The Appiko movement was a grassroots environmental movement started in 1983 in response to deforestation in southern India. Inspired by the Chipko movement, villagers in Karnataka began "hugging trees" to prevent logging. The movement aimed to conserve the remaining forests, restore degraded areas, and promote sustainable use of forest resources. Through community organizing, demonstrations, and afforestation efforts, Appiko helped raise awareness of environmental issues and influence government policy. However, the movement now faces new challenges from forces of globalization and development that prioritize economic growth over ecological conservation.
Chipko Movement, One of the most important Environmental moveent in India that led to save many trees in India. But still people cut trees due to many reasons even if at some places it is illegal. it is the duty of all our citizen who love environment to stand against it and start awareness of not cutting trees.
Everything you wanna know is included in this presentation.
All about the Chipko movement is included from the introduction to the success of the movement. If you have any doubt or wanna know something more just contact me.
The environment plays a vital role in human living. The environment comprises of all the natural resources such as air water, land, forests, and minerals. It is responsibility of populace to protect the natural resources. Nonetheless, due to technical advancement and other reasons, there is a lot of misuse of these natural resources, in the form of land degradation, water pollution, air pollution, and deforestation. All these factors lead to worsening of environment. Great efforts are being made in order to regain the environment by people through voluntary organizations, which have concerns about the environment. There are cases where people have revoked and adopted non-violent action movements to protect their environment (Arne Kalland, Gerard Persoon, 2013).
environmental movements
what is an environmental movement?
environmental movements in India
Bishnoi movement
Chipko movement
save silent valley movement
Jungle Bachao Andholan
Appiko movement
Narmadha Bachao Andholan
Tehri Dam Conflict
Chipko Movement, One of the most important Environmental moveent in India that led to save many trees in India. But still people cut trees due to many reasons even if at some places it is illegal. it is the duty of all our citizen who love environment to stand against it and start awareness of not cutting trees.
Everything you wanna know is included in this presentation.
All about the Chipko movement is included from the introduction to the success of the movement. If you have any doubt or wanna know something more just contact me.
The environment plays a vital role in human living. The environment comprises of all the natural resources such as air water, land, forests, and minerals. It is responsibility of populace to protect the natural resources. Nonetheless, due to technical advancement and other reasons, there is a lot of misuse of these natural resources, in the form of land degradation, water pollution, air pollution, and deforestation. All these factors lead to worsening of environment. Great efforts are being made in order to regain the environment by people through voluntary organizations, which have concerns about the environment. There are cases where people have revoked and adopted non-violent action movements to protect their environment (Arne Kalland, Gerard Persoon, 2013).
environmental movements
what is an environmental movement?
environmental movements in India
Bishnoi movement
Chipko movement
save silent valley movement
Jungle Bachao Andholan
Appiko movement
Narmadha Bachao Andholan
Tehri Dam Conflict
environmental movements in india and keralasana sana
this presentation describes environmental movements in india and kerala and it list number of movements in india and kerala also describes environmental and biodiversity acts
Chipko movement was a non-violent agitation in 1973 that was aimed at protection and conservation of trees, but, perhaps, it is best remembered for the collective mobilisation of women for the cause of preserving forests, which also brought about a change in attitude regarding their own status in society.
this ppt explores about different types of tribes in india and their respective characterstics, you will gonna know about how britishers exploited tribes in past and from their indian tribes are pat of backward classes.although indian government are taking stern steps but are debateable for long time
This presentation tells about the forest rights acts and highlights the issues in it's implementation, Aid for change work address the underlying issues and its impact on the community
NEP is a policy formulated in 2006 by Ministry of Environment and Forest,Govt. of India for providing certain strategies and standards that ensures environmental safety to surrounding areas,working areas, laboratories or facilities, are free from dangers.
environmental movements in india and keralasana sana
this presentation describes environmental movements in india and kerala and it list number of movements in india and kerala also describes environmental and biodiversity acts
Chipko movement was a non-violent agitation in 1973 that was aimed at protection and conservation of trees, but, perhaps, it is best remembered for the collective mobilisation of women for the cause of preserving forests, which also brought about a change in attitude regarding their own status in society.
