Keppel Ltd. 1Q 2024 Business Update Presentation Slides
Six Sigma Quality Using R: Tools and Training
1. 6σ Quality Using R
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Six Sigma Quality Using R
Roles
Tools Tools and Training
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Emilio Lopez, Andres Redchuk and
Courses
Publications
Javier M. Moguerza
Further
References Department of Statistics and Operations Research
Rey Juan Carlos University (Madrid)
The University of Warwick, August 2011
The R User Conference 2011 1/37
2. 6σ Quality Using R Outline
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
1 Six Sigma Methodology
Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Roles
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Tools
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 2/37
3. 6σ Quality Using R Outline
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
1 Six Sigma Methodology
Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Roles
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Tools
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma 2 Six Sigma with R
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses Six Sigma Software
Publications
Further R Advantages
References
R Packages for SixSigma
The R User Conference 2011 2/37
4. 6σ Quality Using R Outline
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
1 Six Sigma Methodology
Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Roles
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Tools
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma 2 Six Sigma with R
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses Six Sigma Software
Publications
Further R Advantages
References
R Packages for SixSigma
3 Spreading 6σ & R thinking
Courses
Publications
Further
The R User Conference 2011 2/37
5. 6σ Quality Using R Outline
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
1 Six Sigma Methodology
Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Roles
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Tools
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma 2 Six Sigma with R
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses Six Sigma Software
Publications
Further R Advantages
References
R Packages for SixSigma
3 Spreading 6σ & R thinking
Courses
Publications
Further
The R User Conference 2011 3/37
6. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Quality
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 4/37
7. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Quality
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Classical approach
Six Sigma with R The Key Characteristic of a
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
product/service/process
R Packages for SixSigma
must be inside the
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses specification limits
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 4/37
8. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Quality
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Classical approach
Six Sigma with R The Key Characteristic of a
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
product/service/process
R Packages for SixSigma
must be inside the
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses specification limits
Publications
Further
References
Six Sigma approach
The Key Characteristic
approximate the target,
with as less variation as
possible.
The R User Conference 2011 4/37
9. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Quality
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Classical approach
Six Sigma with R The Key Characteristic of a
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
product/service/process
R Packages for SixSigma
must be inside the
Spreading 6σ & R
specification limits
Cost of Poor Quality
Courses
Publications
LSL T USL
Further
References
Six Sigma approach
The Key Characteristic
approximate the target,
with as less variation as Observed value of the characteristic
possible.
The R User Conference 2011 4/37
10. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Quality
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Classical approach
Six Sigma with R The Key Characteristic of a
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
product/service/process
R Packages for SixSigma
must be inside the
Spreading 6σ & R
specification limits
Cost of Poor Quality
Courses
Publications
LSL T USL
Further
References
Six Sigma approach
The Key Characteristic
approximate the target,
with as less variation as Observed value of the characteristic
possible.
The R User Conference 2011 4/37
11. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Quality
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Classical approach
Six Sigma with R The Key Characteristic of a
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
product/service/process
R Packages for SixSigma
must be inside the
Spreading 6σ & R
specification limits
Cost of Poor Quality
Courses
Publications
LSL T USL
Further
References
Six Sigma approach
The Key Characteristic
approximate the target,
with as less variation as Observed value of the characteristic
possible.
The R User Conference 2011 4/37
12. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez Example
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
Figure: Paper Helicopter Design
Box [1992]
The R User Conference 2011 5/37
13. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 6/37
14. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 7/37
15. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Define
Roles
Tools
State problem, objectives, prioritize, and launch project
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 7/37
16. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Define
Roles
Tools
State problem, objectives, prioritize, and launch project
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Measure
Spreading 6σ & R Understand the
Courses
Publications Process, validate
Further
data accuracy,
References
determine process
capability
The R User Conference 2011 7/37
17. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Define
Roles
Tools
State problem, objectives, prioritize, and launch project
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Measure Analyze
Spreading 6σ & R Understand the Determine the
Courses
Publications Process, validate relationship
Further
data accuracy, between the Y’s
References
determine process and the X’s and
capability look for causes.
