Recent 3D printing technologies: A comparative review and future perspective
3D Printer in the civil engineering
1. What technical and economic impact 3D printer may
have in the field of civil engineering?
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2. Contents
What is it?
The economic aspect
The technical aspects
Conclusion
Sources
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3. What is it?
Nowadays, even in the field of civil engineering machines we create
more and more efficient and innovative. Among them, there is a
technology that prints either in two dimensions but in three
dimensions: 3D printer
At present the 3D printer is a technology development and
utilization of scientific and technical sectors, it has an essential role
in the world of industry and building our future. Besides all the
players in the construction are potentially affected by the industrial
revolution.
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4. The economic aspect
On the economic aspect, this future technology is based on a set of
scientific developments, technological, organizational, financial and
commercial. The main socio-economic elements of the 3D printer:
the challenges, market size, state of competition and strategy in
different countries. All this represent as opportunities or threats that
will influence the world economy in the coming years. For a large
part the capitalist order is built by machines.
For example, in terms of population, according to the Ministry of
Industry and Energy and the Digital Economy of France, the world
population will go up to 9 billion people in 2050. Life expectancy
does not affect only the developed countries but the entire world.
Moreover the urbanization rate increases from 65% in 2030 and
75% in 2100. Even areas already urbanized will be the rate
increases. Hence the importance of the issue of the 3D printer for
our future in the world of civil engineering.
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5. The economic aspect
According to Wohlers study, nearly 30,000 3D printers were sold worldwide in
2011, twice more than in 2010. Revenues related to 3D printing are expected
to reach $ 3.7 billion worldwide in 2015 and $ 6.5 billion in 2019. (See
Wohlers’graphic).
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6. The technical aspects
3D printer is a tool for the industry of
architecture and urbanism. The
engineering of these 3D printers
issues of corporate, economic and
political. This technology could
revolutionize the way we build and
see the world of construction. It allows
architectural freedom which so far
was limited by the artisanal and very
expensive techniques can create
pieces with more complex forms that
emerge from our imagination and
accurately as concave or convex
forms currently require prefabrication
formwork expensive. The construction
is made from plastic or metal or
concrete structure.
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7. The technical aspects
Several studies have been conducted in several countries such as China,
the United States and England to find the best recipe for quick-setting
concrete for 3D printers and that is as strong as reinforced concrete and
more manageable. Called high performance concrete were created with a
resistance of up to 70 MPa used to go by this technology.
In fact, it is getting 3D printing to the scale of the construction. It can use
multiple assembly techniques that can be used separately or in
combination. In theory it can make it almost any object from any material,
although in reality there are limits and constraints of manufacture.
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8. Conclusion
The buildings are designed by computer and are built by computer, 3D
printing in architecture was restricted to the production of models and
small-scale models, and it is now possible to print 3D houses. We can
say that it is a revolution in the world of civil engineering when this
product will be conquered investors and construction companies. While
being environmentally friendly, it would provide a good quality of work
and reduce costs.
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