Abstract : The project’s major goal is to create an intelligent trash can that would aid in maintaining a clean
and environmentally friendly environment. The Swachh Bharat Mission motivates us. Since technology is
becoming increasingly intelligent, we are utilising Arduino nano to develop an intelligent dustbin to help clean
the environment. The ultrasonic sensors on the trashcan are part of the dustbin control and management system,
which happens to be designed with a microcontroller-based platform. In the suggested method, we used an
ARDUINO NANO, an ultrasonic sensor, a Mini servo motor, and jumper wire linked to a charger to construct an
intelligent trash can. The Smart Dustbin application will launch when all hardware and software connections
have been made. Dustbin lid will wait for the person to pass by at a distance of 60 cm.
This ppt presentation is to develop a home automation system with a touch screen based control panel based on microcontroller
Edgefxkits.com has a wide range of electronic projects ideas that are primarily helpful for ECE, EEE and EIE students and the ideas can be applied for real life purposes as well.
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Edgefx provides free verified electronic projects kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
This ppt presentation is to develop a home automation system with a touch screen based control panel based on microcontroller
Edgefxkits.com has a wide range of electronic projects ideas that are primarily helpful for ECE, EEE and EIE students and the ideas can be applied for real life purposes as well.
http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Visit our page to get more ideas on popular electronic projects developed by professionals.
Edgefx provides free verified electronic projects kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.
This is a project report on Smart Dustbin Using IOT Prepared By Lakshya Pandey, Second Year Electrical Engineering Student of Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology (BTKIT), Dwarahat
All Rights Reserved.
A ppt on smart waste segregation designed to used at commercial places like Hospitals, Offices, MNCs, Park, etc...You can also use this as your school/ college's project topic.
ENJOY !!!
smart street light detector based on sensors. This is basically designed to reduce the power consumption of the street light. And help out to conserve more and more energy.
The Internet of things (IOT) is the network of physical devices vehicles home appliances and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors ,actuators, and network connectivity which enable these objects to connect and exchange data.
Smart farming is a concept quickly catching on in the agricultural business. Offering high-precision crop control, useful data collection, and automated farming techniques, there are clearly many advantages a networked farm has to offer.
This is the first presentation of my Final Year project done(doing 2015-16) as part of fulfilling my B-Tech degree in CSE from Govt. Engineering College Sreekrishnapuram, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
The past decade has seen significant advancement in the field of consumer electronics. Various ‘intelligent’ appliances such as cellular phones, air-conditioners, home security devices, home theatres, etc. are set to realize the concept of a smart home. They have given rise to a Personal Area Network in home environment, where all these appliances can be interconnected and monitored using a single controller.
Busy families and individuals with physical limitation represent an attractive market for home automation and networking. A wireless home network that does not incur additional costs of wiring would be desirable. Bluetooth technology, which has emerged in late 1990s, is an ideal solution for this purpose.
Home automation involves introducing a degree of computerized or automatic control to
Certain electrical and electronic systems in a building. These include lighting, temperature
Control etc.
This project demonstrates a simple home automation system which contains a remote mobile host controller and several client modules (home appliances). The client modules communicate with the host controller through a wireless device such as a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, in this case, an android based Smart phone.
This was one of my Diploma in Engineering Projects.
It's a Voice controlled Home Automation System which works with the Internet. Which means you can control your home appliances from anywhere.
I did the Presentation for the Home Automation System. I was also one of the core team members who made it happen.
Here are the complete powerpoint slides.
Thank You
This is a project report on Smart Dustbin Using IOT Prepared By Lakshya Pandey, Second Year Electrical Engineering Student of Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology (BTKIT), Dwarahat
All Rights Reserved.
A ppt on smart waste segregation designed to used at commercial places like Hospitals, Offices, MNCs, Park, etc...You can also use this as your school/ college's project topic.
ENJOY !!!
smart street light detector based on sensors. This is basically designed to reduce the power consumption of the street light. And help out to conserve more and more energy.
