Sleep disorders are medical conditions that involve changes in sleep patterns that can cause issues like excessive daytime sleepiness. They are classified according to causes like physical, medical, psychiatric, or environmental factors and are also classified as dyssomnias or parasomnias according to the DSM. Common types include insomnia, hypersomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, sleep terrors, nightmares, sleepwalking, and restless leg syndrome. Symptoms vary but can include issues with falling or staying asleep, irregular breathing during sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, inability to move upon waking, and abnormal leg movements during sleep.

1. SLEEP DISORDER

2. DEFINITION
•Sleep disorder are changes in that you
sleep some of the sign & symptoms of
sleep disorder including excessive day
time sleepiness, irregular breathing or
increased movement during sleep &
difficulty feeling in sleep

3. • A sleep disorder, or somnipathy, is a medical
disorder of the sleep pattern of a person .
• It affcat the person normal life

4. CAUSES OF SLEEP DISORDER
• 1 PHYSICAL DISTURBANCE - pain
• 2 MEDICAL ISSUES – asthma
• 3 PSYCHIATRIC CAUSES – depression anxiety
• 4 ENVIRONMENAL CAUSES –alcohol, smoking
• 5 OTHER CAUSES – side effect of medication,
heavy dinner, late night exercise

5. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO DSM
DYSSOMNIAS
• 1 – primary insomnia
• 2 – primary hypersomnia
• 3 – narcolepsy
• 4 – sleep apnea
PARASOMNIAS
• 1 – sleep terror disorder
• 2 – nightmare disorder
• 3 – sleep walking disorder
• 4 – circadian rhythm disorder
• 5 – nocturnal myoclonus
• 6 – restless leg syndrome
• 7 – sleep drunkness
• 8 - bruxism

7. 1 PRIMARY INSOMNIA
•Appear slightly more common among female
they cause primary insomnia can be different
for each individual but often involve
perception with the inability to sleep or
excessive work about sleep. Many pt report
that they sleep better away from home

9. 2. PRIMARY HYPERSOMNIA
•Seen more common in males. It include
excessive sleepiness over a period of at
least one month as evidence by prolong
sleep during the night or excessive day
time sleep.

10. •Some research suggest
that sleep disruption
during the night cause the
individual to lack of rapid
eye movement sleep &
therefore feel tired despite
the fact he or she has slept
through the night.

11. 3. NARCOLEPSY
•A disorder characterised by excessive
daytime sleepiness and abnormalities
of REM sleep over a period of
greater than 3 months.

13. SYMPTOMS
• CATAPLEXY – sudden loss of muscles tone after
a strong emotional stimulus such as laughter, fear
• DECREASE REM SLEEP – very short REM seen
• SLEEP PARALYSIS – inability to move the body
for few second after awaking.

14. • Sleep apnea is cessation of
airflow at the nose or mouth
during sleep. These apneic
episodes usually last longer
than 10 seconds each. It
characterised by aloud snore
followed by heavy pause.
• Usually seen in obese, middle
aged males.

15. TYPES
•1 obstructive - muscles atonia in oropharynx
•2 control – lack of respiratory efforts
•3 mixed –control at 1th but prolonged due to
collapse of the airway.

17. 1. SLEEP TERROR DISORDER
•Repetative experience of fright in
which a person ( usually a child )
screams in fear during sleep.

18. •The person cannot
be awakened . The
person has no
memory of having a
dream.

19. 2. NIGHTMARE DISORDER
•Occur during REM
sleep.
•Repetative frightening
dreams that cause night
time awakening.
•The person can usually
reeale the nightmare.

21. 4. CIRCADIAN RHYTHM SLEEP DISORDER
•Inability to sleep an appropriate time
delayed sleep phase type involves falling
a sleep & walking.

22. •Repetitive abrupt
muscular contrection
in legs from toes to
hip.
•More common in the
elderls.

24. 7. SLEEP DRUNKENESS
•Difficulty awakened
fully after adequate
sleep must be
differentiated from
substance abuse or sleep
disorder associate with
genetic fector

25. •Tooth grinding
during second
stage of sleep can
lead to tooth
damage.