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Chipko movement
The Chipko movement began in 1970s in rural Uttarakhand as a forest conservation movement where villagers embraced trees to prevent logging. It was inspired by earlier movements protecting sacred trees. In 1973, villagers in Gopeshwar protested the felling of 300 trees awarded to a company by hugging the trees, forcing the loggers to retreat. The movement spread with more protests, most notably in 1974 when 27 women confronted and embraced trees to stop logging. Their four-day standoff was successful, leading to a logging ban in the area. The movement emphasized non-violent protest and spread environmental awareness among villagers dependent on forests.