The Internet of things (IOT) is the network of physical devices vehicles home appliances and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors ,actuators, and network connectivity which enable these objects to connect and exchange data.
Smart farming is a concept quickly catching on in the agricultural business. Offering high-precision crop control, useful data collection, and automated farming techniques, there are clearly many advantages a networked farm has to offer.
This is the first presentation of my Final Year project done(doing 2015-16) as part of fulfilling my B-Tech degree in CSE from Govt. Engineering College Sreekrishnapuram, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
The past decade has seen significant advancement in the field of consumer electronics. Various ‘intelligent’ appliances such as cellular phones, air-conditioners, home security devices, home theatres, etc. are set to realize the concept of a smart home. They have given rise to a Personal Area Network in home environment, where all these appliances can be interconnected and monitored using a single controller.
Busy families and individuals with physical limitation represent an attractive market for home automation and networking. A wireless home network that does not incur additional costs of wiring would be desirable. Bluetooth technology, which has emerged in late 1990s, is an ideal solution for this purpose.
Home automation involves introducing a degree of computerized or automatic control to
Certain electrical and electronic systems in a building. These include lighting, temperature
Control etc.
This project demonstrates a simple home automation system which contains a remote mobile host controller and several client modules (home appliances). The client modules communicate with the host controller through a wireless device such as a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, in this case, an android based Smart phone.
This was one of my Diploma in Engineering Projects.
It's a Voice controlled Home Automation System which works with the Internet. Which means you can control your home appliances from anywhere.
I did the Presentation for the Home Automation System. I was also one of the core team members who made it happen.
Here are the complete powerpoint slides.
Thank You
This system is based on sensors and microcontroller. The features are to detect the obstacle for collision avoidance and it detects the object in directions left, right, down and front. The system is composed of the ultrasonic sensor, IR sensor and Arduino Mega 2560. It has a low cost and lightweight system design. By using these three items, it senses the distance with sensors and the blind stick frame is designed. And then send distance data to Arduino mega2560 controller. In emergency situations, the blind walker knows the distance or safe area for themselves. Ma Naing | Nwe Nwe Oo | May Thwe Oo "Smart Blind Walking Stick Using Arduino" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26601.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/26601/smart-blind-walking-stick-using-arduino/ma-naing
Motion of curtains using Natural Language Processingijtsrd
Consider a scenario of a paraplegic person who is on the bed reading a book and wishes to close the door because of the noise outside. The old system would probably comprise of calling someone either the maid, or relative etc. to close the door. This project aims to automate many of the home items by the use of voice. It can be implemented using an embedded system such as a processor capable of processing natural language and a mechanical system to cause motion on the item accordingly. For a user of the system, all the person would need to do is give commands like “Open Doorâ€, “Close Door†etc. and the door would perform motion as per the instruction. To demonstrate the concept, we are automating the closing and opening of curtains purely based on voice instructions. Here, voice is taken as input by a microphone, sent to a processor, and is processed. This project is based on upcoming technologies and has wide scope throughout. Appropriate changes will have to be made depending upon the application and mechanical system used for the implementation but the core concept remains using voice as input to automate items, in particular household items. Minu Mariya Vilson | Menon Bhavana Rajan | Mithu Raveendran | Namitha Gopinath | Nelson Varghese | Mrs. Ann Rija Paul ""Motion of curtains using Natural Language Processing"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23199.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/23199/motion-of-curtains-using-natural-language-processing/minu-mariya-vilson
This Project worked if someone pass in front of the trash bin,ultrasonic sensor will detect the distance,we set the distance in less 10cm so if someone pass less 10 cm from the trashbin,ultrasonic sensor will work and moved the servo motor, so that the trash bin will be open,and the Green LED will On,and if the distance more that 10cm the trashbin will keep closed and the Red LED will On.
