The document provides an overview of environmental studies as a field. It defines environmental studies as a multidisciplinary field that examines human interaction with the natural world. The scope of environmental studies is wide, covering aspects of many disciplines like biology, chemistry, geography, and economics. Understanding environmental studies is important because humans depend on natural resources and the environment for survival. Public awareness of environmental issues is needed to encourage sustainable development. The document lists some prominent environmental institutions and figures in India that have contributed to increased awareness and conservation efforts.
INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCEShkokani2461
Environment is derived from the French word Environner, which means to
encircle or surround. Environment is defined as the sum total of water, air, land and the interrelationships that exist among them and with the human beings, other living organisms and
materials.
Environmental science Module 1 Topic. This PPT is not a work of mine and was provided by our college professor during our graduation, so I am not sure about the original author. The credit goes to the Original author.
INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCEShkokani2461
Environment is derived from the French word Environner, which means to
encircle or surround. Environment is defined as the sum total of water, air, land and the interrelationships that exist among them and with the human beings, other living organisms and
materials.
Environmental science Module 1 Topic. This PPT is not a work of mine and was provided by our college professor during our graduation, so I am not sure about the original author. The credit goes to the Original author.
Reading assignment 81- 2- My ethics is always triggering me to.docxcatheryncouper
Reading assignment 8
1-
2- My ethics is always triggering me to think about our responsibility to the environment and the next generation. If we think about for moment, we will find that it is not fair to pass our environmental problems to the next generation. The main issue of my discussion is that both industrialized and developed countries lack process in how to deal with the environmental problems. This problem should be solved by international interference, and it is unreasonable to wait until the problem get worst. Each and every country has to participate in solving this problem. As individual we have to participate too, and gives opinions and start strong actions in solving our environmental problems, and do not wait the policy makers action
3- It is time to take a stand to find solutions to issues affecting our environment. Using ethical decisions, There will be less pollution, waste and problems related to the environment. Countries need to start using strategies that are friendly to the environment. This is the only way to ensure a safe environment for next generations. Factors threatening the environment have been present for many decades, but people never thought about doing anything to eliminate these factors. It is better to be proactive than reactive with these threats. Countries have to anticipate what can happen in the upcoming decades and not wait until it is too late to react. Therefore, it is the responsibility of every country and every person to reduce the threats affecting the environment.
2- believe that we are ethically obligated to care for our environment. I do not think that people should view the earth as what we can use it for, but how we can live from it while benefitting it at the same time. People talk about taking care of our earth all the time, but actions are worth more than words. I think that until more people start caring for our earth, it will continue to slowly deteriorate.
The major problem that we have today is using so many natural resources and polluting. As the population grows, human beings are going to have to be careful with how many natural resources they use because, obviously, they will eventually run out. I think that sometimes people do not realize the impact that this will have on future generations.
4- I think it is highly important to value nature. The world around us in full of many different living things. The life that makes up the world around us has many different values to us. I read a line in this chapter that sums up an interesting point that I agree with. "The best human life is one that includes an awareness of and practical concern with the goods of entities in the nonhuman world." I think it is important to realize the importance of things in the world around us and begin taking steps to preserve those things. I think too many times the small things go unnoticed. Just because as humans we don't find value in something, does not mean it does not have any v ...
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Reading assignment 81- 2- My ethics is always triggering me to.docxcatheryncouper
Reading assignment 8
1-
2- My ethics is always triggering me to think about our responsibility to the environment and the next generation. If we think about for moment, we will find that it is not fair to pass our environmental problems to the next generation. The main issue of my discussion is that both industrialized and developed countries lack process in how to deal with the environmental problems. This problem should be solved by international interference, and it is unreasonable to wait until the problem get worst. Each and every country has to participate in solving this problem. As individual we have to participate too, and gives opinions and start strong actions in solving our environmental problems, and do not wait the policy makers action
3- It is time to take a stand to find solutions to issues affecting our environment. Using ethical decisions, There will be less pollution, waste and problems related to the environment. Countries need to start using strategies that are friendly to the environment. This is the only way to ensure a safe environment for next generations. Factors threatening the environment have been present for many decades, but people never thought about doing anything to eliminate these factors. It is better to be proactive than reactive with these threats. Countries have to anticipate what can happen in the upcoming decades and not wait until it is too late to react. Therefore, it is the responsibility of every country and every person to reduce the threats affecting the environment.
2- believe that we are ethically obligated to care for our environment. I do not think that people should view the earth as what we can use it for, but how we can live from it while benefitting it at the same time. People talk about taking care of our earth all the time, but actions are worth more than words. I think that until more people start caring for our earth, it will continue to slowly deteriorate.