The R User Conference 2011 7/37
18. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Define
Roles
Tools
State problem, objectives, prioritize, and launch project
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Measure Analyze Improve
Spreading 6σ & R Understand the Determine the Determine
Courses
Publications Process, validate relationship solutions to
Further
data accuracy, between the Y’s achieve the
References
determine process and the X’s and objective, and
capability look for causes. implement.
The R User Conference 2011 7/37
19. 6σ Quality Using R The Basics
Emilio Lopez DMAIC Strategy
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Define
Roles
Tools
State problem, objectives, prioritize, and launch project
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Measure Analyze Improve
Spreading 6σ & R Understand the Determine the Determine
Courses
Publications Process, validate relationship solutions to
Further
data accuracy, between the Y’s achieve the
References
determine process and the X’s and objective, and
capability look for causes. implement.
Control
Process control, monitoring and auto-controlling
methods
The R User Conference 2011 7/37
20. 6σ Quality Using R Roles in Six Sigma
Emilio Lopez Description
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
In Six Sigma, everyone in the organization has
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
a role in the project. Six Sigma methodology
Spreading 6σ & R uses an intuitive categorization of these roles.
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 8/37
21. 6σ Quality Using R Roles in Six Sigma
Emilio Lopez Description
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
In Six Sigma, everyone in the organization has
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
a role in the project. Six Sigma methodology
Spreading 6σ & R uses an intuitive categorization of these roles.
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 8/37
22. 6σ Quality Using R Roles for Six Sigma
Emilio Lopez Diagram
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 9/37
23. 6σ Quality Using R Tools
Emilio Lopez For Every DMAIC Phase
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Any Statistical, planning or management tool
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 10/37
24. 6σ Quality Using R Tools
Emilio Lopez For Every DMAIC Phase
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Any Statistical, planning or management tool
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 10/37
25. 6σ Quality Using R Outline
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
1 Six Sigma Methodology
Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Roles
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Tools
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma 2 Six Sigma with R
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses Six Sigma Software
Publications
Further R Advantages
References
R Packages for SixSigma
3 Spreading 6σ & R thinking
Courses
Publications
Further
The R User Conference 2011 11/37
26. 6σ Quality Using R Commercial Software
Emilio Lopez State-of-the-art
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 12/37
27. 6σ Quality Using R Commercial Software
Emilio Lopez State-of-the-art
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Programs
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
Minitab
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
SPSS
Courses
Publications StatGraphics
Further
References JMP & SAS
Any statistical
software, or even
spreadsheets
The R User Conference 2011 12/37
28. 6σ Quality Using R Commercial Software
Emilio Lopez Trends
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 13/37
29. 6σ Quality Using R Commercial Software
Emilio Lopez Trends
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Internet
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Software as a
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Service
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Web
Publications
Further Applications
References
Everywhere
Every display
The R User Conference 2011 13/37
30. 6σ Quality Using R Commercial Software
Emilio Lopez Trends
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Internet Open
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Software as a Technologies
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Service Linux
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Web OpenOffice
Publications
Further Applications
References R
Everywhere
...
Every display
The R User Conference 2011 13/37
31. 6σ Quality Using R R Advantages
Emilio Lopez Customization + Innovation = Competitiveness
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 14/37
32. 6σ Quality Using R R Advantages
Emilio Lopez Customization + Innovation = Competitiveness
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Customization
Roles
Tools
A company can develop a package that fits its
Six Sigma with R inner procedures and methods.
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 14/37
33. 6σ Quality Using R R Advantages
Emilio Lopez Customization + Innovation = Competitiveness
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Customization
Roles
Tools
A company can develop a package that fits its
Six Sigma with R inner procedures and methods.
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Innovation
Courses
Publications A company can develop and deploy an
Further
References
innovative method from its R&D department,
or from the result of other published
researches.
