Site planning and building design should follow key principles:
1. Thorough site analysis considering location, orientation, topography, vegetation and infrastructure is essential for optimal design.
2. Buildings should be oriented and planned considering sun path, wind direction and climate for energy efficiency.
3. Setbacks, landscaping, and minimizing site disturbance and building footprints are important for sustainability and livability.
Site Planning and Site Analysis for Architectural ProjectsJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to map, detail and define the role and importance of studying, analyzing and understanding the site in the context of evolving appropriate and rational design solutions for any projects
Landscape Design, architecture PPTs
Site planning refers to the organizational stage of the landscape design process. Site planning generally begins by assessing a potential site for development through site analysis. Information about slope, soils, hydrology, vegetation, parcel ownership, orientation, etc. are assessed and mapped.
Introduction to Site Planning. These slides should be able to provide urban planners a simple guide to factors and issues to consider in planning a a site. These slides were prepared for urban design class for masters students in Makerere University Kampala ( Uganda)
Site Planning and Site Analysis for Architectural ProjectsJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation tries to map, detail and define the role and importance of studying, analyzing and understanding the site in the context of evolving appropriate and rational design solutions for any projects
Landscape Design, architecture PPTs
Site planning refers to the organizational stage of the landscape design process. Site planning generally begins by assessing a potential site for development through site analysis. Information about slope, soils, hydrology, vegetation, parcel ownership, orientation, etc. are assessed and mapped.
Introduction to Site Planning. These slides should be able to provide urban planners a simple guide to factors and issues to consider in planning a a site. These slides were prepared for urban design class for masters students in Makerere University Kampala ( Uganda)
HERITAGE- It is not only about built heritage but includes certain distinctive open areas, neighborhoods, and environs
which are of historical, aesthetic,
cultural or sociological interest and
value which we would like to preserve
for the posterity as they enrich our
history and traditions.Heritage characteristics to be
preserved or conserved are
identified as elevational features,
floor heights, cornices, special
carvings designs, motifs,
architectural style, roof-scape
etc.
Conserving and preserving the
Heritage of our historical possession
in its pristine and original form, so
that it continues to portray its original
beauty, distinctive character, unique
style or use or association with a
distinctive historical personality or
event
What is contextual response in architecture?
How to respond to context?
What are the different ways to construct an addition in an old/ heritage structure?
.
Photos and data courtesy: Google, Archdaily, Journal by Ar. Nikhil Sanghvi
Urban conservation techniques and strategies mainly followed in the INDIA.This is done for my friends in B.ARCH(VIIth semester) JNAFAU & JNTUK.
University.
Site Planning for Architectural Projects - Revised JIT KUMAR GUPTA
This presentation has been updated and revised with the addition of the text and the images to illustrate the context of site in preparing lay-out plan and archtectural design
Presentation tries to define the role and importance of site planning in promoting sustainability of architectural projects.f It also defines the principle/agenda based on which site planning should be carried out to make optimum use of the site.
HERITAGE- It is not only about built heritage but includes certain distinctive open areas, neighborhoods, and environs
which are of historical, aesthetic,
cultural or sociological interest and
value which we would like to preserve
for the posterity as they enrich our
history and traditions.Heritage characteristics to be
preserved or conserved are
identified as elevational features,
floor heights, cornices, special
carvings designs, motifs,
architectural style, roof-scape
etc.
Conserving and preserving the
Heritage of our historical possession
in its pristine and original form, so
that it continues to portray its original
beauty, distinctive character, unique
style or use or association with a
distinctive historical personality or
event
What is contextual response in architecture?
How to respond to context?
What are the different ways to construct an addition in an old/ heritage structure?
.
Photos and data courtesy: Google, Archdaily, Journal by Ar. Nikhil Sanghvi
Urban conservation techniques and strategies mainly followed in the INDIA.This is done for my friends in B.ARCH(VIIth semester) JNAFAU & JNTUK.
University.
Site Planning for Architectural Projects - Revised JIT KUMAR GUPTA
This presentation has been updated and revised with the addition of the text and the images to illustrate the context of site in preparing lay-out plan and archtectural design
Presentation tries to define the role and importance of site planning in promoting sustainability of architectural projects.f It also defines the principle/agenda based on which site planning should be carried out to make optimum use of the site.
Site planning in Architectural Projects- Principles and ApproachesJitKumarGupta1
Presentation tries to showcase the relevance of site planning in the architectural projects, impact of site plan on designing buildings, process to be followed and principles to be kept in mind while evolving site plans. Presentation also makes an attempt to explain and detail out the role of site and factors to be considered while evaluating any site.
Site Planning in Architectural Projects- Principles and Approach JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Site planning remains the most critical part of any project, because success and failure of projects largely depend upon how the sites are valued for planning and development. Preparing rational site plans for any project remains valuable and accordingly, should be essentially based on the factors involving; adopting Integrated approach to design; preserving sites ; adopting passive approach to Architecture solutions; providing basic amenities; promoting proximity to local transport; respecting natural topography; promoting tree preservation , promoting rain water harvesting, adding to the environment, ecology etc. Adopting the defined principles, approach and process, would be valuable and helpful for putting in place rational site planning for the project and evolving sustainable building designs. Site planning approach for both small, medium and large projects shall be at variance, depending upon nature of project, location, client perception, climate etc of the project but basic principles governing site planning and building design will always remain same. Site planning and building design should have genesis in, and should invariably revolve around respecting site, making detailed and objective evaluation, carrying out SWOT analysis, of the site identified, planning with nature using natural resources, valuing flora and fauna available at site and preserving, protecting and enhancing the existing features on the site and making them integral part of site planning. Site planning should invariably make value addition to the neighbourhood where it is located as well minimise the conflict and contradictions emerging in the natural and manmade environment
Site planning in Architectural Projects- Principles and ApproachesJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Write up is an attempt to define in principles governing the site planning and setting of the buildings in the context of site so as to make them rational and sustainable. It defines the principles and approach to site planning.
