The seminar discusses 3D printing as an additive manufacturing technology that creates objects by building successive layers of material, enhancing efficiency and customization. It covers its history, key terms, and applications in fields like product design, medicine, and architecture. The technology is revolutionizing production processes, saving time and costs, and is supported by various materials such as ABS and PLA.

1. SEMINAR ON
“3-D PRINTING”
BY-
SOURBH KUMAR
DESIGN PROFESSIONAL & CYBER CODER
WWW.TINYURL.COM/PMBLAD6

2. INTRODUCTION
3D PRINTING IS A FORM OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY WHERE A
THREE DIMENSIONAL OBJECT IS CREATED BY LAYING DOWN SUCCESSIVE
LAYERS OF MATERIAL. IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS RAPID PROTOTYPING, IS A
MECHANIZED METHOD WHEREBY 3D OBJECTS ARE QUICKLY MADE ON A
REASONABLY SIZED MACHINE CONNECTED TO A COMPUTER CONTAINING
BLUEPRINTS FOR THE OBJECT. THE 3D PRINTING CONCEPT OF CUSTOM
MANUFACTURING IS EXCITING TO NEARLY EVERYONE. THIS REVOLUTIONARY
METHOD FOR CREATING 3D MODELS WITH THE USE OF INKJET TECHNOLOGY
SAVES TIME AND COST BY ELIMINATING THE NEED TO DESIGN; PRINT AND GLUE
TOGETHER SEPARATE MODEL PARTS. NOW, YOU CAN CREATE A COMPLETE
MODEL IN A SINGLE PROCESS USING 3D PRINTING. THE BASIC PRINCIPLES
INCLUDE MATERIALS CARTRIDGES, FLEXIBILITY OF OUTPUT, AND TRANSLATION
OF CODE INTO A VISIBLE PATTERN.

3. HISTORY OF 3D PRINTING
THE TECHNOLOGY FOR PRINTING PHYSICAL 3D OBJECTS FROM DIGITAL DATA
WAS FIRST DEVELOPED BY CHARLES HULL IN 1984. HE NAMED THE TECHNIQUE
AS STEREO LITHOGRAPHY AND OBTAINED A PATENT FOR THE TECHNIQUE IN
1986. WHILE STEREO LITHOGRAPHY SYSTEMS HAD BECOME POPULAR BY THE
END OF 1980S, OTHER SIMILAR TECHNOLOGIES SUCH AS FUSED DEPOSITION
MODELING (FDM) AND SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING (SLS) WERE INTRODUCED.
IN 1993, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (MIT) PATENTED
ANOTHER TECHNOLOGY, NAMED "3 DIMENSIONAL PRINTING TECHNIQUES",
WHICH IS SIMILAR TO THE INKJET TECHNOLOGY USED IN 2D PRINTERS.

4. TERMINOLOGY
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING:- REFERS TO TECHNOLOGIES THAT CREATES
OBJECTS THROUGH SEQUENTIAL LAYERING.
RAPID PROTOTYPING:- IS A GROUP OF TECHNIQUES USED TO QUICKLY
FABRICATE A SCALE MODEL OF A PHYSICAL PART OR ASSEMBLY USING THREE-
DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN DATA.
SUBTRACTIVE MANUFACTURING:- REMOVAL OF MATERIALS BY METHODS
SUCH AS DRILLING OR CUTTING.
STEREO LITHOGRAPHY:- WAS DEFINED BY CHARLES W.HULL AS A “ SYSTEM
FOR GENERATING THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS BY CREATING A CROSS-
SECTIONAL PATTERN OF THE OBJECT TO BE FORMED.

6. 3 D PRINTABLE MODELS
• 3D PRINTABLE MODELS MAY BE CREATED WITH A COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
PACKAGE OR VIA 3D SCANNER.
• THE MANUAL MODELING PROCESS OF PREPARING GEOMETRIC DATA FOR
3D COMPUTER GRAPHICS IS SIMILAR TO PLASTIC ARTS SUCH AS
SCULPTING.
• 3D SCANNING OBJECT IS A PROCESS OF ANALYZING AND COLLECTING DATA
OF REAL OBJECT; ITS SHAPES AND APPEARANCE AND BUILD DIGITAL ,
THREE DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS.

7. RAPID PROTOTYPING

8. PRINTING
• TO PERFORM A PRINT, THE MACHINE READS THE DESIGN FROM 3D PRINTABLE
FILE(STL FILE)
• STL- STEREO LITHOGRAPHY.
• ITS LAY DOWN SUCCESSIVE LAYERS OF FLUID, POWDER, PAPER OR SHEET
MATERIAL TO BUILD THE MODEL FROM A SERIES OF CROSS SECTION.
• THESE LAYERS, WHICH CORRESPONDS TO VIRTUAL CROSS SECTIONS FROM THE
CAD MODEL, ARE JOINED AUTOMATICALLY FUSED TO CREATE THE FINAL SHAPE.
• PRINTER RESOLUTION DESCRIBES THE LAYER THICKNESS AND X-Y RESOLUTION
IN DPI, OR MICROMETERS.
• THE PARTICLES ARE AROUND 50 TO 100 MICROMETERS IN DIAMETER USUALLY.