The R User Conference 2011 14/37
34. 6σ Quality Using R Other Authors
Emilio Lopez Packages
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
qcc 2.01 (Scrucca [2004])
Roles
Tools Shewhart quality control charts for continuous,
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
attribute and count data [. . . ]
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 15/37
35. 6σ Quality Using R Other Authors
Emilio Lopez Packages
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
qcc 2.01 (Scrucca [2004])
Roles
Tools Shewhart quality control charts for continuous,
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
attribute and count data [. . . ]
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
IQCC 0.5 (Recchia et al. [2010])
Publications
Further Builds statistical control charts with exact limits for
References univariate and multivariate cases.
The R User Conference 2011 15/37
36. 6σ Quality Using R Other Authors
Emilio Lopez Packages
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
qcc 2.01 (Scrucca [2004])
Roles
Tools Shewhart quality control charts for continuous,
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
attribute and count data [. . . ]
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
IQCC 0.5 (Recchia et al. [2010])
Publications
Further Builds statistical control charts with exact limits for
References univariate and multivariate cases.
qualityTools 1.47 (Roth [2011])
This is a package for teaching statistical methods in the
field of Quality Science [. . . ] The focus is on teaching
[. . . ]
The R User Conference 2011 15/37
37. 6σ Quality Using R SixSigma package
Emilio Lopez Focused in SixSigma Practitioners
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Version History Functions
Six Sigma Software ss.pMap
R Advantages 1 0.2.0 March 2011
R Packages for SixSigma ss.ceDiag
Spreading 6σ & R 2 0.2.1 April 2011 ss.rr
Courses
Publications ss.ci
Further
3 0.3.0 July 2011 ss.study.ca
References
(current) ss.ca.yield
ss.ca.z
Data ss.ca.cp
ss.data.rr ss.ca.cpk
ss.data.ca ss.heli
The R User Conference 2011 16/37
38. 6σ Quality Using R Helicopter
Emilio Lopez Training Stuff
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Template in pdf format to build paper
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software helicopter prototypes (Box [1992])
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
> ss.heli()
null device
1
> #vignette("HelicopterInstructions") for instructions
The R User Conference 2011 17/37
39. Six Sigma with R | Paper Helicopter template
max
(9.5cm)
std
(8cm)
min
(6.5cm)
← wings length →
cut
?
pe
fold ↑ fold ↓
ta
cut
cut cut
← body length →
tape?
tape?
min
(6.5cm)
std
fold ↓ ↓
fold ↑ ↑
(8cm)
clip? max
max min ← body width → min max (9.5cm)
(6cm) (4cm) (4cm) (6cm)
40. 6σ Quality Using R Diagrams
Emilio Lopez SixSigma Package
Six Sigma
Methodology Cause-and-effect Diagram
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
> example(ss.ceDiag)
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma ss.cDg> #Data
Spreading 6σ & R
ss.cDg> effect<-"Flight Time"
Courses
ss.cDg> causes.gr<-c("Operator", "Environment", "Tools", "Design",
Publications ss.cDg+ "Raw.Material","Measure.Tool")
Further
ss.cDg> causes<-vector(mode="list", length=length(causes.gr))
References ss.cDg> causes[1]<-list(c("operator #1", "operator #2", "operator #3
ss.cDg> causes[2]<-list(c("height", "cleaning"))
ss.cDg> causes[3]<-list(c("scissors", "tape"))
ss.cDg> causes[4]<-list(c("rotor.length", "rotor.width2", "paperclip
ss.cDg> causes[5]<-list(c("thickness", "marks"))
ss.cDg> causes[6]<-list(c("calibrate", "model"))
ss.cDg> ss.ceDiag(effect, causes.gr, causes, sub="Paper Helicopter P
The R User Conference 2011 19/37
41. 6σ Quality Using R Cause-and-Effect Diagram
Emilio Lopez SixSigma Package
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Six Sigma Cause−and−effect Diagram
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software Operator Environment Tools
R Advantages operator #1 height scissors
operator #2 cleaning tape
R Packages for SixSigma
operator #3
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
Flight Time
References
paperclip
model marks rotor.width2
calibrate thickness rotor.length
Measure.Tool Raw.Material Design
Paper Helicopter Project
The R User Conference 2011 20/37
42. 6σ Quality Using R Diagrams
Emilio Lopez SixSigma Package
Six Sigma
Methodology
Process Map
Introduction
Roles
Tools
> example(ss.pMap)
Six Sigma with R ss.pMp> inputs.overall<-c("operators", "tools", "raw material", "fac
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
ss.pMp> outputs.overall<-c("helicopter")
R Packages for SixSigma ss.pMp> procs<-c("INSPECTION", "ASSEMBLY", "TEST", "LABELING")
Spreading 6σ & R
ss.pMp> input.output<-vector(mode="list",length=length(procs))
Courses ss.pMp> input.output[1]<-list(c("sheets", "..."))