Climate Responsive Design of Buildings-1-9-23.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Built environment is known for its peculiar qualities of being large consumer of energy, water and renewable/non-renewable resources throughout its lifecycle, spanning from planning, designing, construction, occupation and maintenance besides generating large waste. In addition, buildings are also responsible for adversely impacting environment, destroying bio-diversity and causing sick building syndrome. Buildings are also known to be primarily responsible for global warming, rising temperature, climate change and increasing carbon footprints. Accordingly, buildings are known to create conditions of warming planet earth and raising its temperature. In order to make buildings supportive of cooling the cities and moderating its temperature, it will be important that buildings are planned, designed, constructed, maintained and operated with care and caution to minimize its adverse impact on with cities, environment , ecology and bio-diversity. In this regard, using rationally/logically the nature / natural elements including land, sun, space and greenery, as the basic elements of design and operation of the buildings will be most valuable for minimizing the adverse impact of buildings. Passive design of buildings, based on the nature and natural elements, is known for its capacity to minimize the use of non-renewable resources and optimize the natural renewable resources for meeting its day-to-day needs. Based on circular economy such buildings generate minimum waste and accordingly help in making them climate, and resource responsive.
Oldest branch of engineering, next to Military engineering. All engineering works other than for military purposes were grouped in to Civil Engineering. Mechanical, Electrical, Electronics & present day Information technology followed it.
A professional engineering discipline that deals with the analysis, design, construction and maintenance of infrastructural facilities such as buildings, bridges, dams, roads etc.
Civil Engineering is everywhere. Civil Engineering is a composite of many specific disciplines that include structural engineering, water engineering, waste material management and engineering, foundation engineering etc. among many.
Architectural Design and structural design remain collaborative and partners in making building sustainable and green. No building can be planned , designed and made green unless structural design and state of art construction supports it. Achieving sustainability in a building will be misnomer, mirage and a fallacy by excluding the input and expertise of the art and science of sustainable structure and construction. Presentation studies, examines, explores and explains that relationship and suggests option and strategies which can be leveraged to make sustainable buildings. Existing rating systems excludes the role and importance of structural design in making buildings green and sustainable, which need review ,revision and redefinition to make sustainable Structure Design integral part of the rating system of buildings in order to make these systems rational , focused and relevant to the objectives, they are supposed to achieve.
Role and Relevance of Architects and architecture in SustainabilityJIT KUMAR GUPTA
This brief text on Role, Relevance and importance of Architects and profession of Architecture in making this world and human settlements more livable, climate responsive and sustainable has been prepared as commitment of the professionals and profession of Architects on this World Environment Day ; June 5th , 2024 , with the hope that profession would be understood, valued ,appreciated and empowered in the right context for enabling it play its designated role in making built environment qualitative, cost-effective, energy-efficient, eco-friendly, safe and sustainable.
Bridging gap between resources and responsibilities at Local level.JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Text refers to need, role, relevance and importance of empowering urban local bodies by bridging gap between resources available and responsibilities bestowed, for enabling ULBs to operate and function as institutions of local governance more effectively and efficiently.
Construction Industry Through Artificial Intelligence -.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Considering the role, relevance and importance of construction sector in promoting economy, generating employment and creating wealth besides providing infrastructures and amenities, there is need to make the sector more effective, efficient, productive and sustainable. Driven manually, construction sector remains in the slow lane of creating quality built environment which are cost-effective, energy efficient, least consumers of resources and generators of waste. Artificial intelligence can help and empower the construction to make it more valuable, productive and qualitative besides supportive of environment and ecology. However, construction sector must be ready to co-operate and collaborate with IT industry to look for options and opportunities to make construction sector more qualitative and productive. Majority of urban ills and climate related issues can be resolved if Artificial intelligence can be embedded as integral part of the construction industry right prom planning, designing, construction, operation and management of the built environment and infrastructures. Communities and nations will save lot of valuable non-renewable resources if the construction sector is transformed from human led to technology led by the induction of Artificial intelligence. However, Construction industry has to search the areas where Artificial intelligence can be used effectively and intelligently.
Making Urban India a Role Model of Planned Urban Growth a.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Known for productivity, promoting economy, employment and innovations cities, when properly planned, rationally developed and professionally managed, have been labelled and recognized as engines of economic growth. Prosperity and urbanisation are known to have positive co-relation with rational urbanisation, leveraging growth and development of any community, city, state and region. In majority of developing countries, where urbanisation remains unregulated, forced largely by rural push and less by urban pull, cities invariably remain in crisis, crisis of population, crisis of poverty, crisis of development and management. Cities need to be cared ,incentivized, empowered and made more productive, effective, efficient and humane.
Redefining Globalization, urbanisation and LocalisationJIT KUMAR GUPTA
If cities are to made more livable, humane and productive, it is time that intent, contents and scope of globalization must be revisited and reviewed, both critically and objectively. Globalisation would need redefinition for promoting universality and inclusiveness among people and nations to have basic amenities and quality of life for all its residents , including poorest of the poor to lead a dignified life. Failure to redefine globalization, rationalise urbanisation, restore localization empowering poor and promoting universalisation and inclusivity; will invariably lead to making SDGs merely a paper exercise. In addition, making the world, cities and communities sustainable, livable, safe and inclusive, would remain merely a dream and a mirage, for future generations and communities, making planet earth as their preferred place of residence.