Arduino-Based Smart Dustbin - Hemant Verma - Google Docs.pdfHEMANTVERMA6592
Creating a detailed guide on an Arduino-based smart dustbin involves covering various aspects, from the components required to the programming code and the step-by-step construction process. While a 3000-word response may be too extensive for this format, I'll provide an overview of the key sections you might include in such a guide:
### Introduction (Approx. 200 words)
Introduce the concept of a smart dustbin and its benefits in terms of waste management and environmental sustainability. Briefly explain how an Arduino-based system can enhance the functionality of a traditional dustbin.
### Components and Materials (Approx. 400 words)
List and describe the necessary components for the smart dustbin project. This includes an Arduino board (like Arduino Uno), ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, dustbin, connecting wires, power supply, and a prototyping board. Explain why each component is essential to the project.
### Circuit Diagram (Approx. 300 words)
Provide a detailed circuit diagram of how the components will be connected. Explain the role of each element in the circuit and how they interact to create the smart functionality of the dustbin.
### Setting Up the Arduino IDE (Approx. 200 words)
Guide readers through the process of setting up the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) on their computers. Include instructions for installing the necessary drivers and selecting the correct board.
### Writing the Arduino Code (Approx. 600 words)
Provide a step-by-step guide to writing the Arduino code. Explain the logic behind the code, detailing how the ultrasonic sensor will measure the distance of the waste in the dustbin and how the servo motor will respond to open and close the lid accordingly.
### Assembling the Hardware (Approx. 500 words)
Walk through the physical construction of the smart dustbin. Offer detailed instructions on how to mount the ultrasonic sensor, attach the servo motor to the dustbin lid, and connect all the components to the Arduino board. Include images or diagrams to aid understanding.
### Powering the System (Approx. 200 words)
Explain the power requirements for the smart dustbin and guide users on how to connect the power supply. Include considerations for power consumption and potential energy-saving features.
### Testing and Troubleshooting (Approx. 300 words)
Provide a testing procedure for users to ensure their smart dustbin is functioning correctly. Address common issues and offer troubleshooting tips for problems that may arise during the assembly or testing phase.
### Conclusion (Approx. 100 words)
Summarize the key points of the guide, emphasizing the benefits of the Arduino-based smart dustbin and its potential impact on waste management. Encourage readers to experiment with and customize the project further.
### Additional Tips and Advanced Features (Approx. 200 words)
Offer suggestions for additional features or improvements that users can explore, such as incorporating wireless connectivity for
Third Eye for Blind using Ultrasonic Sensor Vibrator Gloveijtsrd
The primary goal of the project is to enable blind people to use an RF remote to find their gloves. This system gives visually impaired individuals walking exceptional security by incorporating a siren and attaching many sensors. Nowadays, individuals prioritize their safety above all else when they are driving, walking, or otherwise moving around. With the help of this system, we can track a blind persons whereabouts using a mobile device and receive emergency alert messages with their precise location. The technology also provides excellent security and shows them how to walk. The system has sensors for stair detection, soil detection, and obstacle recognition so that it may automatically identify impediments and deliver alerts. Using a soil moisture detector is used to find alerts in line with soil moisture levels. So that people may see the proper path while walking on the floor, stairs, and in many other locations, this approach can be very helpful. When an emergency arises, the system can be connected to a microcontroller and notify the appropriate people. A GPS receiver, a microcontroller, and a GSM modem are the components of this tracking system. This information is processed by the microcontroller and forwarded to the appropriate numbers after processing. Dr. B. Rambabu | S. Navya | M. Sahithi Vyas | A. Dishendra Sekhar "Third Eye for Blind using Ultrasonic Sensor Vibrator Glove" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd53888.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/53888/third-eye-for-blind-using-ultrasonic-sensor-vibrator-glove/dr-b-rambabu
Abstract : Fire incident is a disaster that results in the loss of life, damage to the property and endless disaster
to the victim. Fire extinguishing is an exceptionally unsafe undertaking and it might likewise include death risk.
Robotics is the answer to ensure the safeguarding of the surroundings and also the life of firefighters. Fire sensing
and extinguishing robot is a model which can be used in extinguishing the fire with minimum human intervention.