Publications . . .
Further
ss.pMp> x.parameters<-vector(mode="list",length=length(procs))
References ss.pMp> x.parameters[1]<-list(c(list(c("width", "NC")),list(c("opera
ss.pMp+ list(c("Measure pattern", "P")), list(c("discard", "P"))))
. . .
ss.pMp> y.features<-vector(mode="list",length=length(procs))
ss.pMp> y.features[1]<-list(c(list(c("ok", "Cr"))))
. . .
ss.pMp> ss.pMap(procs, inputs.overall, outputs.overall,
ss.pMp+ input.output, x.parameters, y.features,
ss.pMp+ sub="Paper Helicopter Project")
The R User Conference 2011 21/37
43. 6σ Quality Using R Process Map Diagram
Emilio Lopez SixSigma Package
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Six Sigma Process Map
Roles
Tools operators
INPUTS
tools
Six Sigma with R X raw material
Six Sigma Software facilities
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma INSPECTION ASSEMBLY TEST LABELING
sheets sheets helicopter helicopter
Spreading 6σ & R ...
INPUTS
INPUTS
INPUTS
INPUTS
Courses
Publications
Further
Param.(x): width NC Param.(x): operator C Param.(x): operator C Param.(x): operator C
References operator C cut P throw P label P
Measure pattern P fix P discard P Featur.(y): label
discard P rotor.width C environment N
Featur.(y): ok rotor.length C Featur.(y): time
paperclip C
tape C
Featur.(y): weight
LEGEND
helicopter
(C)ontrollable OUTPUTS
(Cr)itical
(N)oise
Y
(P)rocedure
Paper Helicopter Project
The R User Conference 2011 22/37
44. 6σ Quality Using R Gage R&R Study
Emilio Lopez Measurement System Analysis
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction > #... Some theme instructions
Roles
> ss.rr(time1, prototype, operator,
Tools
+ data=ss.data.rr, sub="Helicopter Project")
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Analysis of Variance Table
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma Response: var
Spreading 6σ & R Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
Courses part 2 1.20072 0.60036 28.0396 2.952e-06
Publications
appr 2 0.05294 0.02647 1.2363 0.3140
Further
part:appr 4 0.08339 0.02085 0.9737 0.4462
References Repeatability 18 0.38540 0.02141
VarComp %Contrib
Total Gage R&R 0.0220358 25.50
Repeatability 0.0214111 24.77
Reproducibility 0.0006247 0.72
appr 0.0006247 0.72
part:appr 0.0000000 0.00
Part-To-Part 0.0643901 74.50
Total Variation 0.0864259 100.00
. . .