Knowing, Understanding and Planning Cities- Role and Relevance Physical Plan...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cities are known for its complexities and operational inefficiencies. cities remain dynamic ,ever evolving, ever devolving, never static and never finite.
All cities remain different, distinct, unique and universal. No two cities are similar. Each city has its own strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Accordingly, problem faced by any city cannot be viewed, dissected, analyzed and enumerated, while sitting within the four walls of the air-conditioned rooms and by the so called intellectual sitting in the so called offices determining the future of cities and towns. Neither the cities can be made more rational by limited knowledge agencies providing consultancy to cities , states and nations.
For realistically and rationally understanding, analyzing the cities and having simple, cost-effective and quality solutions to the problems and challenges faced , Cities have to be walked through and concerns of the various communities have to be properly understood and appreciated.
Prime reason for inability and lack of capacity on the part of majority of physical planners, engaged in the art and science of planning, designing and developing the cities, to address the issues and challenges faced by cities , realistically and rationally, has genesis in the lack of understanding of the origin, growth and development of cities.
Lack of capacity in majority of town planners, has roots in the quality of education imparted and seriousness and commitment on the part of both teachers and taught involved. As it stands today, majority of institutions involved in imparting education in planning are being run on an ad-hoc manner and by proxy. Only few institutions have regular teachers and regular students. Majority of planning institutions are being run on proxy with proxy students and proxy teachers. Education system including curricula used for teaching, needs, review, revision and redefinition to make it more relevant to rational for addressing the issues and challenges faced by the cities and towns.
Land as a Resource for urban finanace- 24-1-23.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
PPt tries to brief Land, as a gift of nature, is being grossly misused, abused , manipulated Land is globally used for providing platform for all human driven activities, based on living, working, culture of body/ mind and travel.
Limited availability, coupled with large number of human beings trying to source land, has invariably created large demand for land resource for human consumption. Land, in urban context, is required for meeting the specific needs of urban dwellers for residential, commercial, institutional, recreational, travel& traffic purposes besides providing space for infrastructures , amenities, services, trade and commerce etc. Land in urban context remains under large demand and command high price due to concentration of large population in small physical area, with stakeholders making competing claims.Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused. In order to make optimum use of land resource on 24x7x365; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all ULBs are made to focus on eliminating culture and practices promoting un-authorized/ illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the cities. Land needs to be effectively leveraged to generate resources for ULBs to make cities vibrant.
COST-EFFETIVE and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Built environment is known for its capacity, capability, role, relevance and importance to change the quality of life of the occupants and communities. Presentation focuses on options which need to be leveraged to make buildings sustainable, cost-effective, energy efficient, resource efficient, qualitative over its entire life-cycle through designing, construction, operation. It calls for making buildings green and sustainable.
Making Buildings cost-effective , Energy Efficient ptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation focuses on options which need to be leveraged to make buildings sustainable, cost-effective, energy efficient, resource efficient, qualitative over its entire life-cycle
Ppt briefs about role, relevance, importance of the rating systems applicable in India, criteria used in assessing
greeness, weightage allocated, , brief of how these rating systems are applied, parameters involved; weightage granted, levels of rating granted , incentives given by states for green rated buildings and brief of suggestions, how to make rating system more effective, efficient, objective and transparent.
The phenomenon of global warming remains more pronounced in the urban areas, for the reason cities house large concentration of people and activities in a small/compact urban space.Densely-built downtown areas tend to be warmer than suburban residential areas or rural areas.. UHI not only raises urban temperatures but also increases ozone concentrations because ozone is a greenhouse gas whose formation will accelerate with the temperature. Tokyo, an example of an urban heat island. Normal temperatures of Tokyo go up higher than those of the surrounding area. However, it needs to be understood and appreciated that climate change is not the cause of urban heat islands but it is causing more frequent and more intense heat waves which in turn amplify the urban heat island effect in cities. Major reasons for ever growing global warming and climate change can be attributed to the; Nature and natural; Human-Driven; population; Rapid Urbanisation; Irrational Urban planning; High Density; Inefficient Transportation ;Large generation/consumption of fossil fuel based Energy; Unsustainable Buildings; Polluting Industry & Manufacturing; Unsustainable Agriculture; Irrational Development; Large scale Deforestation; Lack of open spaces and individual life-choices;
Making and Unmaking of Chandigarh - A City of Two Plans2-4-24.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is a narrative of a
capital city- known for its innovative planning, designing, construction and management of a new capital . It briefs about the principles used in the planning and designing of city -by the first team of planners led by Albert Mayer and Mathew Nowicki-- followed by the second team led by Le- Corbusier, P Jenerette, Jane B Drew , Maxwell Fry. It also details about the various aspects of the city planning, planning of the sector as a neighbourhood, typologies of
various developmental controls used for regulating the construction of buildings. Innovations used for regulating the growth and development of periphery; redensification of city in case city exceeds its planned population of half a million, creating a narrative of city and periphery, innovative landscaping, defining an edict for the city to educate the future citizens of the capital city to safeguard the future growth and development besides lessons learnt from planning and designing the new cities.
