The document defines and describes smart machines, which are technologies like robots, self-driving cars, and cognitive computing systems that are able to make decisions and solve problems without human intervention using machine learning and data from technologies like cloud computing, big data, and the internet of things. Smart machines are categorized as expert systems that provide advice, autonomous robots that can perform physical tasks, and intelligent assistants that can help users by answering questions and performing tasks.

1. Smart
Machines

2. Meaning Of Smart Machines
• Smart machines include robots, self-driving cars and other
cognitive computing systems that are able to make decisions
and solve problems without human intervention.”
• a smart machine is an intelligent device that uses machine-to-
machine (M2M) technology. Smart machines include robots,
self-driving cars and other cognitive computing systems that are
able to make decisions and solve problems without human
intervention.

3. Meaning Of Smart Machines
• Smart Machines are technologies that:
○ Deal with high levels of complexity and uncertainty
○ Decision making based on probabilistics ○ Understanding
of task-specific contexts
○ Multitude of uses
○ Some gauge person’s feelings by examining facial
movements etc.

4. Task of Smart machines
• Observe
• Tests
• Autonomous
• Probabilistic
• Predicts Purpose
• Understands Human reaction
That is machines first
test the real world Then
behave autonomously Then
making decision based on probabilities Then
predict the future based on models and calculations Then
narrow in purpose, each machine has its own purpose and there are different machines for different
purposes
appear to understand concepts, relationships, causalities Then all human can say is
“I didn’t know a machine could do that!”

5. Technologies to which smart achines are
linked
○ Cloud computing
○ Big data
○ Internet of Everything

6. Cloud Computing and Smart Machines
• Cloud computing, also on-demand computing, is a kind of Internet-based
computing that provides shared processing resources and data to computers
and other devices on demand.
• Thus Cloud Computing is the brain powering smart machines
• Cloud Computing is an enabler of Smart Machines
“Imagine a robot that finds an object that it's never seen or used before—say, a
plastic cup. The robot could simply send an image of the cup to the cloud and
receive back the object’s name, a 3-D model, and instructions on how to use it”
That is cloud computing tells smart machines what to do or react with object
by sending information about object from multiple sources to smart machine .

7. Big Data and smart machines
• Big data is computing extremely large data sets that may be analysed
computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations,
especially relating to human behaviour and interactions.
• Thus through big data -
Advanced Analytics is done which helps to model and predict
the future that is help smart machine to act more smartly.
• As a result
In the future a cleaning robot in the hospital corridor connected to
Medical Watson might be able to give us more precise diagnosis
and prognosis than the doctor who you are waiting to see.”

8. Internet Of Things and Smart Machines
• Internet of things is the concept of basically connecting any device with an on and off switch
to the Internet (and/or to each other). This includes everything from cell phones, coffee
makers, washing machines, headphones, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else
you can think of. And all connected devices can send and receive data.
• That means after IoT there will be interaction among people, machines.
• Result
Machines can be able to work more conveniently for humans as after IoT one machine
can instruct other machine. Moreover machine will be able to work as per current
situation as now it can receive current data to act upon.
Like our car could have access to calendar and already know the best route to take. If the
traffic is heavy car might send a text to the other party notifying them that we will be late.
Or when alarm clock wakes up you at 6 a.m. and then notifies our coffee maker to start
brewing coffee for us?
Or When office equipment knew when it was running low on supplies and automatically
re-ordered more?

9. Categories of Smart machines
•Expert systems (sages)
•Autonomous robots (movers,
doers)
•Intelligent assistants (helpers?)

10. Expert Systems
The expert systems are the computer applications developed to solve complex problems in a
particular domain, at the level of extra-ordinary human intelligence and expertise.
Characteristics of Expert Systems
• High performance
• Understandable
• Reliable
• Highly responsive
Capabilities of Expert Systems
The expert systems are capable of −
• Advising
• Instructing and assisting human in decision making
• Demonstrating
• Deriving a solution
• Diagnosing
• Explaining
• Interpreting input
• Predicting results
• Justifying the conclusion
• Suggesting alternative options to a problem

11. Expert Systems
They are incapable of −
• Substituting human decision makers
• Possessing human capabilities
• Producing accurate output for inadequate knowledge base
• Refining their own knowledge
Applications Of Expert System
Application Description
Design Domain Camera lens design, automobile design.
Medical Domain
Diagnosis Systems to deduce cause of disease from observed data,
conduction medical operations on humans.
Monitoring Systems
Comparing data continuously with observed system or with prescribed
behavior such as leakage monitoring in long petroleum pipeline.
Process Control Systems Controlling a physical process based on monitoring.
Knowledge Domain Finding out faults in vehicles, computers.
Finance/Commerce
Detection of possible fraud, suspicious transactions, stock market trading,
Airline scheduling, cargo scheduling.