9. THE MODEL TO BE MANUFACTURED IS BUILT UP A LAYER AT A TIME. A LAYER OF
POWDER IS AUTOMATICALLY DEPOSITED IN THE MODEL TRAY. THE PRINT HEAD
THEN APPLIES RESIN IN THE SHAPE OF THE MODEL. THE LAYER DRIES SOLID
ALMOST IMMEDIATELY. THE MODEL TRAY THEN MOVES DOWN THE DISTANCE OF
A LAYER AND ANOTHER LAYER OF POWER IS DEPOSITED IN POSITION, IN THE
MODEL TRAY. THE PRINT HEAD AGAIN APPLIES RESIN IN THE SHAPE OF THE
MODEL, BINDING IT TO THE FIRST LAYER. THIS SEQUENCE OCCURS ONE LAYER
AT A TIME UNTIL THE MODEL IS COMPLETE

10. MANUFACTURING A MODEL WITH THE 3D
PRINTER

12. WORLD’S FIRST 3D PRINTED PLANE TAKES FLIGHT

13. MATERIALS USED IN 3D PRINTING
ABS- ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE
ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE IS A COMMON THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER. ITS
GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IS APPROXIMATELY 105 °C. ABS IS AMORPHOUS
AND THEREFORE HAS NO TRUE MELTING POINT MELTING POINT: 105 °C
FORMULA: (C8H8·C4H6·C3H3N)N
PLA:-POLYLACTIC ACID OR POLYLACTIDE (PLA, POLY) IS A
BIODEGRADABLE THERMOPLASTIC DERIVED FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES, SUCH
AS CORN STARCH (IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA), OR SUGARCANE (IN THE
REST OF THE WORLD). IN 2010, PLA HAD THE SECOND HIGHEST CONSUMPTION
VOLUME OF ANY BIOPLASTIC OF THE WORLD. MELTING POINT-150-160 C.

14. 3D PRINTING CAPABILITIES
AS ANTICIPATED, THIS MODERN TECHNOLOGY HAS SMOOTHED THE PATH FOR NUMEROUS NEW
POSSIBILITIES IN VARIOUS FIELDS. THE LIST BELOW DETAILS THE ADVANTAGES OF 3D PRINTING
IN CERTAIN FIELDS.
1.PRODUCT FORMATION IS CURRENTLY THE MAIN USE OF 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY. THESE
MACHINES ALLOW DESIGNERS AND ENGINEERS TO TEST OUT IDEAS FOR DIMENSIONAL
PRODUCTS CHEAPLY BEFORE COMMITTING TO EXPENSIVE TOOLING AND MANUFACTURING
PROCESSES.
2.2. IN MEDICAL FIELD, SURGEONS ARE USING 3D PRINTING MACHINES TO PRINT BODY PARTS
FOR REFERENCE BEFORE COMPLEX SURGERIES. OTHER MACHINES ARE USED TO CONSTRUCT
BONE GRAFTS FOR PATIENTS WHO HAVE SUFFERED TRAUMATIC INJURIES. LOOKING FURTHER IN
THE FUTURE, RESEARCH IS UNDERWAY AS SCIENTISTS ARE WORKING ON CREATING
REPLACEMENT ORGANS.
3. 3. ARCHITECTS NEED TO CREATE MOCKUPS OF THEIR DESIGNS. 3D PRINTING ALLOWS THEM
TO COME UP WITH THESE MOCKUPS IN A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME AND WITH A HIGHER DEGREE
OF ACCURACY.

15. 3D SAVES TIME AND COST
CREATING COMPLETE MODELS IN A SINGLE PROCESS USING 3D
PRINTING HAS GREAT BENEFITS. THIS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY
HAS BEEN PROVEN TO SAVE COMPANIES TIME, MANPOWER AND
MONEY. COMPANIES PROVIDING 3D PRINTING SOLUTIONS HAVE
BROUGHT TO LIFE AN EFFICIENT AND COMPETENT
TECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCT.
APPLICATIONS:- RAPID PROTOTYPING, RAPID MANUFACTURING,
MASS CUSTOMIZATION, MASS PRODUCTION, CLOTHING, 3D BIO
PRINTING, MEDICAL DEVICES ETC.

16. EXAMPLES- 3D PRINTED OBJECT

21. REFRENCES
 HTTP://WWW.EXPLAININGTHEFUTURE.COM/3DPRINTING.HTML
 HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/3D_PRINTING
• HTTP://WWW.MAHALO.COM/3D-PRINTERS/
• HTTPS://GRABCAD.COM/QUESTIONS/MAGICAL-WORLD-OF-3D-PRINTING BY
S.KUMAR

22. THANKS FOR YOUR
TIME