Planning and Designing Green buildings-.issues, options and strategiesJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Affordability and sustainable development are considered anti-thesis across the world. Generally there exists conflict between the approach to sustainable built environment and affordable buildings. Sustainable development is considered more expensive. According to Middleton, ‘Sustainability and affordability aren’t mutually exclusive goals. It’s not about adding extra, but thinking more carefully about the design of buildings and incorporating technologies that can offset the rising costs of energy, water and other services. Affordability and sustainability are known to fit together perfectly’.
Through excellent design, buildings can be made more sustainable and affordable. Smaller the footprint of buildings, lower will be the upfront costs and embodied energy and lower shall be the running costs of buildings. Looking at the entire context of health, rising cost of amenities/services; Sustainable/Green designs are now being increasingly adopted, to make built environment more cost-effective and affordable. Considering the enormous amount of built environment to be created, India will have no option but to tread the path of sustainability and sustainable development in the built environment. Sustainable built environment would also help in and go a long way in achieving the majority of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals for the reason, built environment is known to be the largest consumer of energy, avoid wasteful use of resources and minimise generation of waste. Global sustainability will be largely contingent upon how effectively and efficiently we can make our buildings sustainable and qualitative through innovative/green design solutions based on local climate and culture, valuing site planning, embedding orientation, cross ventilation, using renewable/waste materials and involving state of the art building technologies.
_Neighborhood Planning in Capital City of Chandigarh- An Appraisal (2) - Copy...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Neighborhood as an idea, concept, option and strategy has been extensively used locally and globally by the Urban Planners to plan and decentralize cities, create cities within cities, promote self-contained communities and to make cities more humane, safe and socially vibrant. Neighborhood has also been used recently to define the city in terms of travel time - making 10/15 minutes city
Accordingly, large typologies of NH ,in terms of planning and designing , with varying shapes, sizes and contents have emerged in the urban context. Americans have used superblock and French using Sector for defining the neighborhood. Despite distinct advantages, holding high degree of relevance in urban and local area planning , NH planning has not been able to deliver the envisioned objectives of safety and social vibrancy. Cities in the process have been socially, economically and physically fragmented, leading to clear division of cities into different communities with little economical and social connectivity. Variance of planning and designing norms followed at NH and sub-neighborhood levels have promoted more dichotomy and contradictions with varying quality of life inducted at local level. Differential population and infrastructures have divided the city into the categories of high/low end NH units. Fabric and morphology of cities, in large cases, has been distorted with urban settlement emerging as a distinct social map of communities graded economically and socially,on the basis of area/location . In the process, the way NH planning concept has been used, neighborhood planning has emerged as an instrument of social and economic segregation/division. In fact in number of cases, concept has been used, misused, abused in intent and content to divide the cities into distinct social and economic layers. Instead of unifying , concept has led to division of cities.
Genesis of modern application of NH can be found in the planning and designing of Chandigarh where entire city fabric of capital city was woven around Sector as the basic unit of planning, concptulasied as self-contained and self-sustaining unit at the local level. However, the way sectors have been planned, it has led to dividing the cities into different and distinct communities. Individual status in Chandigarh can be judged from his/her residence. Concept of Sector has done more damage than good to the fabric of the city. Chandigarh is likely to face considerable problem in making city socially and economically cohesive/vibrant,. Sectors in Chandigarh remain anti-thesis to the basic concept of NH planning of safety, involving walkability, vehicular movement, putting commercial space in the centre. Considering role, relevance, importance and usability , NH needs to be planned, designed with care and caution, in order to make cities socially and economically vibrant, inclusive. NH planning deserves a new definition and approach to make it relevant and rational.
Reviewing, Revising and Redefining Master Plans and Development Plans to Ma...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Looking at its efficacy and efficiency, it can be seen and observed that Master Plans/ Development Plans have done more damage than good for the planned growth and development of the cities to which they have been made applicable. These plans have been violated with impunity both by the people, communities, cities and parastatal agencies; for the betterment/welfare of which these plans were prepared. These plans have been visualized as controller of development rather than promoters of development. Instead of planned development , these plans have been usherers of the unplanned development. These plans are known to be responsible for promoting large number of slums besides making quality of life poor for majority of the urban inhabitants. Cities under Master Plans are also known to promote exclusion rather than inclusion. Master Plans/Development Plans are known to promote prosperity for few and marginalize the large proportions of the local community by making them poor. Instead of catering to urban dynamism, Master Plans/Development Plans try to freeze the city, for next two decades, to which it is made to serve. Accordingly, these plans need to be reviewed , rationalised, revised and redefined to make them better Master Plans/Development Plans
Rationalizing the Planned Growth of Urban India- paper.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused, based on a strategy of sub-division of the land, dictated by the economic forces prevailing in the market. Irrational and ineffective public policies of urban planning and land sub-division, devoid of prevailing ground realities, have turned out to be incompatible with the demands of urban expansion, leading to large scale un-authorized and illegal sub-division of land. In the process, valuable land resources, gift of nature, has been misused, abused and mutilated in this race of uncontrolled and irrational urbanisation. In order to make optimum use of land resource; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all urban centres are made to focus on eliminating the culture and practices promoting un-authorized/illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the country.
