1) Specific language impairment (SLI) is not caused by brain damage like aphasia in adults, as brain scans do not typically show injuries in children with SLI unless they have other neurological issues.
2) Some studies have found subtle abnormalities in brain structure and function associated with SLI, such as minor differences in grey matter volumes or reduced activity in language areas during tasks.
3) People with a history of SLI may show weaker lateralization of language functions to the left side of the brain compared to typically developing individuals. However, the evidence from brain studies is mixed and abnormalities are often subtle or not present in all individuals with SLI.
Slides to accompany RALLI video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGuO1cL4gHQ
For references go to: http://www.slideshare.net/RALLICampaign/cn-slcn-17230953
Speech sound disorders is an umbrella term referring to any combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or the phonological representation of speech sounds and speech segments that impact speech intelligibility.
Known causes of speech sound disorders include motor-based disorders (apraxia and dysarthria), structurally based disorders and conditions (e.g., cleft palate and other craniofacial anomalies), syndrome/condition-related disorders (e.g., Down syndrome) and sensory-based conditions (e.g., hearing impairment.
Speech sound disorders include Articulation disorder & Phonological disorder.
Assessments include screening and detailed comprehensive assessment.
Effective treatment of speech sound disorder include Contrast therapy, Core vocabulary approach ,Cycles Approach, Distinctive feature therapy, Naturalistic speech intelligibility intervention,Non speech oral motor therapy,Speech sound perception training.
Learn more about how children learn to listen...what we can and should expect from infants and toddlers regarding their receptive language and listening skills...how we, as ADULTS, can engage young children so that they can most effectively listen and learn!
Introducing dyslexia and some basic principles in order to raise awareness for International students plus an activity - how it feels to be dyslexic.
A presentation for MA TEFL
Slides to accompany RALLIcampaign YouTube presentation by Professor Dorothy Bishop on Genetics and SLI
A full-length videoed lecture on this topic can be found here:
http://podcasts.ox.ac.uk/languages-disorders-children-what-can-they-tell-us-about-genes-and-brains-video
OR audio version here:
http://podcasts.ox.ac.uk/languages-disorders-children-what-can-they-tell-us-about-genes-and-brains-audio
Preprint of:
Bishop, D. V. M. (2004). Specific language impairment: diagnostic dilemmas. In L. Verhoeven & H. Van Balkom (Eds.), Classification of Developmental Language Disorders (pp. 309-326). Mahwah, NJ.: Erlbaum.
Slides to accompany RALLI video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGuO1cL4gHQ
For references go to: http://www.slideshare.net/RALLICampaign/cn-slcn-17230953
Speech sound disorders is an umbrella term referring to any combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or the phonological representation of speech sounds and speech segments that impact speech intelligibility.
Known causes of speech sound disorders include motor-based disorders (apraxia and dysarthria), structurally based disorders and conditions (e.g., cleft palate and other craniofacial anomalies), syndrome/condition-related disorders (e.g., Down syndrome) and sensory-based conditions (e.g., hearing impairment.
Speech sound disorders include Articulation disorder & Phonological disorder.
Assessments include screening and detailed comprehensive assessment.
Effective treatment of speech sound disorder include Contrast therapy, Core vocabulary approach ,Cycles Approach, Distinctive feature therapy, Naturalistic speech intelligibility intervention,Non speech oral motor therapy,Speech sound perception training.
Learn more about how children learn to listen...what we can and should expect from infants and toddlers regarding their receptive language and listening skills...how we, as ADULTS, can engage young children so that they can most effectively listen and learn!
Introducing dyslexia and some basic principles in order to raise awareness for International students plus an activity - how it feels to be dyslexic.