There is a threat to the life of the fire fighters in extinguishing the fire and there are some difficult areas where
they cannot reach like that in the tunnels. At similar kind of places this automatic robot is veritably useful to
perform the task. This robot can be controlled remotely by mobile phone using Bluetooth module. The robot is
equipped with the flame sensors that automatically detects the fire and gives the further signal to the extinguisher
units to start the pump and extinguish the fire by spraying water. Arduino uno is used as the microcontroller to
operate the whole operation. The proposed robot has been used for various trials and proper evaluation has been
done to check the proper functioning and to get the desired result
Abstract: Detection of fake news based on deep learning techniques is a major issue used to mislead people. For
the experiments, several types of datasets, models, and methodologies have been used to detect fake news. Also,
most of the datasets contain text id, tweets id, and user-based id and user-based features. To get the proper results
and accuracy various models like CNN (Convolution neural network), DEEP CNN, and LSTM (Long short-term
memory) are used
Abstract: A technology called Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) offers a far more effective computational
platform than CMOS. Through the polarization of electrons, digital information is represented. In comparison to
CMOS technology, it is more attractive because to its size, faster speed, feature, high degree of scalability, greater
switching frequency, and low power consumption. This paper suggests structures of basic logic gates in the QCA
technology. For the aim of verification, the produced circuits aresimulated, and their results are then compared
to those of their published counterparts. The comparison outcomes provide hope for adding the suggested
structures to the collection of QCA gates.
ABSTRACT: In the field of computer science known as "machine learning," a computer makes predictions about
the tasks it will perform next by examining the data that has been given to it. The computer can access data via
interacting with the environment or by using digitalized training sets. In contrast to static programming
algorithms, which require explicit human guidance, machine learning algorithms may learn from data and
generate predictions on their own. Various supervised and unsupervised strategies, including rule-based
techniques, logic-based techniques, instance-based techniques, and stochastic techniques, have been presented in
order to solve problems. Our paper's main goal is to present a comprehensive comparison of various cutting-edge
supervised machine learning techniques.
Abstract: In many fields, such as industry, commerce, government, and education, knowledge discovery and data
mining can be immensely valuable to the subject of Artificial Intelligence. Because of the recent increase in
demand for KDD techniques, such as those used in machine learning, databases, statistics, knowledge acquisition,
data visualisation, and high performance computing, knowledge discovery and data mining have grown in
importance. By employing standard formulas for computational correlations, we hope to create an integrated
technique that can be used to filter web world social information and find parallels between similar tastes of
diverse user information in a variety of settings
Abstract—This paper provides a brief overview of the Intelligent Traffic Management System based on Artificial
Neural Networks (ANN). It is being utilized to enhance the present traffic management system and human resource
reliance. The most basic problem with the current traffic lights is their dependency on humans for their working.
The technologies used in the making of this automated traffic lights are Internet of Things, Machine Learning and
Artificial Intelligence. The basic steps used in Internet of Things are reported along with different ANN trainings.
This ANN model can be used for the minimization of traffic on roads and less waiting time at traffic lights. As a
result, we can make traffic lights more automated which in turn eventually deceases our dependency on human
resources
MANET Mutual Authentication System (IMMAS) provides an implied mutual authentication or all routing and data traffic with in a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) by combining Elliptic Curve Crypt-ography a public- key crypto-system, with the MANETs Routing Protocol. IMMAS provides security by effectively hiding network topology from adver-saries while reducing the potential for, among other things, traffic analysis and data tampering, all while providing a graceful degradation for each of the authentication components. Current research in MANET's tends to focus primarily on routing issue leaving topics such as security and authentication for future research. IMMAS focuses on achieving a higher level of security with the potential for substantial increases in efficiency of processing power and bandwidth compared to alternative exterior mechanism tacked on after protocol development and Standardization.
