This document discusses the classification and types of ships. It covers merchant ships, naval and coast guard vessels, recreational vessels, utility tugs, research and environmental ships, and ferries. Merchant ships are classified based on their cargo and include general cargo vessels, tankers, bulk carriers, container ships, and passenger ships. Naval and coast guard vessels tend to be expensive due to performance requirements. Recreational vessels include pleasure craft and cruise liners. Ships are also classified based on their support type, which includes aerostatic, hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, and submarines.

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Ship Classification and Types
Adi Wirawan Husodo
Jurusan Teknik Permesinan Kapal
Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya - ITS

2. Jenis-jenis Kapal (1)
• Kapal-kapal niaga (merchant ships)
• High speed craft
• Yacth
• Warship

3. Jenis-jenis Kapal (2)
• Transport
– Cargo, container ship, passenger ships, etc
• Non Transport
– Fishing vessels, service craft (tugs, supply
vessels, warships)

4. Jenis-jenis Kapal (3)

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Classification of Ship
A. By usage
• Merchant Ship
• Naval & Coast Guard Vessel
• Recreational Vessel
• Utility Tugs
• Research & Environmental
Ship
• Ferries
B. By Support Type
• Aerostatic Support
• Hydrodynamic Support
• Hydrostatic Support
• Submarine

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Merchant Ships
These ships are intended to earn a profit in the distribution of goods.
General Cargo, Tanker, LPG/LNG Carrier, Bulk Carrier, Container Vessel, etc.
1. GENERAL CARGO VESSEL
• A lot of Cargo Hold (ruang muat)
• Hatch (palka); akses ke ruang
muat
• Cargo handling equipment :
derrick, winches, cranes
• Double Bottom : ballast tank, FW
tank, fuel tank, etc
• Engine room & accommodation
room  backside
• 2000 : 15000 ton displacement
• 12 : 18 knots Velocity of service

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Merchant Ships
2. TANKER VESSEL
• Liquid carrier (mostly oil)  oil
tanker
• Cargo tank, equipped with
longitudinal & transversal
bulkhead
• Piping system (network pipe) for
cargo operation
• Pump room
• Fore peak & After peak Tank
mostly used for water ballast
• 12 : 16 knots Vs
• Varies tons of displacement

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Merchant Ships
2. TANKER VESSEL (cont.)
Tanker General
Arrangement
LNG tank
arrangement

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Merchant Ships
3. BULK CARRIER
• Single deck type of vessel
• To carry the commodity
things; sugar, grain, ore, dll
• A lot of Cargo hold
• Have 2 longitudinal
bulkhead; divide into several
cargo space and tank (wing
tank)
• Cargo hold: Centre hold and
2 wing tank
• Up to 150.000 ton of
displacement capacity
• 12 to 16 knots Vs

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Merchant Ships
4. CONTAINER SHIP
• Carry out containers (2435
mm x 2435 mm; 3 types of
length: 6055 mm, 9125
mm, 12190 mm)
• Wide hatch
• Designed double bottom:
ballast and improve the
longitudinal strength of ship
• Wing tank: ballast and
heeling management
(especially in loading
unloading process)
• Accommodation and ER in
backside
• Up to 30 knots of Vs

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Merchant Ships
5. PASSENGER SHIP
• Human transportation
• Big accommodation room
• Leisure facilities
• Equipped with stabilizer; to
reduce the rolling motion
• Bow thruster; for
maneuvering
• Up to 12000 tones of
displacement, and 20 knots
of Vs

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Naval & Coast Guard Vessel
• Classified as combatants or auxiliaries. These ships tend to be extremely
expensive because their missions require many performance capabilities such
as speed, endurance, weapons payload, ability to operate and survive in
hostile environments and reliability under combat conditions.

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• Recreational Vessel
Personal pleasure craft and cruise liners are a specialized class of ships that
are run to earn a profit by providing recreation services to the general
public. Comfort and safety are of utmost importance.
• Utility Tugs
Designed for long operation and easy maintenance with a no frills approach.
• Research & Environmental Ship
Highly specialized equipment must be kept and often deployed into and out
of the water.
• Ferries
People and Vehicles must be able to be loaded and unloaded with efficiency
and safety in accordance with a strict time schedule in all weather
conditions.
By usage (cont.)

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By Support Type

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Aerostatic Support
• ACV (Air Cushion Vehicles)
• SES (Captured Air Bubble)
Hydrodynamic Support
• Hydrofoil
• HYSWAS (Hydrodynamic Small Water plane Area Ship)
• Planning Hull
Hydrostatic Support
• Conventional Ship
• Catamaran
• SWATH (Small Water plane Area Twin Hull)
• Deep Displacement
Submarine
• Submarine
• AUV/ROV
By Support Type