A presentation for MA TEFL
Slides to accompany RALLIcampaign YouTube presentation by Professor Dorothy Bishop on Genetics and SLI
A full-length videoed lecture on this topic can be found here:
http://podcasts.ox.ac.uk/languages-disorders-children-what-can-they-tell-us-about-genes-and-brains-video
OR audio version here:
http://podcasts.ox.ac.uk/languages-disorders-children-what-can-they-tell-us-about-genes-and-brains-audio
Preprint of:
Bishop, D. V. M. (2004). Specific language impairment: diagnostic dilemmas. In L. Verhoeven & H. Van Balkom (Eds.), Classification of Developmental Language Disorders (pp. 309-326). Mahwah, NJ.: Erlbaum.
Clearcut cases of autism and specific language impairment are easy to distinguish, but some children don't fit neatly into these diagnostic categories. Professor Dorothy Bishop discusses research looking at the issues around diagnostic differentiation of these conditions.
Autism and specific language impairment both involve problems with language and communcation, so how are they distinguished? This slide show accompanies a youtube video for the RALLI campaign.
http://www.youtube.com/rallicampaign
Late talkers and specific language impairmentDorothy Bishop
When should we be concerned about late-talking toddlers? A slideshow by Professor Dorothy Bishop of Oxford University for the RALLI campaign.
see http://www.youtube.com/rallicampaign
When a child is slow to start to talk, this can cause understandable concern. Professor Dorothy Bishop discusses recent research clarifying the distinctions between late-talkers, late bloomers, and specific language impairment.
Neurodevelopmental disorders: are our current diagnostic labels fit for purpose?Dorothy Bishop
Slides from a talk given at University of Western Australia on Tuesday 2nd October 2012, This lecture was co-hosted by the ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and
its Disorders and the Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Western Australia
Specific learning disorder - reading disorder, mathematics disorder, and disorder of written expression and learning disorder NOS .
neurodevelopmental disorder produced by the interactions of genetic and environmental factors that influence the brain's ability to perceive or process verbal and nonverbal information efficiently.
Bishop, D. V. M. (2009). Genes, cognition and communication: insights from neurodevelopmental disorders. The Year in Cognitive Neuroscience: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156, 1-18.
Role of Speech Therapy in Overcoming Lexical Deficit in Adult Broca’s Aphasia
Tanzeela Abid & Dr. Habibullah Pathan,
English Language Development Centre, Faculty of Science, Technology and Humanities, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan
This is an exploratory study and qualitative in nature. Unit of exploration is ‘Adult Broca’s Aphasic Patients.’ This paper aims to explore the function and integrity of ‘Speech Therapy’ for adult Broca’s aphasia. Aphasia is the after-effect of brain damage, commonly found in left hemisphere which disrupts language faculty. The present study focuses on ‘Lexical’ aspect of language in which an individual faces trouble in processing of words. In Broca’s aphasia affected individual suffers from diminished capability of speaking/communication. To recover such diminished capabilities, speech therapy is utilized. This study intends to investigate the effectiveness of speech therapy that how speech therapy helps to adult Broca’s aphasia to recover their speaking or conversing skills? Participants of the study are ‘Speech therapists.’ Purposeful sampling, particularly Snowball sampling has been undertaken. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted from five speech therapists, which have been analyzed through thematic analysis under the light of ‘Sketch Model’ given by De ruiter and De beer (2013). The Findings of the study suggest that speech therapy may be proved helpful for Broca’s aphasia to recover their communicating capabilities but it requires much time (minimum 6 months). Moreover, recovery depends upon certain factors such as age, level of disorder and willingness.