Suggestion and Options for integrating villages. within the framework of the...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Preparing Master Plans/Development Plans for any urban settlements, basically and essentially, involves declaring a planning area for which the said long term plans are prepared. Planning area invariably includes and involves, number of rural settlements, which comprise of the planning area besides the urban settlement. It has been observed that in majority of cases, while detailed studies and analysis are carried out of the urban settlements but villages in the study and analysis remain marginalized, diluted and muted. Despite the fact, villages have critical role in the rational development of the urban settlement, but in preparing Master Plans their role and relevance is not made part of the said plan. Accordingly, this text tries to bring out the typologies of villages falling in the planning area and the suggested framework to develop these villages in making Master Plans, better Master Plan. In order to improve Master Plan qualitatively, quantitively, both in intent, contents and scope, It will be appropriate that all the villages falling in the planning area must be studied , analyzed and made integral part of the final outcome of the proposals of Master Plan. In-fact one Chapter must be exclusively dedicated to detail out the issues faced by the Villages and options which can be leveraged to promote the rational growth of villages ,as an integral part of the long term development of the urban settlement , for which the Master Plan is being prepared. This will help not only in integrating the urban- rural settlements falling in the planning area, but would also go a long way in promoting and ensuring rational growth and development of the urban settlement, for which the Master Plan is being prepared.
Making cities Climate Responsive and SustainableJIT KUMAR GUPTA
“Decarbonization” of cities ,as an issue ,as an option and as a strategy , has been gaining currency in the parlance of; making planet earth livable and sustainable. “Decarbonization has been globally valued for keeping the global temperature below 1.5C, and achieving the agenda and goals defined in the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, defined by UN for achieving universal sustainability. Despite distinct role and relevance, criticality and importance of decarbonization of cities has neither been properly understood and appreciated nor made integral part of the architectural practice and art and science of designing and construction of buildings. Consuming one -third of global energy (33%) and generating 39% of greenhouse gas emissions buildings have been considered as the major player in the domain of climate change and global warming. Since Architects and Architecture are
actively involved in the making and unmaking of buildings, accordingly it becomes important that planners and architects must play a significant role in making
cities and buildings least consumers of energy and generators of the minimum greenhouse gas emissions. This objective can be achieved if decarbonizing cities/buildings is made a distinct reality . Issue of decarbonizing the cities/buildings assumes importance for the reason, that world’s building floorspace is likely to be become double by the year 2060, with the addition of large number of newcities/ buildings due to rapid urbanization, population growth and economic development ; required for catering to
to the needs of additional population opting for urban living.
Managing Planning and Development of Citie- 26-2-24.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cities in India are known to be in perpetual crisis; facing numerous crises in terms of; crisis of rational growth, crisis of orderly and planned development; crisis of effective and efficient urban management; crisis of making provision of basic infrastructure and services; crisis of climate change; crisis of global warming; crisis of poverty, pollution and population and crisis of making human living and prevailing environment qualitative. These urban crises have genesis in the fact that cities in India, lack ownership, command, authority and lack of willingness to run and manage cities professionally and objectively. In majority of cases, cities in India are run by proxy. In terms of physical growth and development; large cities are marked by multiplicity of agencies claiming right/ownership of development over the urban areas, whereas smaller cities face absence of such ownership and are made to run, operate and function like orphans
Agenda, Approach and Options for Rationalising and Redefining Future Indian ...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Government of India/state policies, programs, mission and agenda must move providing basic essentials to all its citizens through an efficient, objective and transparent system of governance. For making cities livable and empowering people; right to basics/essential of human living including; Right to shelter, food, clothing universal access to healthcare, education, employment , infrastructures, amenities and mobility; should be made integral part of Indian Constitution by embedding it as Fundamental Rights/Directive Principles of state policy besides making them integral part of planning, development and management/governance process of all human settlements.
You could be a professional graphic designer and still make mistakes. There is always the possibility of human error. On the other hand if you’re not a designer, the chances of making some common graphic design mistakes are even higher. Because you don’t know what you don’t know. That’s where this blog comes in. To make your job easier and help you create better designs, we have put together a list of common graphic design mistakes that you need to avoid.
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppMansi Shah
White Wonder by Eva Tschopp
A tale about our culture around the use of fertilizers and pesticides visiting small farms around Ahmedabad in Matar and Shilaj.
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitabilityaaryangarg12
In today's digital era, the dynamics of brand perception, consumer behavior, and profitability have been profoundly reshaped by the synergy of branding, social media, and website design. This research paper investigates the transformative power of these elements in influencing how individuals perceive brands and products and how this transformation can be harnessed to drive sales and profitability for businesses.
Through an exploration of brand psychology and consumer behavior, this study sheds light on the intricate ways in which effective branding strategies, strategic social media engagement, and user-centric website design contribute to altering consumers' perceptions. We delve into the principles that underlie successful brand transformations, examining how visual identity, messaging, and storytelling can captivate and resonate with target audiences.
Methodologically, this research employs a comprehensive approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Real-world case studies illustrate the impact of branding, social media campaigns, and website redesigns on consumer perception, sales figures, and profitability. We assess the various metrics, including brand awareness, customer engagement, conversion rates, and revenue growth, to measure the effectiveness of these strategies.
The results underscore the pivotal role of cohesive branding, social media influence, and website usability in shaping positive brand perceptions, influencing consumer decisions, and ultimately bolstering sales and profitability. This paper provides actionable insights and strategic recommendations for businesses seeking to leverage branding, social media, and website design as potent tools to enhance their market position and financial success.
