attached
to the top of the cylinder.
• The head of water (h) changes with time as flow occurs
through the soil. At different times the head of water is
recorded.
t = time
L = Length of the fine soil
A = cross section area of soil
a= cross section area of tube
K = Coefficient of permeability
2
1
10log
30.2
h
h
At
aL
k
15. By Indirect Method
Allen hazen’s formula
Kozeny carman equation
Loudon’s formula
Consolidation test data
2
10cDk
e
e
TSC
g
k
s
w
1)(
3
22
bnakS )(log 2
10
vwv mCk
constants.,a= 1.365
b=5.15
c=value b/w 100 & 150
T= Tortuosity
S = surface area
16. Permeability in Stratified Soils
H
HkHkHk
k
iHkHkHkiHkq
kiAq
nn
x
nnx
2211
2211 )(
Flow normal to the plans of stratification
Flow parallel to the plans of stratification