this ppt explores about different types of tribes in india and their respective characterstics, you will gonna know about how britishers exploited tribes in past and from their indian tribes are pat of backward classes.although indian government are taking stern steps but are debateable for long time
This presentation tells about the forest rights acts and highlights the issues in it's implementation, Aid for change work address the underlying issues and its impact on the community
NEP is a policy formulated in 2006 by Ministry of Environment and Forest,Govt. of India for providing certain strategies and standards that ensures environmental safety to surrounding areas,working areas, laboratories or facilities, are free from dangers.
How do we mitigate the harm been done to the environment everyday???
Everyday we just read about the problems, their proposed solutions,the conferences and then their failures...
I wanted to know what is the problem?? N here i studied the failure of Ganga Action Plan, and just went about proposing how can it be improved!!
Any comments or advice are welcome.. I really want to reach to the grassroot problem!
Nature, Equity, Communities: Towards Effective & Democratic Conservation in I...Ashish Kothari
Conservation of biodiversity and wildlife in India has gone through historical changes from community-based, to state-dominated and exclusionary; recent paradigm shifts are again recognising that communities living amidst nature need to be at the centre of decision-making, and their knowledge to be treated at par with modern knowledge, for enhanced and just conservation effectivity. Presentation is from 2013, slightly dated.
This presentation by Percy Summers from Conservation International Peru shows how REDD+ Benefit Sharing can work based on a case study in Alto Mayo. This presentation was held on December 2 during the COP20 event "Linking Policy and Practice: Approaches to REDD + Benefit Sharing" in Lima, Peru which was hosted by The Forests Dialogue.
Conservation and Management: A case study of Jaisalmer Fort, Rajasthan, IndiaVijay Meena
Conservation and Management: A case study of Jaisalmer Fort, Rajasthan, India
Presentation Structure
Introduction to Jaisalmer
History of Jaisalmer
Architectural History: Plan, Fort Wall & Building types
Architectural History: Fort Wall
Natural Threats
Human Threats
Project Works:
ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA (ASI)
INDIAN NATIONAL TRUST FOR ARTS AND CULTURAL HERITAGE (INTACH)
Conclusion
Watershed management is the investigation of the applicable aspects of a watershed pointed at the reasonable dissemination of its assets and the methodology of making and executing arrangements . Green systems has different idea , way and Technology of Watershed Management In India .
Hi Everyone!
In this presentation you will get to know more about forest and wildlife. This basically covers what is a forest? What is a Wildlife? How we can conserve it? And many more things
As defined by the International Ecotourism Society, ecotourism refers to “responsible travel that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people”. Also called “nature tourism”, the objective of ecotourism is to minimize the impact brought about by tourism on the environment.What is eco tourism in simple words?
The World Tourism Organisation defines ecotourism as: all nature-based forms of tourism in which the main motivation of the tourists is the observation and appreciation of nature as well as the traditional cultures prevailing in natural areas. Ecotourism is responsible travel that assists in conserving the environment and improving the well-being of locals through economic support. With the amount of tourists expanding every year, it's more important than ever to promote sustainability.Positive impact of ecotourism on the environment
Ecotourism can reduce the need to hunt animals for income. With ecotourism, income is earned from preserving the rainforest - deforestation is discouraged, as it is detrimental to income from tourists. Money from tourists goes back into the conservation of the area.Tourist facilities are made to blend-in with the natural environment, food is sourced locally and waste is usually managed on-site. The numbers of tourists allowed are low to ensure minimal disturbance to the environment, but this increases the cost of trips for visitors.
The main concept of ecotourism is sustainability to enable future generations to experience places which have been relatively untouched by humans.
Ecotourism is quickly becoming an important industry for many developing countries to bring in foreign income while at the same time, preserving some of their most fragile environments.
This can be achieved by some countries preserving their rainforests, as ecotourists pay to see a country's natural beauty, not the destruction caused by the exploitation of natural resources.
Ecotourism activities should:
Cause minimal impact on the environment and local people.
Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect.
Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts.
Provide direct financial benefits for conservation and sustainability.
Provide economic benefits and empower local people, as ecotourism should be managed by locals.
Increase visitors' understanding of the country's political, environmental and social circumstances.
Encourage stewardship and conservation of the natural environment.
Respect local traditions, eg dressing appropriately so as not to cause offence, especially in religious buildings.
Causes of/reasons for ecotourism
Developing countries now want to conserve their fragile environments and view ecotourism as a significant method of generating income.
Developed countries want to help developing countries conserve their fragile environments by promoting sustainable tourism.
Tourists want to experience a visit to unspoilt environments.
Many travellers are bored with run-of-the-mill too
An Alternative Model of Sustainable Living: the case of Auroville in Indiaiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
It is about the environmental movements in India, especially Chipko Movement, Narmada Bachavo Andolan, save silent valley, Anti coca cola struggle,Anti Endosulfan Movement
Dr.C.Muthuraja's Presentation on Environmental Movement - Lessons for New Gen...Chinnasamy Muthuraja
Environmental Movement Lessons for New Generation -presented at ICHR sponsored National Conference on ‘Popular Movements in South India during 19th & 20th Centuries’ organized by Research Centre and PG Department of History, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women (Autonomous), Periyakulam, Tamilnadu during 7th & 8th February 2018
The Necessity of a Uniform Civil Code for Ensuring Equality and Justice in In...Bimal Antony
This academic paper explores the significance of a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in India, as envisaged in Article 44 of the Constitution. It discusses the need for a common set of laws governing marriage, divorce, and inheritance to uphold the principles of equality, secularism, and democracy. By analyzing the importance of treating all citizens equally before the law, regardless of religion, caste, or gender, this paper advocates for the formulation, enactment, and implementation of a UCC to ensure the country's constitutional morality and uphold individual rights and dignity.
Introduction
Adulthood - Adult and Family Development
Finding a Mate: Courtship Patterns
Parent-Arranged Marriages
The American Dating System
Marriage
Types of Marital Relationships
The Family Life Cycle
Leaving Home and Becoming a Single Adult
Developmental Tasks of The Family Establishment Phase
Establishing a Home Base to Call Their Own
Sociological imagination, social work, human rights and social justice with r...Bimal Antony
A Sociological Imagination is crucial for a Social Work practice based on Human Rights and Social Justice with reference to The Rise and Demise of the Welfare State.
The role of Social Work in India in assessing and protecting people in need. ...Bimal Antony
This is an essay which presents the following two points.
1. The role of Social Work in India in assessing and protecting people in need.
2. The extent to which Social Work changed over the last 40 years and factors that contributed to some of these changes.
A presentation on the martyrs of RTI Act. These are the people who lost their lives for the sole reason that they stood against the filth in the society using the power of the legal system by using the Right to Information (RTI) Act.
1. Assignment on a Social Movement
Appiko Movement
Submitted to:
Dr. Cherian P Kurien,
School of Social Work,
Marian College,
Kuttikkanam.
Submitted by:
Bimal Antony,
1st
MSW,
School of Social Work,
Marian College,
Kuttikkanam.
Date of Submission:
15th
March 2011.
2. Introduction
The Appiko movement was a revolutionary movement based on environmental conservation in
India. The "Chipko Andolan" (Hug the Trees Movement) in Uttarakhand in the Himalayas inspired the
villagers of the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka Province in southern India to launch a similar
movement to save their forests. In September 1983, men, women and children of Salkani "hugged the
trees" in Kalase forest. (The local term for "hugging" in Kannada is appiko.) Appiko Andolan gave birth
to a new awareness all over southern India.
The Sahyadri Range, or the Western Ghats, in southern India is the home of a tropical forest
ecosystem. Although this tropical forest constitutes a potentially renewable resource, it is also a very
fragile ecosystem and therefore merits special attention. The past 30 years have seen the onslaught of
"development" activities and an increase in population, both of which have exhausted this fragile resource
system. In the case of Kerala, which comprises 42 percent of the entire Western Ghat area, the forest
cover fell from 44 percent in 1905 to a meager 9 percent in 1984.