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
Site Planning in the Context of Architectural Projects
1. Ar. J.K.GUPTAAr. J.K.GUPTA, Former Director, College of Architecture, IET, Former Director, College of Architecture, IET
Bhaddal--Email---- jit.kumar1944@gmail.comBhaddal--Email---- jit.kumar1944@gmail.com
SITE PLANNING
2. Buildings- Role and ImportanceBuildings- Role and Importance
Buildings-- integral part of human history, growth and
development
Buildings -- shall continue to define journey of human growth
and development
Buildings-- make manmade environment- vital for human growth
Buildings –are living organism
Buildings -- as structures cater to all human activities
Buildings -- largest consumers of energy (50%)
Buildings - largest consumers of resources
Buildings – largest generators of waste
Buildings- largest polluter of environment /ecology
Buildings --- responsible for largest carbon footprints
Buildings -- responsible for global warming
Buildings -- major determinant of global sustainability
3. Buildings- Role and ImportanceBuildings- Role and Importance
• Buildings– providers of optimum/worst living conditions
Buildings -- make people healthy/sick
Buildings --critical because 80% human life spent in
buildings
-- Buildings-- vital to address / overcome human/
ecological concerns
Making Buildings Sustainable-- essential to make value
addition to resources, environment ,ecology
Studies revealed —
Sustainable school Buildings-- makes learning easy and
more meaningful
Sustainable Home --- makes people happy and healthy
Sustainable Hospital building-- cures patients quickly
Sustainable shopping mall-- can increase sale / profits
4. SDG 11- Make cities and human settlements inclusiveSDG 11- Make cities and human settlements inclusive
,safe, resilient and sustainable,safe, resilient and sustainable
7. Buildings- Built EnvironmentBuildings- Built Environment• Operational domain of Buildings revolves around:
• -Searching for a Site
• - Site Planning
• -- Designing Building
• --construction,
• --operation,
• -- maintenance
• --Demolition and
• -Reconstruction of building
• Professionals-- have a critical role and responsibility in;
-- Making value addition to resources ,environment
,ecology
-- creating sustainable buildings.
• -- Making Buildings cost–effective
-- Making optimum use of available resources
--- Using the existing potential of site
8. DESIGNING GREEN BUILDINGSDESIGNING GREEN BUILDINGS
•Adopting integrated approach to building design forAdopting integrated approach to building design for
reducing energy in buildings by:reducing energy in buildings by:
Site planning- planning with nature, making best
use of site potential/climate, orientation, landscaping
building envelop design – with minimum
energy implications
High building efficiency-
Integrating renewable energy resources- to
generate energy on site.
Using Ecologically sustainable/ low energy
materials- local and in natural form.
Using eco- friendly construction methodologies.
Effective water and waste management.
Innovative options used for heating, cooling,
lighting and ventilation.
•Role ofRole of Architects, Engineers, Structural Engineers,Architects, Engineers, Structural Engineers,
Builders critical in evolving Energy Efficient buildingsBuilders critical in evolving Energy Efficient buildings..
•Town PlannersTown Planners to contribute to energy reduction by :to contribute to energy reduction by :
–evolving layout plans with energy as focus,
–making best use of sun and wind
9. Designing Green BuildingsDesigning Green Buildings
• Green Building Design to be based on - CLIMATE
• Orientation -- to optimize light and heat gain/heat loss
• Sun movement-- to maximizes use of free solar energy for heating
/lighting
• Wind direction---using movement of air for ventilation/ cooling
• Planning -- to optimize the site, shape of building, planning spaces,
allocating uses, placing or rooms, circulation, promoting building
efficiency, promoting natural sunlight, air and ventilation
• Building Envelop--– Mass – space relationships/ solids and voids,
positioning of openings ,projections, shading devices, height, shape
of building, natural lighting and ventilations etc
• Materials- Materials to be used for buildings- low embodied materials
locally available and in natural form, lightweight – reduce dead load
• Technologies - Cost- effective, material efficient, speedier
construction, energy efficient
• Indoor Air Quality- To create optimum living conditions for residents
10. Designing Green BuildingsDesigning Green Buildings
• CLIMATE to be the major driver of the Green
Building Design
• Climate to be considered in three contexts
• Macro Climate - Regional context- to help
understand the prevailing general climatic
conditions & climatic zone in which site falls
• Meso Climate – Settlement context- to understand
the prevailing local climatic conditions
• Micro Climate--Site climate – to understand the
site and site specific peculiarities in terms of
location, topography, existing flora/fauna/ water
bodies etc
12. Understanding SiteUnderstanding Site
• Understanding Site critical for
• Defining structure of the project
• Positioning Buildings
• Determining solid and void relationship within site
• Determining shape, size &volume of buildings
• Determining distances between buildings
• Planning and designing state of art Buildings;
• Planning and designing Sustainable Buildings
• - Creating Cost –effective Buildings
• -- Planning of spaces- both internal and external
• -- Determining building setbacks
• - Preparing Landscape design
• - Evolving Traffic and Transportation Plan
• -- Preparing Infrastructure plan
• -- Evolving Service Plan - Preparing Drainage Plan
• - Providing Rain water Harvesting
13. Understanding SiteUnderstanding Site
• Before starting design;
• -- site needs to be studied, analysed and understood thoroughly
and objectively
• --Design to be outcome of the site and site responsive
• - Premeditated design always fail to do justice to project-
making them irrational/unsustainable
• -- SWOT analysis of Site needs to be carried out- to understand
its strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
• -- Design to aim at making optimum use of strength of site
• -- overcome its weaknesses
• -- make best use of opportunities being offered and
• -- ward off all possible threats
• Site needs to be looked out both from inside, outside and from
top and bottom
14. Understanding SiteUnderstanding Site
• Site needs study/analysis in terms of;
• Location,
• Accessibility
• Shape and size
• Topography,
• Vegetation,
• Infrastructure,
• Orientation
• Wind Direction
• Local culture, soil conditions
• View from site /View to site
• Prevailing typology of buildings
• Existing structures within site
• Existing encumbrances- electric /gas lines, water bodies etc
• Local Building bye laws
• Developmental Controls- Height, FAR, Setbacks ,land use etc
16. Site AnalysisSite Analysis
Thorough and objective site analysis critical for
evolving cost-effective, environmentally sustainable
and rational design solution for any project
Site analysis critical for evaluation of site in terms of ;
- Its existing potential
- Understanding environmental impact of
development
- Impact on community
– Impact on adjoining development/properties
– defining project design
– - defining scope of project
– - understanding development constraints
17. Site Analysis- Factors consideredSite Analysis- Factors considered
i) Understanding Site
ii)Location
iii)Orientation
iv)Wind direction
v)Soil conditions
vi)Topography
vii)Vegetation and Natural Features
viii) Hydrology and Precipitation
ix)Infrastructures
x)Surrounding Land uses & Buildings
xi)Vision / Visual Linkages
18. Site Analysis- LocationSite Analysis- Location
i) Understanding Site –
• most critical in design process
•. Detailed site analysis needed to--
- Record
--Evaluate information on the site and its surroundings
----understand the various features which will be important during
the design
ii)Location
First aspect that one needs to look at----
• Where is the site located?