Cloud computing makes the dream ofcomputing real as a tool and in the form of service. This internet based ongoing technology which has brought flexibility, capacity and power of processing has realized service- oriented idea and has created a new ecosystem in the computing world with its great power and benefits. Cloud capabilities have been able to move IT industry one step forward. Nowadays, large and famous enterprise has resorted to cloud computing and have transferred their processing and storage to it. Due to popularity and progress of cloud in different organizations, cloud performance evaluation is of special importance and this evaluation can help users make right decisions. In this paper we define the cloud perfor-mance issues which are cause for quality of any cloud or database. In the cloud we can improve the performance by the reducing these issues. We also provide a large view of latency which is a hot topic in the research field for improving the performance of cloud.
This paper considers the waiting of students in colleges at the time of admissions at fee counter as a single-channel queuing system with Poisson arrivals and exponential service rate where service discipline is first come first serve. Queue is a common phenom-enon which has seen usually in colleges at the time of fee submission. Hence queuing theory which is the mathematical study of waiting lines or queue is suitable to be applied in the fee counter because it is associated with queue and waiting line where students who cannot be served immediately have to queue for service
In the present work, a dynamic model is developed for the Multi-effect evaporator (MEE) to study the transient behavior of the system. Each effect in the process is represented by some variables which are related to the energy and material balance equ-ations for the feed, product and liquor flow. Backward feed is used for the development of the model for six effect evaporator system. For the steady state and dynamic simulation, the 'fsolve' and 'ODE45' solvers in MATLAB source code is used respectively.
This paper analyzes a bi-directional DC-DC converter having four active switches for higher transformation ratio. The converter steps up the DC voltage in forward direction and steps down in reverse direction and various modes of operation are possible. To investigate the performance of converter, simulations are performed on MATLAB/ Simpower system platform. To study reverse power flow capability, PMBLDC motor is connected as load andregeneration is carried out.
This paper presents decentralized control scheme for Load Frequency Control in a Power System by appreciating the performance of the methods in a two area hybrid interconnected powersystem. This project analysis is done with the use of Autonmatic Generation Control of Interconnected using Load Frequency control. The Power system whole system is tuned with the help of integral controller to reduce area control error and error in tieline which may cause impr-ovement in the steady state output of inter-connected hybrid system. Load freq-uency control (LFC)including PI controller is proposed in order to suppress frequency deviations for a power system involving gas, hydro and thermal plants owing to load and generating power fluctuations caused by penetration of renewable resources. Restructuring of whole power system is done by dividing it into GENCO, TRANSCO, DISCO and ISO which has been explained in detail in the report. The power generated by the GENCO has to be sold to DISCO at optimum rates. DISCO and GENCO will have contracts within its own area or with intercon-nected area and thus the power is exchanged between their interconnected area according to the contracts scheduled between them.ln this system there are four GENCOs namely, steam, hydro and gas and four DISCO interconnected using bilateral contract and the modeling of the system is done using MAT LAB simulation. It employs Synchronous static series compensator.. The robustness and reliability of the various control schemes is examined through simulations. The significant improvement of optimal transient performance is observed with the addition of a these controllers.
A reduced size slotted rectangular micro strip patch antenna is introduced which exploits RT DUROID 5880 substrate from Rogers-Corp with dielectric constant of 2.2 and thickness of 0.76mm. The proposed antenna uses a finite ground plane with slotted rectangular patch to achieve an excellent impedance matching, high gain, along with operating frequency range of 3.06-3.145GHz and a radiation efficiency of 95.524%. The various simulations are provided to evaluate its performance parameters. This antenna is highly efficient for S-band (3.1-10 GHz) applications.
Due to demand of voice, data and multimedia, the services in telecommunications are increasing day by day. The wireless network providers are facing so many problems and it is difficult to provide cost effective and reliable service to each consumer. To deal with these problems, optical fiber communication system was introduced. But when a signal of combined order is transmitted through optical fiber a large amount of distortion is received. The motivation of this work was non-linearity present in the fiber communication that can be compensated by dispersion. So the higher order study needed typical values of parameters of fiber core radius, length of fiber and power attenuation constant. Moreover the study of higher order dispersion for the fiber optic communication system becomes important.
