This document discusses plant nutrients and fertilizers. It describes macro and micro nutrients that are essential for plant growth. Macro nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are needed in large amounts, while micro nutrients like iron, copper, and zinc are needed in smaller quantities. The document outlines the roles of each nutrient, deficiency symptoms, and how fertilizers can be used to replenish nutrients in soil and promote fertility. Organic fertilizers come from plant or animal sources, while inorganic fertilizers have other chemical origins.

2. CONTENT
 Introduction
 Types of nutrients
 Macronutrients
 Micro nutrients
 fertilizers

3. INTRODUCTION
 FERTILITY
The ability of the soil to supply essential plant
nutrients and soil water in adequate amounts
and proportions for plant growth and
reproduction in the absence of toxic
substances which may inhibit plant growth.

4. INTRODUCTION
 NUTRIENT
Nutrients are chemical elements that are essential for the
growth and fertility.
 DEFICENCY
Plant condition where an essential nutrient is not sufficiently
available.
 MICRO NUTRIENTS
 Nutrient needed in smaller quantities

5. CONT.
 MACRO NUTRIENTS
Nutrient needed in larger quantities
 TOXICITY
A point that is reached where too much of a nutrient
becomes poisonous

6. TYPES OF NUTRIENTS
 There are two basic type of nutrients that are presnt in
the soil to make it a fertile one:
1. Macro nutrients
2. Micro nutrients
 MACRO VS MICRO
 Macro nutrients are required by the plant in
relatively large amounts
 Micro nutrients are required only in small amounts

7. MACRO NUTRIENTS
 NON MINERAL
ELEMENTS
 carbon (C)
 hydrogen (H)
 oxygen (O)
 PRIMARY
NUTRIENTS
 Nitrogen (N)
 Phosphorus (P)
 Potassium (K)
 SECONDARY
NUTRIENTS
 calcium (Ca)
 magnesium (Mg)
 sulfur (S)

8. NITROGEN
 ABUNDANCE
98% of the planet’s nitrogen is in the primary rock of
the Earth, the remaining 2% is in the atmosphere
 IMPORTANT FOR PLANT
Promotes growth of leaves and stems
Makes up 1% to 4% of plant’s harvested material
Crops absorbed more nitrogen from the soil than any
other nutrient.
Most frequently the limiting factor in crop
production.
Necessary to develop cell proteins and chlorophyll

9. NITROGEN
 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Chlorosis : sick, yellow-green color
short stems, small leaves, pale colored leaves and flowers
slow and dwarfed plant growth

10. PHOSPHOROUS
 3rd most readily absorbed nutrient
 Stimulates early formation and growth of roots
 Provides for fast and vigorous growth and
speeds maturity
 Stimulates flowering and seed development
 Necessary for the enzyme action of many plant
processes

11. PHOSPHOROUS
 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
decrease in growth
slow maturity
older leaves are purplish color

12. POTASSIUM
 2nd most readily absorbed
 Used to form carbohydrates and proteins
 Water intake and respiration
 Formation and transfer of starches, sugars and
oils
 Increases disease resistance and hardiness

13. POTASSIUM
 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Shorter and weaker plants
spotted, streaked or curled leaves
 burned, browning . dead leaf tips
and margins

14. CALCIUM
 Improves plant vigor
 Influences intake and synthesis of other plant nutrients
 Promotes root and leaf growth
 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
 Chlorosis beginning in the leaf edges and
moving inward
 wrinkled older leaves
 dead stem tips

15. MAGNESIUM
 Helps make fats
 Vital for photosynthesis
 Chlorophyll or the green coloring of the plant
 Needed for protein synthesis
 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
 Leaves curl along the margins
 Leaf parts show a whitish color

16. SULFUR
 Promotes root growth and vigorous vegetative growth
 Essential to protein formation
 Stimulates seed production
 DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Similar symptoms to that of a
nitrogen deficiency.
Stunted appearance.
young leaves are light green
with lighter color veins

17. MICRO NUTRIENTS
 Iron (Fe)
 Copper (Cu)
 Zinc (Zn)
 Boron (B)
 Molybdenum (Mo)
 Manganese (Mn)
 Chlorine (Cl)

18. MICRONUTRIENTS
 IRON
Essential for chlorophyll production
 COPPER
Helps respiration
 ZINC
helps form growth hormones
Reproduction
 BORON
 affects water absorption by roots
 MANGANESE
 nitrogen transformation

19.  MANGANESE
 nitrogen transformation
• MOLYBDENUM
 plant development
• CHLORINE
 acts in enzyme systems

20. PROVISION OF NUTRIENTS
IN SOIL
 The nutrients can be maintainede in the soil to
increase the fertility by adding the different
fertilizers
 Fertilizers can be
Organic
Inorganic

21. ORGANIC VS IN ORGANIC
ORGANIC INORGANIC
 Comes from plant or
animal matter and
contains carbon
compounds.
 Natural product
 Not easily leached from
the soil
 Hard to get
 Not sterile
 Expensive
 Comes from sources other
than animals or plants
 Chemical products
 easily leached from the
soil
 Easy to get
 easy to get
 lower cost

22. THANK YOU