Such deforestation in the Western Ghats has caused severe problems for all southern India. The
recurring drought in the provinces of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala and Tamil Nadu clearly indicates
watershed degradation. The power generation, water supply and ultimately the whole economy of
southern India is adversely affected. The ongoing "development" policy of exploiting the "resources -
mainly forest and mineral resources - in the Western Ghats for the benefit of the elite has deprived the
poor of their self-supporting systems.
Background
In 1950, Uttara Kannada district forest covered more than 81 percent of its geographical
area. The government, declaring this forest district a "backward" area, then initiated the process
of "development". There major industries - a pulp and paper mill, a plywood factory and a chain
of hydroelectric dams constructed to harness the rivers - sprouted in the are. These industries
have overexploited the forest resource, and the dams have submerged huge-forest and
agricultural areas. The forest had shrunk to nearly 25 percent of the district's area by 1980. The
local population, especially the poorest groups, were displaced by the dams. The conversion of
the natural mixed forests into teak and eucalyptus plantations dried up the water sources, directly
affecting forest dwellers. In a nutshell, the three major p's - paper, plywood and power - which
were intended for the development of the people, have resulted in a fourth p: poverty.
The Movement
With the felling and commercialization of the natural forest, the Appiko movement rose: a
popular people‟s response against deforestation and the ruin of ancient livelihoods. At the same time the
forest department was involved in clearing of natural ever green forest and plantation of monoculture of
Teak and Eucalyptus. This destruction of tropical natural forests and the raising of monoculture
plantations of Teak and Eucalyptus caused irreversible changes in the forest ecosystem. The destruction
of mixed species denied people access to biomass for fodder, fertiliser, etc. The clear felling of natural
forests has led to severe soil erosion and drying up of perennial water resources. Moved by the destruction
3. of essential ecological processes, the youth of Salkani village in Sirsi launched a Chipko movement which
was locally known as „Appiko Chaluvali‟.
History was created on 8 September 1983 when people from villages around Salkani in
Uttara Kanada district undertook to resist massive tree felling operations underway at the Kalase
forests. Hordes of men and women laid siege to the forest over the next three months, hugging
the trees and forcing the perpetrators with little option but to make an unceremonious exit. The
news spread fast, catching the imagination of forest dwellers across the state in Kodagu, South
Kanara, Chikamaglur and Shimoga districts. Appiko, meaning „hug the trees‟, soon became a
potent expression to counter violence against nature, reflecting empathy towards forests. “It
seems a cosmic force was fuelling indelible energy into each of us,” recalls M N Mableshwar of
Gubbigadde village in Sirsi.
The Appiko Movement is trying to save the Western Ghats by spreading its roots all over
southern India. The movement's objectives can be classified into three major areas. First, the Appiko
Movement is struggling to save the remaining tropical forests in the Western Ghats. Second, it is making
a modest attempt to restore the greenery to denuded areas. Third, it is striving to propagate the idea of
rational utilization in order to reduce the pressure on forest resources. To save, to grow and to use
rationally - popularly known in Kannada as Ulisu ("save"), Belesu ("grow") and Balasu ("rational use") -
is movement's popular slogan.
The Movement Methods
The Appiko Movement uses various techniques to raise awareness: foot marches in the
interior forests, slide shows, folk dances, street plays and so on. The movement has achieved a
fair amount of success: the state government has banned felling of green trees in some forest
areas; only dead, dying and dry trees are felled to meet local requirements. The movement has
spread to the four hill districts of Karnataka Province, and has the potential to spread to the
Eastern Ghats in Tamil Nadu Province and to Goa Province.
The second area of the Appiko Movement's work is to promote afforestation on denuded
lands, in the villagers to grow saplings. Individual families as well as village youth clubs have
taken an active interest in growing decentralized nurseries. An all-time record of 1.2 million
saplings were grown by people in the Sirsi area in 1984-1985. No doubt this was possible due to
the cooperation of the forest department, which supplied the plastic bags for growing saplings. In
the process of developing the decentralized nursery, the activists realized that forest department
makes extra money in raising a nursery. The cost paid for one sapling grown by a villager was 20
paise, whereas the cost of a single sapling raised by the forest department amounted to a
minimum of Rs 2. In addition, the forest department used fertilizers and gave tablets to saplings.