In the microwave field, Gunn diode oscillators have important role in the development of commutnication systems because of its low noise behavior and medium power. The primary application of Gunn diode is as a local oscillator in microwave receivers. At higher microwave frequencies, transistors cannot generate required low noise power, suitable for receivers. The Gunn diode is two-terminal solid-state negative impedance device, where the real part of the impedance is negative over a range of frequencies. This paper introduces Design Philosophy of high-frequency Gunn Oscillators and discusses the design and implementation steps to produce the oscillator. For example the Waveguide Cavity Gunn Oscillator at 94 GHz frequency, which consists of a packaged Gunn device mounted in WR-IO waveguide, and tuning plunger is used to tune the desired frequency. The matching circuit is a post mounting network and a waveguide — height transformer.
Radio-frequency identification technology, based on the reader/tag paradigm, is quickly permeating several aspects of everyday life. To allow optimum impedance matching with enhanced CP bandwidth, the microstrip feed technique is employed in this design. The design of a simple UHF (ultrahigh frequency) RFID (radio frequency identification) reader antenna that operates within the 900 MHz band (902—928 MHz) is studied. To allow optimum impedance matching with enhanced CP bandwidth, the proposed antenna can also yield an impedance bandwidth (10-dB return loss) from 880 to 1100 MHz, while good CP performances between 901 to 930 MHz are exhibited.
Sign language recognition will be a boost to the hard hearing and deaf people. It is a topic of current research in Computer Science and Engineering field. Deaf people are not able to use the computers and other hand held devices as it is very difficult for them to interact with such devices. So, a lot of research is going on to help them in this area. Either no standard database or no system is available to carry research in this area in India for them. In this research paper we developed a system for hard hearing and physically impaired persons. Here we presented a framework about Indian Sign Language (ISL) with international standards.Planned Outline For Indian Sign Language Recognition
Sign language recognition will be a boost to the hard hearing and deaf people. It is a topic of current research in Computer Science and Engineering field. Deaf people are not able to use the computers and other hand held devices as it is very difficult for them to interact with such devices. So, a lot of research is going on to help them in this area. Either no standard database or no system is available to carry research in this area in India for them. In this research paper we developed a system for hard hearing and physically impaired persons. Here we presented a framework about Indian Sign Language (ISL) with international standards.
MANETs can manage dynamic infrastructure and can stay active rapid changes in the network topology. The one of the key challenges in deploying Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks is routing with scalable and robustness. The objective of this paper is to create of the different mobile ad-hoc routing protocols, and to survey and compare representative examples for every classification of protocols. In this paper we compared three types of routing protocols i.e. pro-active, reactive and hybrid. In order to operate the Ad-hoc Networks as efficiently as possible, appropriate on-demand routing protocols have to be incorporated, to find best effective routes between source to destination. In this paper we provide an overview of a wide range of the existing routing protocols with focused on their characteristics and functionality. This paper focus on the survey of re-active (on-demand), proactive (table-driven) and hybrid routing protocols like AODV, DSDV and ZRP. Further this paper will help the researchers to get an overview of the existing protocols and suggest which protocols may perform better with respect to varying network scenarios.
Bug report is a report which contains the information about the defects in the system or in the software. Generally, bug report contains the issues written by the wide variety of reporters, with different levels of training and knowledge about the system being discussed. Bug tracking systems are made to manage bug reports, which are collected from various sources. These bug reports are needed to be labeled as security bug reports or non security bug reports, since security bug reports (SBRs) contain more risk than non-security bug reports (NSBRs). In this paper we are using Naive Bayes classifier to classify the bug reports. With naive bayes classifier, feature subset selection method such as Gain Ratio is applied to rank the attributes of the dataset. Gain Ratio is utilized as an iterative process where we select smaller sets of features in incremental manner. Result prove that the classification accuracy is high for attributes having high gain ratio and low for attributes having low gain ratio.
