1. This project is funded by Structural Funds of the European Union (ESF) and state budget of the Czech Republic
Detection of Breast Abnormalities of
Thermograms based on a New
Segmentation Method
Dr. Tarek Gaber
IT4Innovation, VSB-TU Ostrava, Czech
Faculty of Computers & Informatics
Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Scientific Research Group in Egypt
(SRGE)
Tmgaber@gmail.com
Dr. Mona Ali
Faculty of Computers & Information
Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE)
Prepared by

2. Agenda

3. • Breast cancer is*:
− the most common cancer
among women,
− considered one of the first-
leading causes of cancer
deaths among women
• So, the early detection of breast
cancer is a very crucial save
many women's life.
Introduction
* R. Siegel, J. Ma, Z. Zou, and A. Jemal, “Cancer statistics, 2014,” CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, vol.
64, no. 1, pp. 9–29, 2014.

4.  Mammography is one of the most imaging technology used for
diagnosing breast cancer.
 However, mammography
 has difficultly in imaging dense breast tissues,
 its performance is poor in younger women and harmful, and
 it couldn’t detect breast tumor that less than 2 mm.
 It is a high cost system
Based on http://www.blockimaging.com/, the cost of mammography
devices are
• GE Senographe DS- $60,000 to $95,000
• GE Senographe Essential- $105,000 to $155,000
• Physician's Workstation- $15,000 to $40,000
Introduction

5. Introduction
 To overcome the mammography limitations, Infrared
thermography could be used
 it was found that there is a relation between the
temperature and the presence of the breast cancer [1].
 Thus thermography could be used to detect the cancer
at the early stages which is crucial for cancer patients
10.9.2015
[1] Yahara, Toshiro, et al. "Relationship between microvessel density and thermographic hot areas in breast
cancer." Surgery Today 33.4 (2003): 243-248.

6.  It is the science of acquisition and
analysis of thermal information collected
using thermal imaging devices.
 It is a noninvasive functional imaging
method, harmless, passive, fast, low
cost and sensitive method.
 It can also be defined as a method
detecting an infrared energy emitted
from an object, then converts this energy
into a temperature, and then displays an
image representing the temperature
distribution
 This concept is used to produce thermal
images instead mammogram
What is Infrared Thermography

7.  Segmentation of Region of Interest (ROI) is always an important
step in developing a CAD system for a breast cancer detection.
 ROI segmentation aims to separate the regions of the breast
from the other parts of the body..
 It can be achieved either
 fully automatic or semi-automatic
 This paper proposes a fully automatic breast segmentation
approach
Problem Definition

8. The main idea of the proposed segmentation method is based on the following facts
[2]:
• The distance between body and camera is 1 meter.
• As can be seen from the Figure, the image occupies only the upper
part of the patient that contains a part of the stomach and arms with
nick.
• The breast also occupies a specific position in the women’s body which is
nearly at the center of the image.
The New Segmentation Idea
[2] L. Silva, D. Saade, G. Sequeiros, A. Silva, A. Paiva, R. Bravo, and A. Conci, “A new database for breast research
with infrared image,” Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp.92–100, 2014.

9. Proposed Approach Model

10. Proposed Segmentation Method

11. Feature Extraction
From the enhanced ROI of breast thermograms,
two types of features are extracted:
1- First order statistical (feature with P>0.5 used), i.e. choosing
features significantly different from each other

12. Feature extraction
Feature Extraction Cont.
2- Texture Features (feature with P>0.5 used)

13.  The Support vector machine (SVM) was used to
evaluate the feature extracted from the ROI
extracted by our new proposed segmentation
method.
 The classification was conducted on the following
scenarios
Classification

14. The used database
A benchmark database (PROENG database) [4]
contains 149 patients with images at size of
640*480 pixels. The frontal images were
selected to test the proposed system. 63 cases,
29 healthy and 34 malignant, were used.
[4] L. Silva, D. Saade, G. Sequeiros, A. Silva, A. Paiva, R. Bravo, and A.
Conci, “A new database for breast research with infrared image,” Journal
of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp.92–100, 2014.

15. Experimental results: Segmentation
Original Image with different breast size
Segmentation Results of different breast size

16. Experimental results: Classification

17. Experimental results: Classification

18. • An automatic segmentation method for themograms have
been proposed.
• The method results proved its reliability in extracting the
ROI for different cases.
• This method was evaluated using the segmented ROI in a
proposed approach for the detection of the abnormalities of
breast thermograms
• the SVM with its kernel function was used to detect the
normal and abnormal breasts.
• Based the experimental results, it was found that the SVM-
RBF gave the best results (100%).
• using the measurements of the recall and the precision, the
evaluation of the classification results reached to 100%.
Conclusion and Future work

19. Can we develop a high accuracy rate CAD
system using the low cost and non-invasive
thermal technology to help many women
around the world to survive the breast cancer?
Thanks for your attention

20. Acknowledgment
 Thanks to the IT4Innovation, VSB-TU of Ostrava, Ostrava,
Czech Republic for the financial support for this work
 Thanks to the Scientific Research Group in Egypt, (SRGE),
http://www.egyptscience.net for the technical support of this
work
 Thanks to all co-authros
 Mona A. S. Ali;, Gehad Ismail Sayed, Tarek Gaber, Aboul Ella
Hassanien5, Vaclav Snasel, Lincoln F. Silva
10.9.2015