Keywords: Broca’s Aphasia, Lexical Deficit, Speech Therapy, Communication, Speaking Skills
The Sixth International Conference on Languages, Linguistics, Translation and Literature
9-10 October 2021 , Ahwaz
For more information, please visit the conference website:
WWW.LLLD.IR
Reading and oral language: Connections and Interventions key pointsRALLICampaign
A RADLD information sheet from Professor Maggie Snowling and Professor Charles Hulme about links between language and literacy. This information sheet relates to the RADLD film and slides 'Oral language: The foundations of reading and reading intervention'
Can bilingualism cause problems for children? Which language should parents speak? Should parents avoid mixing languages? This slideshare accompanies a RALLI film by Dr Vicky Murphy providing some basic information about bilingualism based on the research evidence. http://youtu.be/p9iWG0M5z40
For an index of the RALLI films and slides see: http://ralliindex.blogspot.co.uk
Slideshow to accompany RALLI presentation on SLI and reading impairment: 2 - reading comprehension by Prof Maggie Snowling. The film can be found at http://youtu.be/6Vt41eM3-xg References can be found at http://www.slideshare.net/RALLICampaign/reading-comprehension-reference-list
LLevarse bien con otros: La amistad en adolescents con TEL
La Profesora Gina Conti-Ramsden discute temas relacionados con la formación de amistades en individuos con TEL (vean el videoclip en htpp://www.youtube.com/RALLIcampaign)
Professor Gina Conti-Ramsden discusses issues related to friendships in adolescents with SLI. These slides accompany the RALLI YouTube piece on this theme.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
2. Damage to
these areas
on the left
side of the
brain
usually
causes
language
disorder
(aphasia)
in adults
3. Specific language impairment (SLI)
is sometimes called
“developmental dysphasia”
or “developmental aphasia”
But the causes are different from
causes of adult acquired aphasia
4. Evidence against brain damage in
children with SLI: 1.
Children who do have brain injury affecting
the language areas don’t usually develop SLI
5. Extreme example of language development
after early damage to language areas
Brain scan after removal of
diseased cortex on left side of
brain to control epilepsy
Child without left-sided
language areas can still learn
to talk and understand!
Right side able to take over
language functions
6. Evidence against brain damage in
children with SLI: 2.
Brain scans don’t usually show evidence of
any injury, unless child also has other signs of
neurological damage
– E.g., epilepsy or motor (movement) problems
severe enough to indicate brain damage
7. Early study comparing children with SLI
with a typically-developing control group
Routine examination of MRI structural brain scans:
•No abnormality in 16/20 scans of language-impaired
•Slight abnormalities in the other four
•No abnormality in 8/12 typically-developing control children
•Slight abnormalities in the other four
Emphasises that we should not over-interpret slight abnormalities
– they are common!
Jernigan, T., Hesselink, J. R., Sowell, E., & Tallal, P. (1991). Cerebral structure on
magnetic resonance imaging in language- and learning-impaired children. Archives of
Neurology, 48, 539-545.
8. “There is now overwhelming evidence
that children with [specific] learning
disabilities do not have “holes in the
brain”. No ..studies have found a one-
to-one correlation between behavioural
symptoms and MRI or postmortem
pathology in [specific] learning
disabilities”C. Leonard, 1997, p 161
Because of UK/US differences in terminology, [specific] added for clarification
Leonard, C. M. (1997). Language and the prefrontal cortex. In N. Krasnegor, G. R. Lyon
& P. S. Goldman-Rakic (Eds.), Prefrontal cortex: Evolution, development, and behavioral
neuroscience (pp. 141-166). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
9. Abnormal brain development in SLI?
Growing evidence that genes are important in
causing SLI
Genetic influence could affect early stages of
brain development
What would this look like?
– Brain may be atypical in shape/size?
– Connections between brain regions affected?
– Microscopic differences in brain cell arrangements?
Not many studies: still early days
10. Rare cases with malformations affecting
language areas: perisylvian polymicrogyria
Malformation evident from brain
scans
Typically associated with very
severe expressive language
difficulties and epilepsy
See blog by Rob Rummel-Hudson who
described the long pathway to getting a
diagnosis for his daughter, Schuyler
http://www.schuylersmonsterblog.com/
11. More commonly, only subtle evidence
of developmental abnormality on MRI
Frontal language
region (defined in blue)
very variable from
person to person:
Here looked at number
of ridges (gyri) and
fissures (sulci) in this
IFS: inferior frontal sulcus region
AAR: anterior ascending ramus
AHR: anterior horizontal ramus
PCS: precentral sulcus
Clark, M. M., & Plante, E. (1998). Morphology of the inferior frontal gyrus in
developmentally language-disordered adults. Brain and Language, 61, 288-303.