The R User Conference 2011 23/37
45. Six Sigma Gage R&R Study
Components of Variation Var by Part
1.8
q
80 q
q
q
q
1.6
60
q
q
Percent
1.4
var
40 q
q
q
q q
q
1.2
20 q
q
q
q q
1.0 q
0
q
G.R&R Repeat Reprod Part2Part
prot #1 prot #2 prot #3
%Contribution %Study Var
R Chart by appraiser Var by appraiser
prot #1 prot #2 prot #3
1.8
q q
op #1 op #2 op #3 q
0.5 q
q q
q q
1.6
0.4 q
q q
q 1.4
var
0.3 q
var
q
q q q
q q q
q
0.2 1.2
q q q q
q
q q q
0.1
q q 1.0 q
q
prot #1 prot #2 prot #3 prot #1 prot #2 prot #3
op #1 op #2 op #3
part
x Chart by appraiser Part*appraiser Interaction
prot #1 prot #2 prot #3
1.7 q
op #1 op #2 op #3
1.7 q
1.6 q
1.6 q q 1.5
var
1.5 1.4
var
1.4 q
1.3
q q
1.3
q 1.2
1.2 q
q q
1.1 q q 1.1 q
q
prot #1 prot #2 prot #3
prot #1 prot #2 prot #3 prot #1 prot #2 prot #3
op #1 op #3
part op #2
Helicopter Project
46. 6σ Quality Using R Capability Analysis
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R > ss.ca.yield(c(3, 5, 12), c(1, 2, 4), 1915)
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages Yield FTY RTY DPU DPMO
R Packages for SixSigma
1 0.9895561 0.9859008 0.9859563 20 10443.86
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses > ss.ca.cpk(ss.data.ca$Volume, 740, 760)
Publications
Further [1] 1.546513
References
> ss.study.ca(ss.data.ca$Volume, rnorm(40, 753, 3), LSL = 740,
+ USL = 760, T = 750, alpha = 0.5, f.sub = "Winery Project")
The R User Conference 2011 25/37
47. Six Sigma Capability Analysis Study
Histogram & Density Density Lines Legend
Target Density ST
Theoretical Dens. ST
Density LT
Theoretical Density LT
LSL USL Specifications
LSL: 740
Target: 750
USL: 760
Short Term Process Long Term
740 745 750 755 760
Mean: 749.7625 Mean: 752.8443
Check Normality SD: 2.1042 SD: 2.9577
n: 20 n: 40
Shapiro−Wilk Test Zs: 3.14 Zs: 2.42
q
p−value: 0.07506 DPMO:
q
Short Term Indices Long Term
qq
q qq
Lilliefors (K−S) Test Cp: 1.5841 Pp: 1.1270
qq
qq
qq
q p−value: 0.2291 CI: [1.1,2.1] CI: [0.9,1.4]
qq
qq
q
q Cpk: 1.5465 Ppk: 0.8065
CI: [1.1,2.1] CI: [0.9,1.4]
Normality accepted when p−value > 0.05
Winery Project
48. 6σ Quality Using R Further Development
Emilio Lopez On the Way
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Functions for a wide range of tools along
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
all the DMAIC phases.
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 27/37
49. 6σ Quality Using R Further Development
Emilio Lopez On the Way
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Functions for a wide range of tools along
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
all the DMAIC phases.
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma Improved graphics
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 27/37
50. 6σ Quality Using R Further Development
Emilio Lopez On the Way
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Functions for a wide range of tools along
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
all the DMAIC phases.
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma Improved graphics
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Tackle Further methodologies (DFSS,
Further
Lean, . . . )
References
The R User Conference 2011 27/37
51. 6σ Quality Using R Further Development
Emilio Lopez On the Way
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Functions for a wide range of tools along
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
all the DMAIC phases.
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma Improved graphics
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Tackle Further methodologies (DFSS,
Further
Lean, . . . )
References
Non-normal / Non-linear methods
The R User Conference 2011 27/37
52. 6σ Quality Using R Further Development
Emilio Lopez On the Way
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Functions for a wide range of tools along
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
all the DMAIC phases.
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma Improved graphics
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Tackle Further methodologies (DFSS,
Further
Lean, . . . )
References
Non-normal / Non-linear methods
Bayesian perspective
The R User Conference 2011 27/37
53. 6σ Quality Using R Further Development
Emilio Lopez On the Way
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Functions for a wide range of tools along
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
all the DMAIC phases.