• How is the site approached?
• What is street/ road etc on which site is located?
• How far away major junction?
•-- Respect the abutting roads to site
•- Position buildings parallel to abutting roads even when site not
regular
20. Site Analysis- OrientationSite Analysis- Orientation
iii)Orientation is position/positioning of site with
relation to points of compass/other specific directions
•Context of each cardinal direction needs to be
understood- North/South/East/West
•Context of Climate zone needs understanding for design
•Orientation plays important role in siting building.
When combined with:
•-- wind direction and
•-- sun path
would give a good idea as to how building /
design should be oriented so as to :
--optimize design.
•Orientation- along with sun path will determine
21. Site Analysis- OrientationSite Analysis- Orientation•South- East --best orientation in composite climate
•North -- worst orientation in cold/ hilly areas- North
slope to be banned for all development in hills
•North orientation- best for sourcing glare free , uniform
natural light without any heat gain- provide opportunities
for large glazing- most suitable in industrial buildings
•West – worst orientation- Minimum surfaces to be
provided in west to avoid heat gain- have minimum west
oriented walls, where provided—use cavity walls/thick
walls/green walls/ventilated cavity walls/white
paints/reflective surfaces/ trees for shading vertical
/louver-- provide minimum openings- use for storage/
non-habitable uses
•West/South west--Residential Buildings- can be used
26. Site Analysis- Wind DirectionSite Analysis- Wind Direction
.
iv) Wind Direction
---Most locations
-- will have a general major
direction from which wind comes.
-- However, not always hold true
-- varies from location to location
-- season to season.
• For designing a
climatologically responsive
building --important to consider
-- direction of wind
-- to channelized through interiors.
27. Site Analysis-Soil ConditionsSite Analysis-Soil Conditions
vi) SOIL
Soil varies from place to place.
• Properties also vary according to type of soil.
-Sandy soil,
- clayey soil,
--laterite etc
all have different properties–
-- load bearing,
-- water retentivity
--Water absorption
-- homogeneity
-- which impact design of building.
-- Soil conditions important -- while designing
structure of buildings.
28. Site Analysis-TopographySite Analysis-Topography
vii) Topography –
--refers to the slope and level
of land whether;
--- land is flat/plain or
--- sloping/ undulating
• Designing--a sloping site more challenging.
• If a site is sloping, exact slope can be
interpreted from a detailed Contour map.
•Locations and spacing of contour play a
• big role in siting of building.
• Always better to design buildings along
contours,
• integrating contours into design reduces
unnecessary cutting and filling of soil.
29. Site Analysis-Vegetation & NaturalSite Analysis-Vegetation & Natural
FeaturesFeatures
•Viii) Vegetation and Natural Features
•Natural vegetation present on site -- very important.
• Every good design will
-- integrate
---highlight &
---accentuate
Natural vegetation to create perfect harmony.
•Vegetation comprises of-- trees, flora and fauna existing on site.
•Marked on site plan to integrate with design along with by defining their;
--location, ---
-- type ,
-- size ,
--diameter or
- spread of branches/ heights etc
31. Site Analysis-Precipitation &Site Analysis-Precipitation &
HydrologyHydrology
ix) Hydrlogy and Precipitation:
•Amount of rainfall and
• Time period during which rainfall occurs/ site receives ---are
to be found out.
• Relative Humidity found out to --determine moisture
content in atmosphere.
• Higher relative humidity suggests a humid climate,-- cross
circulation of wind at body level is a must for comfort.
• A lower relative humidity suggest s a dry climate
32. Site Analysis- InfrastructureSite Analysis- Infrastructure
FacilitiesFacilities
x) Infrastructure
•Infrastructure facilities refer to services present in
vicinity of Site.
• Major facilities to be considered are :
-- water supply,
-- Storm water drainage ,
-- Waste disposal,
-- Electricity supply
- Roads
-Communication network etc.
• Important while planning / zoning site for :
--promoting economy and
--making optimum use of services
33. Site Analysis-Land Use/VisualSite Analysis-Land Use/Visual
linkageslinkages
xi)Surrounding land uses & buildings –
. For optimum design solution —
--surrounding land uses and
--buildings
.need close focus and consideration
• Incompatible landuses may lead to creation of issues in design.