12. Expert System
Examples
• CADUCEUS and MYCIN were medical diagnosis systems. The user
describes their symptoms to the computer as they would to a
doctor and the computer returns a medical diagnosis.
• SMH.PAL is an expert system for the assessment of students with
multiple disabilities

13. Autonomous Robots
An autonomous robot is a robot that performs behaviors or tasks with a high degree
of autonomy, which is particularly desirable in fields such as space exploration,
household maintenance (such as cleaning), waste water treatment and delivering
goods and services.
Characteristics of Autonomous Robot
• Self-Maintenance
• Ability to sense the environment (sensors)
• Ability to perform physical tasks (motorics)
• Ability to navigate point to point (movement)

14. Autonomous Robots
Examples
• Self-maintenance
robot take care of itself. Many of the battery-powered robots on the market today can find and
connect to a charging station, and some toys like Sony's Aibo are capable of self-docking to charge their
batteries.
Self-maintenance is based on "proprioception", or sensing one's own internal status. In the battery
charging example, the robot can tell proprioceptively that its batteries are low and it then seeks the
charger. Another common proprioceptive sensor is for heat monitoring. Increased proprioception will
be required for robots to work autonomously near people and in harsh environments.

15. Examples of Autonomous Robots
• Task Performance
Robots perform a physical task. While the level of intelligence is
not high in these systems, they navigate over wide areas and pilot
in tight situations around homes using contact and non-contact
sensors. Also security robots can be programmed to detect
intruders and respond in a particular way depending upon where
the intruder is.
Example with iRobot and Electrolux
iRobot – Made military robots and Scuba robot that cleans floor

16. Robot
cleaning Military robot
Kitchen robot

17. • Indoor navigators
For a robot to associate behaviors with a place (localization) requires it to know where it is and to be
able to navigate point-to-point. Such navigation began with wire-guidance in the 1970s and progressed
in the early 2000s to beacon-based triangulation. Current commercial robots autonomously navigate
based on sensing natural features. The first commercial robots to achieve this were Pyxus' HelpMate
hospital robot and the CyberMotion guard robot, both designed by robotics pioneers in the 1980s.
These robots originally used manually created CAD floor plans, sonar sensing and wall-following
variations to navigate buildings. The next generation, such as MobileRobots' PatrolBot and
autonomous wheelchair,[1] both introduced in 2004, have the ability to create their own laser-based
maps of a building and to navigate open areas as well as corridors.
And as these indoor techniques continue to develop, vacuuming robots will gain the ability to clean a
specific user-specified room or a whole floor. Security robots will be able to cooperatively surround
intruders and cut off exits
• Outdoor navigators
Include driverless car, drones

18. Patrol robots and
autonomous wheelchair

19. Intelligent Assistants
• An intelligent personal assistant (or simply IPA) is a software agent that can perform tasks or services
for an individual. These tasks or services are based on user input, location awareness, and the ability
to access information from a variety of online sources (such as weather or traffic conditions, news,
stock prices, user schedules, retail prices, etc.). Examples of such an agent are Apple's Siri, Google's
Google Now, Amazon Echo, Microsoft's Cortana, Braina (application developed by Brainasoft for
Microsoft Windows), Samsung's S Voice, LG's Voice Mate, BlackBerry's Assistant, SILVIA, HTC's Hidi,
IBM's Watson (computer), and Facebook's M (app).
• Examples of tasks that may be performed by a smart personal agent-type of Intelligent Automated
Assistant[2] include schedule management (e.g., sending an alert to a dinner date that a user is
running late due to traffic conditions, update schedules for both parties, and change the restaurant
reservation time) and personal health management (e.g., monitoring caloric intake, heart rate and
exercise regimen, then making recommendations for healthy choices).
• intelligent personal assistant is its ability to organize and maintain information. This includes the
management of emails, calendar events, files, to-do lists, etc.

20. Cortana's features include being able to set reminders,
recognize natural voice without the user having to input a
predefined series of commands, and answer questions using
information from Bing (like current weather and traffic
conditions, sports scores, and biographies).
Braina uses natural language interface[4] and speech
recognition[5] to interact with its users and allows users to use
English language sentences to perform various tasks on their
computer. The application can find information from the
internet, play songs and videos of user's choice, take dictation,
find and open files, set alarms and reminders, performs math
calculations, controls windows and programs etc

21. Impact Of Smart machines
• In coming years work of delivering goods will be done through drones result job of delivery
boys will go off.
• Instead of waiting for doctor for hours and then waiting for reports to start treatment .now
patients will get immediate treatment by telling symptoms to robots which will analyse
data and start treatment as soon as possible along with better accuracy.
• Uneducated people will be privileged to use smart phones with the help of personal
assistants.
• Disabled people et chance to ride in car through driverless cars.
• Decision making among managers will get wheels that is it will get faster.
• No more waiters , room service providers required since all chores that is from bringing and
serving food to moving luggage to cleaning …will be done through smart machines.
• Everyone will get time to improve his skills .
• Need to hold camera for selfie and wait long for perfect expression will be over as JIBO has
come to click pictures along with option for video chat.
But Jobs will be lost as it is seen and analysed that
“One in three jobs will be taken by [Smart
Machines] by 2025“

22. • Investments
•Creative destruction
•New skills needed
Action to be taken to live in smart machine era

23. Thank You
References:
• http://www.slideshare.net/immon/sm
art-machines-presentation-oct-2014
• Wikipedia
• Tutorialspoint