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma Improved graphics
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Tackle Further methodologies (DFSS,
Further
Lean, . . . )
References
Non-normal / Non-linear methods
Bayesian perspective
Maybe a GUI
The R User Conference 2011 27/37
54. 6σ Quality Using R Outline
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
1 Six Sigma Methodology
Methodology
Introduction
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Roles
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
Tools
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma 2 Six Sigma with R
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses Six Sigma Software
Publications
Further R Advantages
References
R Packages for SixSigma
3 Spreading 6σ & R thinking
Courses
Publications
Further
The R User Conference 2011 28/37
55. 6σ Quality Using R VRTUOSI project
Emilio Lopez European Lifelong Learning Programme
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
www.vrtuosi.com
The R User Conference 2011 29/37
56. 6σ Quality Using R VRTUOSI project
Emilio Lopez European Lifelong Learning Programme
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
www.vrtuosi.com
Code Project: LLP 502869-LLP-1-2009-ES-ERASMUS-EVC
The R User Conference 2011 29/37
57. 6σ Quality Using R VRTUOSI project
Emilio Lopez European Lifelong Learning Programme
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
www.vrtuosi.com
Code Project: LLP 502869-LLP-1-2009-ES-ERASMUS-EVC
One of the Courses: Quality Control: Six
Sigma
The R User Conference 2011 29/37
58. 6σ Quality Using R VRTUOSI project
Emilio Lopez European Lifelong Learning Programme
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
www.vrtuosi.com
Code Project: LLP 502869-LLP-1-2009-ES-ERASMUS-EVC
One of the Courses: Quality Control: Six
Sigma
Developed and carried out through the
Six Sigma methodology.
The R User Conference 2011 29/37
59.
60. 6σ Quality Using R Master On Line
Emilio Lopez Master in Decision Systems Engineering
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
Rey Juan Carlos University (www.urjc.es)
References
The R User Conference 2011 31/37
61. 6σ Quality Using R Master On Line
Emilio Lopez Master in Decision Systems Engineering
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
Rey Juan Carlos University (www.urjc.es)
References First master in Business Analytics in
Spain
The R User Conference 2011 31/37
62. 6σ Quality Using R Master On Line
Emilio Lopez Master in Decision Systems Engineering
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
Rey Juan Carlos University (www.urjc.es)
References First master in Business Analytics in
Spain
Unique Certificate in e-learning
The R User Conference 2011 31/37
63. 6σ Quality Using R Master On Line
Emilio Lopez Master in Decision Systems Engineering
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
Rey Juan Carlos University (www.urjc.es)
References First master in Business Analytics in
Spain
Unique Certificate in e-learning
Mention of Quality in ANECA
The R User Conference 2011 31/37
64. 6σ Quality Using R Master On Line
Emilio Lopez Master in Decision Systems Engineering
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
Rey Juan Carlos University (www.urjc.es)
References First master in Business Analytics in
Spain
Unique Certificate in e-learning
Mention of Quality in ANECA
Six Sigma Quality subject. R used in
most of the subjects.
The R User Conference 2011 31/37
65. 6σ Quality Using R Book
Emilio Lopez Springer Use R! Series
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 32/37
66. 6σ Quality Using R Book
Emilio Lopez Springer Use R! Series
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Features
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Title:
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
Six Sigma with R
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Due 2012
Courses
Publications
Further
350 pages approx.
References Wide background
scope
Examples, a Case
Study and
practices
The R User Conference 2011 32/37
67. 6σ Quality Using R Further Projects
Emilio Lopez Platform
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 33/37
68. 6σ Quality Using R Further Projects
Emilio Lopez Platform
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Open Platform for Quality
Roles
Tools Methodologies
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
Improving the European Factory (link)
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
FP7 PPP Funding Scheme
Courses
Publications Looking for Partners
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 33/37
69. 6σ Quality Using R Further Projects
Emilio Lopez Platform
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Open Platform for Quality
Roles
Tools Methodologies
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
Improving the European Factory (link)
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
FP7 PPP Funding Scheme
Courses
Publications Looking for Partners
Further
References
Other Projects
We are available for other projects that need
partners in this area
The R User Conference 2011 33/37
70. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
71. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
R is becoming a real alternative to
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
commercial software inside Companies.