The Appiko Movement's experience has brought an overuse of chemical fertilizers into the forest
nursery, making it a capital-intensive, money-making program. The nursery program propagated
by the forest department is really a means for utilizing village labor at cheap rates. Appiko
4. activists have learned lessons from this experience, and they are now growing saplings only to
meet their own needs, not to give to the forest department.
The villagers have initiated a process of regeneration in barren common land. The Youth
Club has taken the responsibility for the project and the whole village has united to protect this
land from grazing, lopping and fire. The experience shows that in those areas where soil is
present, natural regeneration is the most efficient and least expensive method of bringing barren
area under free cover. In the areas in which topsoil is washed off, tree planting - especially of
indigenous, fast-growing species - is done. The irony is that the forest department is resorting to
the mechanized planting of exotic species, and also uses huge amounts of fertilizers on these
exotic, monoculture plantations. This work will definitely harm the soil, and eventually the tree
cover, in the area. Two obvious techniques of greening are being performed: one the forest
department's method, is capital intensive, and the other, the people's technique of growing
through regeneration, is a natural process for sustainable development of the soil.
The third major area of activity in the Appiko Movement is related to rational use of the
ecosphere through introducing alternative energy sources to reduce the pressure on the forest.
The activists have constructed 2,000 fuel-efficient chulhas ("hearths") in the area, which save
fuelwood consumption by almost 40 percent. The activists do not wait for government subsidies
or assistance, since there is spontaneous demand from the people. Even in Sizsi town and in
other urban areas, these chulhas are installed in hotels, reducing firewood consumption.
The other way to reduce pressure on the forest is through building gobar (gas plants). An
increasing number of people are building bio-gas plants. However, the Appiko activists are more
interested in those people who are from poorer sections - who cannot afford gas plants - so they
emphasize chulhas.
Some people deter the regeneration process in the forest area through incorrect lopping
practices. The Appiko Movement is trying to change people's attitudes so that they realize their
mistake and stop this practice.
The thrust of the Appiko Movement in carrying out its work reveals the constructive
phase of the people's movement. Through this constructive phase, depleted natural resources can
be rebuilt. This process promotes sharing of resources in an egalitarian way, helping the forest
dwellers. The movement's aim is to establish a harmonious relationship between people and
nature, to redefine the term development so that ecological movements today form a basis for a
sustainable, permanent economy in the future.
New challenges
There are significant milestones that the movement recounts as it begins to prepare itself
for the challenges that lie ahead. The global discourse on democracy which adopts the neo-
liberal model of market economy, poses new challenges to social movements such as Appiko. As
5. consumerism casts its influence on young minds, the next generation lacks the empathy to align
with social causes. Building a fresh engagement with the younger generation to sustain
countervailing forces and contest the oppressive policies of globalisation is a formidable
challenge,” admits Hegde. The key word of „ecology‟ has been replaced by „economy‟ and
„conservation‟ makes room for „consumption‟. In the present context, environment versus
development debate is considered anti-growth both by the state as well as sections of the public.
Be it land, water or forests, each natural entity gets viewed through an economic standpoint.
Obsession with growth has helped brew widespread apathy towards ecological conservation.
Needless to say, times have changed and the challenges have been further compounded since
Appiko movement was launched 28 years ago.
References
Aviram Sharma. Appiko Movement. The URL is
http://ecovista.wordpress.com/2007/08/28/appiko-movement/
Dr. Sudhirendar Sharma (2008, October). Appiko A hug in time. Splash, pp 6-7.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appiko_movement
Dr. Sudhirendar Sharma. Making sense of the Appiko movement. The URL is
http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/22/stories/2008092252801100.htm
http://www.culturalsurvival.org/ourpublications/csq/article/the-appiko-movement-forest-
conservation-southern-india