•Height and setbacks of adjoining buildings important in ensuring
•--flow of air and
--- sunlight.
xii) Prominent Vision lines / Visual linkages –
•Important element in design process.
• Views to site as well
•-- views from the site
•-- need careful consideration,
•-- while designing.
35. Site PlanningSite Planning
Site planning is the;
– Art and science of positioning structures and
designing internal and external in a given
site.
• --It is also the Art and science of determining
typology of buildings and their location in the
context of a given site having regard to
orientation , landscaping, infrastructure,
mobility, parking , privacy, view etc
•
36. Site PlanningSite Planning PrinciplesPrinciples
.
i) Neighbourhood Character
ii) Physical Characteristics
iii)Site and Slopes
iv)Set backs
v)Minimum Fingerprints of Building
vi)Minimum damage to site
vii)Design with Nature and local Culture
viii) Promoting Pedestrianisation
ix) Using hierarchy of
-- Preservation,
-- Conservation and
-- Regeneration
37. Site PlanningSite Planning PrinciplesPrinciples
.
Site planning / design--- Need to consider broad range of concerns
before evolving design concept.:
---physical aspects of site
--vision/ program of client,
---designer’s own creative inclination,
-- concerns of community
---interests of end user.
--- zoning /bye-laws requirements -- to regulate the density / geometry of
development, road widths ,parking and drainage requirements,
--- natural resource( protection ) areas.
ii)Neighbourhood Character
iii) Physical Characteristics
Site planning incorporate an accurate description of:
• Shape, size, orientation of site and easements.
• Levels / contours of site and
-- difference in levels between site / surrounding properties.
• Location/ height of existing buildings on site and surrounding
properties.
use of surrounding buildings, including location of habitable rooms.
38. Site PlanningSite Planning PrinciplesPrinciples
.
iv Set backs;
•Set backs most important in site planning and positioning of
buildings
•Adequate Set backs vital for promoting sustainability and
livability
•Identify worst orientation and leave minimum set backs.
•Maximum setbacks given in the front for safety, security,
sealing from noise, privacy, developing green spaces,
avoiding demolition during widening/laying infrastructure-
specially when facing North/east
•Leave minimum setbacks for fire safety, air-light and
ventilation in buildings
•Identify open spaces to be left within buildings before siting
of buildings and defining setbacks
39. Site PlanningSite Planning PrinciplesPrinciples
.
v) Site and Slopes
• Good designing follow grades and run along ridge lines.
• Steep site slopes often require increased cut and fill, if building are sited using
conventional methods of designing
• If incorporated into initial subdivision/layout process-- slope can be asset to
development..
vi) Use Site Finger-printing
• Site finger-printing (minimal disturbance techniques) can be used to:
-- further reduce limits of clearing and grading
--minimizing hydrologic impacts.
Site fingerprinting includes:
-- restricting ground disturbance by
-- indentifying smallest possible area
--clearly delineated on site.
-- Reduce paving and
--compaction of highly permeable soils.
41. Site Planning-impact ofSite Planning-impact of
buildings- minimising Buildingbuildings- minimising Building
FootprintsFootprints
42. Site PlanningSite Planning PrinciplesPrinciples
.
vii) Minimizing damage/harm
--Make no changes to site that will degrade the surrounding environment.
---Promote projects on sites -where previous disturbance /development presents
an opportunity to regenerate ecosystem services through sustainable design.
viii)Design with nature and culture
Create and implant designs that are responsive to :
-economic,
-environmental, and cultural conditions with respect to :
-- local, regional, and global context.
ix)Planning New Pedestrian Links
–to promote Pedestrianization and minimising vehicular traffic
x) Use hierarchy of preservation, conservation, and
regeneration
Maximise the benefits of ecosystem by :
--preserving existing environmental features
--conserving resources in a sustainable manner, and
--regenerating lost or damaged ecosystem services.
45. Site Planning and Building DesignSite Planning and Building Design
• Respect abutting roads while positioning/
designing buildings- buildings to run parallel
to abutting roads
• Set backs in the site should be dictated by
the orientation/legal framework – with
minimum setback kept on worst side and
large setback on the best orientation/front
side
• Setbacks also defined considering the open
spaces to be provided within the buildings
and the prevailing flora- fauna besides area
to be used for landscaping
46. Site Planning and Building DesignSite Planning and Building Design
• Lighting -also to dictate positioning of
building- with north best for glare
free/uniform/cool light
• Building design preferably dictated by golden
mean ratio while considering the proportions
• In irregular site- plan for regular buildings
with walls running parallel to abutting roads
and residual irregular spaces used for
landscaping/set backs.
• In designing-- respect site, respect nature,
existing topography and existing water
47. Site Planning and Building DesignSite Planning and Building Design
• Site planning- based on Climate considered at
Regional/ Settlement/Site levels
• Look for prevailing wind direction for site planning and
positioning of buildings in site—
• Look for desirable winds/undesirable winds
• Look at the orientation context for site planning
• Look at the views from/to site– make best use of views
focusing on nature, avoid views of
slums/industry/pollution etc
• Carry out land suitability analysis in large projects for
defining areas needing preservation/conservation/ fit
for development/unfit for development for rational site
planning
48. AND SEARCH FOR PROMOTING RATIONALAND SEARCH FOR PROMOTING RATIONAL
SITE PLANNING CONTINUES ASSITE PLANNING CONTINUES AS
FORMIDABLE CHALLENGE TO ARCHITECTSFORMIDABLE CHALLENGE TO ARCHITECTS