In the present investigation, a steady-state mathematical model is developed for a typical four stage Industry. Each stage of the sequence is composed of chemical additions and mixing, reaction in a reten-tion tower, and washing. Unit operation models were formulated using mass balances on liquor, fibres, kappa number, chemicals and COD based on the assumption of perfect mixing and quasi steady-state. The COD is used in this paper as an indication of the amount of effluent coming out from four bleaching stages. COD measurement of bleach plant effluent separately is not a routine mill measure-ment; so COD is calculated in the basis of correlation of COD given by Anjana . In order to validate the model, the simulated results were compared the literature data; a good agreement between the simulation results with the literature data is achieved. In the case studies, the optimization of the process variables are performed in which the effects of operating temperature, residence time, consistency, bleaching liquor flow rate and the wash water flow rates in the washers are studied.
More from NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET) (20)
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
1. NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET)
Volume 10, Issue summer 2022 ISSN: 2229-5828 (Print)
24 | Page
Publisher: Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology,
19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida (UP), India.
Abstract : The project’s major goal is to create an intelligent trash can that would aid in maintaining a clean
and environmentally friendly environment. The Swachh Bharat Mission motivates us. Since technology is
becoming increasingly intelligent, we are utilising Arduino nano to develop an intelligent dustbin to help clean
the environment. The ultrasonic sensors on the trashcan are part of the dustbin control and management system,
which happens to be designed with a microcontroller-based platform. In the suggested method, we used an
ARDUINO NANO, an ultrasonic sensor, a Mini servo motor, and jumper wire linked to a charger to construct an
intelligent trash can. The Smart Dustbin application will launch when all hardware and software connections
have been made. Dustbin lid will wait for the person to pass by at a distance of 60 cm.
Keywords - Arduino Nano, Microcontroller, IOT, mini servo.
1. INTRODUCTION
Our country's population is growing quickly, and there is also more than ever garbage, which has led to an increase
in environmental degradation. A dustbin is a trashcan that is used for recyclable, non-recyclable, decomposable,
and recyclable products, as well as waste. They are typically used in homes, offices, universities, and schools,
among other places, but if they're stuffed., nobody is there to clean them up, thus trash spills out. A dustbin's
surroundings might also contribute to an increase in pollution. Dustbin air pollution can result in the development
of germs and viruses that can cause fatal human illnesses. As a result, we created a smart trash can that uses the
ARDUINO NANO, an ultrasonic sensor that can detect an object.
2. METHODOLOGY: SMART DUSTBIN
ARDUINO NANO is a project completely based primarily on IOT. Here we use Arduino Nano to execute the
code to open the lid and waited while using an ultrasonic sensor for sensing. for a while. With its help, it will bear
drastic modifications in terms of cleanliness. Everything comes with smart time to move human beings. As a
result, the use of age facilitates the preservation of the environment. Since this litter box is entirely sensor-based,
it would be simple for people of any age to access and operate. We also want to make it inexpensive so that many
people may take use of it. And everyone should be able to use and benefit from it.
We need some hardware and some software to finish our project.
1. Required Software:
1) ARDUINO IDE
2. Required Hardware:
1)Arduino Nano
2)Ultrasonic sensor
3)Mini-servo motor
4)Dustbin
5)Jumper Wires (male to female and male to male)
SMART DUSTBIN USING ARDUINO
NANO
Shudhanshu Ranjan1
, Shashank Singh1
Dhananjay Singh2
, Anshuman Singh2
, Pavan Kumar Shukla2
, Vinod M. Kapse2
1
Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Greater Noida
2
Faculty, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Greater Noida
2. NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET)
Volume 10, Issue summer 2022 ISSN: 2229-5828 (Print)
25 | Page
Publisher: Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology,
19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida (UP), India.
3. PROCEDURE
Setup for the MINI-SERVO Motor Connection:
Let me now walk you through how to set up and construct the Smart Dustbin using Arduino. We'll begin by
discussing the process for opening the lid. We utilized a little servo motor for this, as you may have already
guessed. I used fast glue to attach a little plastic tube to servo horn, horn with one end, to open the lid. The tube
resembled the empty refill of a ballpoint pen. This device has to be situated close to the dustbin's lid in order to
operate. This dustbin arrangement was created and built utilizing an Arduino system. I'll start with the dustbin lid
opening mechanism, which uses a tiny servo motor.