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
72. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
R is becoming a real alternative to
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
commercial software inside Companies.
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
The combination of both strategies can
Courses
Publications
improve the competitiveness of the
Further
References
Companies, and open a world of
possibilities to R professionals.
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
73. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
R is becoming a real alternative to
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
commercial software inside Companies.
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
The combination of both strategies can
Courses
Publications
improve the competitiveness of the
Further
References
Companies, and open a world of
possibilities to R professionals.
Further steps
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
74. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
R is becoming a real alternative to
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
commercial software inside Companies.
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
The combination of both strategies can
Courses
Publications
improve the competitiveness of the
Further
References
Companies, and open a world of
possibilities to R professionals.
Further steps
SixSigma package development
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
75. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
R is becoming a real alternative to
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
commercial software inside Companies.
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
The combination of both strategies can
Courses
Publications
improve the competitiveness of the
Further
References
Companies, and open a world of
possibilities to R professionals.
Further steps
SixSigma package development
Publications in preparation
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
76. 6σ Quality Using R Summary
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma Six Sigma is a breakthrough strategy for
Methodology
Introduction improvement.
Roles
Tools
R is becoming a real alternative to
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
commercial software inside Companies.
R Packages for SixSigma
Spreading 6σ & R
The combination of both strategies can
Courses
Publications
improve the competitiveness of the
Further
References
Companies, and open a world of
possibilities to R professionals.
Further steps
SixSigma package development
Publications in preparation
Six Sigma platform?
The R User Conference 2011 34/37
77. 6σ Quality Using R References
Emilio Lopez
George Box. Teaching engineers experimental design with a paper helicopter.
Six Sigma Quality Engineering, 4(3):453–459, 1992.
Methodology
Introduction
John M. Chambers. Software for data analysis. Programming with R.
Roles Statistics and Computing. Springer, 2008.
Tools
C. Gygi, N. DeCarlo, and B. Williams. Six sigma for dummies. –For
Six Sigma with R dummies. Wiley Pub., 2005. ISBN 9780764567988.
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
D.C. Montgomery. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control. Wiley, New
R Packages for SixSigma York, 5th edition, 2005.
Spreading 6σ & R Daniela R. Recchia, Emanuel P. Barbosa, and Elias de Jesus Goncalves.
Courses IQCC: Improved Quality Control Charts, 2010. URL
Publications
Further
http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=IQCC. R package version 0.5.
References
Thomas Roth. qualityTools: A Package for Teaching Statistics in Quality
Science., 2011. R package version 1.44.
Deepayan Sarkar. Lattice: Multivariate Data Visualization with R. Springer,
New York, 2008. URL http://lmdvr.r-forge.r-project.org. ISBN
978-0-387-75968-5.
Luca Scrucca. qcc: an r package for quality control charting and statistical
process control. R News, 4/1:11–17, 2004. URL
http://CRAN.R-project.org/doc/Rnews/.
H. Wickham. ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis. Use R! Springer,
2009. ISBN 9780387981406.
The R User Conference 2011 35/37
78. 6σ Quality Using R Acknowledgements
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Dept. Statistics & OR URJC
Roles
Tools
David Rios, Javier M. Moguerza, Andres Redchuk
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
R people
Spreading 6σ & R Kurt Hornik, Heather Turner, Rob J Hyndman, Diane
Courses
Publications Cook, R Core Team
Further
References
Springer
Marc Strauss. Springer
This work has been partially funded by VRTUOSI project, www.vrtuosi.org,
within the Virtual Campus methodological framework of the EU Lifelong
Learning Programme (LLP, code 502869-LLP-1-2009-ES-ERASMUS-EVC)
The R User Conference 2011 36/37
79. 6σ Quality Using R Discussion
Emilio Lopez
Six Sigma
Methodology
Introduction
Roles
Tools Thanks for your
Six Sigma with R
Six Sigma Software
R Advantages
R Packages for SixSigma
attention !
Spreading 6σ & R
Courses
Publications
Further
References
Any question?
emilio.lopez@urjc.es
The R User Conference 2011 37/37