Smart dust is a system of tiny sensors and devices known as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that can detect things like light, temperature, and chemicals. They communicate wirelessly with a base station or other smart dust motes. Smart dust motes are fabricated using MEMS techniques and contain microcontrollers, sensors, memory, and operating systems on a very small scale. They face challenges related to their small size, like limited battery capacity. Potential applications of smart dust include environmental monitoring, healthcare, military, and security uses. While very small, smart dust also raises privacy and security concerns due to the data it can collect and transmit wirelessly.