12. Clark & Plante study
Number of people with extra sulcus (either side)
1. Parents of language-impaired child
Parent with no language problems: 5/10 = 50%
Parent also has language problems: 20/30 = 67%
2. Parents of child without language problems
Parent has no language problems: 13/34 = 38%
Parent also has language problems: 6/8 = 75%
Conclusion: Greater chance of extra sulcus in those with language problems,
but association is far from perfect:
•Around 1/3 of adults with no language difficulties in self or child have extra
sulcus,
•Around 1/3 of adults with language difficulies in self AND child don’t have
extra sulcus
13. Subtle brain abnormalities associated with
rare gene mutation that cases SLI
Yellow:
Affected members of KE
family (N = 10) had LESS
grey matter than 10 age-
matched controls
Yellow:
Affected family members
had MORE grey matter
than controls
Watkins, K. E., (2002). MRI analysis of an inherited speech and language disorder:
structural brain abnormalities. Brain, 25, 465-478.
14. Study using structural and functional
scanning of children with SLI
• No gross differences seen in the brain
• Subtle differences in language areas in distribution of grey
matter – very similar pattern to KE family
• Also did functional brain imaging (fMRI). Can’t record brain
activation while speaking, because movements interfere
with the recording. But can look at activation of language
areas when doing a silent language task:
• Hear a word definition (e.g. “bees make it”) and must
think of the word
Badcock, N., Bishop, D., Hardiman, M., Barry, J. G., & Watkins, K. (2011). Co-
localisation of abnormal brain structure and function in Specific Language Impairment.
Brain and Language, 120(3), 310-320. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.10.006
15. fMRI: Activation to Silent Naming
Amount of brain
activation in silent
naming task for
typical children
(blue), brothers and
sisters of children
with SLI (green) and
children with SLI
(red).
SLI group shows
reduced activity in
language regions
Badcock, N., Bishop, D., Hardiman, M., Barry, J. G., & Watkins, K. (2011). Co-
localisation of abnormal brain structure and function in Specific Language Impairment.
Brain and Language, 120(3), 310-320. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.10.006
16. Cerebral lateralisation
Two sides of the
brain look similar,
but function
differently
In most people, the
left side is more
active during
language tasks
17. Study using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound to
measure blood flow to left and right sides of brain while
thinking of words starting with a given letter
Adults with history of SLI or autism
Laterality index
L biased
R biased
typical ASD + low SLI SLI
N=11 language history current
N = 11 N= 9 N = 11
Whitehouse, A. J. O., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2008). Cerebral dominance for language
function in adults with specific language impairment or autism. Brain, 131, 3193-3200.
18. Study using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound to
measure blood flow to left and right sides of brain while
thinking of words starting with a given letter
Adults with history of SLI or autism
People with
Laterality index
L biased language
difficulties tend
to be less
lateralised.
R biased
We don’t yet
know why this
typical ASD + low SLI SLI is so
N=11 language history current
N = 11 N= 9 N = 11
Whitehouse, A. J. O., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2008). Cerebral dominance for language
function in adults with specific language impairment or autism. Brain, 131, 3193-3200.
19. Overall…..
Most children with Specific Language Impairment
don’t have any evidence of brain damage
They may have slight differences in the size of
different brain regions, or in the balance of activity
on left and right sides
The differences are typically small and not seen in all
children with SLI
It’s not possible to diagnose SLI from a brain scan
Neurological investigations aren’t usually
recommended unless the child has very severe
language difficulties, physical impairments (motor
problems) or epilepsy
20. For further reading
see reference list on:
http://www.slideshare.net/RALLICampaign/sli-and-
the-brain