Adding an Ultrasonic Sensor:
After successfully installing the tiny servo motor, the ultrasonic sensor is now installed at the front of the trash
can.
Wire connections to the component:
All of the wires from the small servo motor and ultrasonic sensor components are linked to the corresponding
Arduino Nano pins. The construction of the Smart Dustbin is now complete. The Arduino code has been provided,
and it includes connections for all the hardware and software.
Circuit Diagram:
Fig 1: Circuit Diagram:
The smart bin's wiring schematic is seen above. The microcontroller-equipped ARDUINO NANO board is a
crucial component of the NANO board. They may be found in this next component as a power supply, an
ultrasonic module, a small servo motor, etc.
For this project and the components used, the existing distance between the bin and the hand is fixed at 60 cm.
Ultrasonic Sensor: -
It measures the distance between an approaching hand or item and the smart trash can. A two- drum ultrasonic
sensor module. The ultrasonic pulse is transmitted using one of the drums, while the ultrasonic signal is received
using the other drum. The echo pin of the module is high when an item is detected or sensed using ultrasound.
3. NIET Journal of Engineering & Technology (NIETJET)
Volume 10, Issue summer 2022 ISSN: 2229-5828 (Print)
26 | Page
Publisher: Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology,
19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida (UP), India.
The placement of the obstruction has a complete impact on how long the reflected pulse waits. We may use the
formula to determine the distance, once we get the echo signal.
4. WORKING
The next step after setting up the connection is to upload or send the code to the Arduino Nano and power the
circuit.
The Arduino mini continuously monitors everything that comes within 60 cm of the sensor when the device is
switched on.
When an object such as a hand is detected by the ultrasonic sensor, the Arduino will determine its distance. If this
distance is smaller than a certain threshold, a small servomotor is first activated with the help of the extended arm
of the lid.
The lid will open for a certain amount of time before closing on its own.
5. ADVANTAGES
The benefits of employing a Smart dustbin are as follows:
80 percent fewer garbage collections needed, which would require less labor, emissions, fuel and road
congestion.
Reducing the required amount of trash.
Keep the environment clean (i.e. no waste overflow and less unpleasant smell).
It will contribute to the advancement of clean-tech technologies. It will contribute advancement in the area
of cleanliness.
6. CONCLUSIONS
In this move towards purity, we will change things. When combined with advanced trash compaction and waste
monitoring technology, smart waste bins outperform traditional dustbins by a wide margin. It includes many smart
devices, including Arduino sensors. The bin lid opens automatically when something approaches it and closes
again after a certain period of time. Here we will make an evolutionary change towards purity. Smart bins are
continually superior to conventional bins because they combine smart waste monitoring and garbage compaction
technology. It has smart gadgets like Arduino sensors and other things. When an item approaches the trash can,
the lid automatically opens; it then automatically closes after a certain amount of time.
7. FUTURE SCOPE
Smart trash cans aid in the reduction of pollution. Many times, garbage cans are overflowing, and dogs or rats
frequently access the cans or the area around them. This makes a poor situation. Additionally, several birds are
attempting to remove trash from the trashcan. Since there is no physical contact between the trash can and the
person, we will be protected from germs and illnesses.
REFERENCES
[1] Kumar NS, Vuayalakshmi B, Prarthana RJ, Shankar A. IOT based smart garbage alert system using
Arduino UNO. In2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON) 2016 Nov 22 (pp. 1028- 1034). IEEE.
[2] Reddy PS, Naik RN, Kumar AA, Kishor SN. Wireless dust bin monitoring and alert system using
Arduino. In2017 Second International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication
Technologies (ICECCT) 2017 Feb 22 (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
[3] Anushri G, Manikandan A, Nivas P, Vignesh K. Garbage Monitoring System Using Arduino.
[4] Hassan SA, Jameel NG, Şekeroğlu B. Smart solid waste monitoring and collection system. International
Journal. 2016 Oct;6(10).