The major problem that we have today is using so many natural resources and polluting. As the population grows, human beings are going to have to be careful with how many natural resources they use because, obviously, they will eventually run out. I think that sometimes people do not realize the impact that this will have on future generations.
4- I think it is highly important to value nature. The world around us in full of many different living things. The life that makes up the world around us has many different values to us. I read a line in this chapter that sums up an interesting point that I agree with. "The best human life is one that includes an awareness of and practical concern with the goods of entities in the nonhuman world." I think it is important to realize the importance of things in the world around us and begin taking steps to preserve those things. I think too many times the small things go unnoticed. Just because as humans we don't find value in something, does not mean it does not have any v ...
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
4. DEFINITION :
Environmental studies refers to the study of environment.
Environmental Studies deals with every issue that affects a living organism. It is a multidisciplinary
approach that brings about an appreciation of our natural world and human impact of its integrity. It
is an applied science.
Environmental studies involves understanding human interactions with the environment. It requires
an integrated approach to several disciplines of science and social approach. OR,
It is a multidisciplinary academic field which systematically studies human interaction with the
environment in the interest of solving complex problems. OR,
It is a broad study that includes the natural environment, the built environment, and the sets of
relationships between them.
5. SCOPE:
The scope of environmental studies is extremely wide and covers some
aspects of nearly every major discipline.
We need to understand biology, chemistry, physics, geography, resource
management, economics and population issues to understand all the
different aspects of our environment.
For Example:
We use water to drink and for other day to day activities. We breathe air,
we use resources from which food is made, and we depend on the
community of living plants and animals which form a web of life of which
we are also a part. Everything around us forms our environment and our
lives depend on keeping its vital systems as intact as possible.
6. Our dependence in nature is so great that we cannot continue to live without
protecting the earth’s environmental resources. Thus, our environment is refer to
as Mother Earth by most traditions. Most traditional societies have learned that
respecting nature is vital for protecting their own livelihood. This has led to
many cultural practices that have helped traditional societies protect and preserve
their natural resources.
7. Modern societies began to believe that the easy answer to the question of producing more
resources could be provided by the indiscriminate application of technological invasions.
For example: Growing more food by using fertilizers and pesticides, developing better strains
of domestic animals and crops, irrigating farmland through mega-dams and developing
industry. All this has led to rapid economic growth but this type of ill-considered development
has inevitably led to environmental degradation besides several harmful effects as well.
Our natural resources can be compared with money in a bank. If we use it rapidly, the capital will
be reduced to zero. On the other hand, if we use only interest, it can sustain us over the longer
term. This is called sustainable development. Thus, each professional in their field should strive to
achieve sustainable development through their actions.
8. IMPORTANCE :
Natural resources are all a part of our life-support system and without them life itself would be
impossible. With the increase in population increases the use of quantity of resources used by each
one of us. Our earth cannot be expected to indefinitely sustain this expanding level of utilization of
resources.
This situation will only improve if each one of us begins to take actions in our daily lives that will
help preserve our environmental resources in order;
1. To clarify the idea that what is to be done in environment context.
2. To bring awareness and knowledge about environment in individuals and social groups.
3. To make them participate in solving the real time environmental problems.
9. SOME IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES:
1. By learning the knowledge of environmental studies people will understand the concept “the need of
development without destruction of the environment.”
2. It is useful in checking environmental pollution and related solutions.
3. It helps in maintaining ecological balances.
4. It helps to gain skills to assess the environmental impact of human activities. It will help to protect
biodiversity.
5. It gives us basic knowledge of environment and associated problems
6. It helps to achieve sustainable development.
7. It helps to educate people regarding their duties towards the protection of environment.
8. The knowledge of environmental science will be applied to the study of agriculture which will be
helpful to farmers.
11. As the earth’s natural resources are rapidly utilized and our environment is being increasingly degraded by
human activities or anthropogenic sources, it is evident that something needs to be done. We often feel that
managing all this is something that the Government should do. But if we continue to endanger our
environment there is no way by which government can perform all these clean up functions.
It is the prevention of environmental degradation that must become a part of all our lives. Protecting our
environment is economically more viable than cleaning it up once it is damage.
It is possible only when public are aware about the ecological and environmental issues. For example; Ban
the littering of plastics (polythene) cannot be successful until the people understands the environmental
implications of the same. Public should understand about the fact that if we degrade our environment we are
harming ourselves. It is the duty of an educated people to educate others about the adverse effects on
environment. Everyone needs to make aware and motivate each and every individual for environmental
consciousness.
12. Thus, individually we can play a major role in the management of environment which can only be possible
through public awareness. Mass media such as newspapers, radio and television strongly influence public
opinion. We can reduce the wastage of natural resources through proper functioning. We can act as watchdogs
that inform the government about the sources that lead to pollution and degradation of the environment.
Several Government and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) are working towards environmental
protection in our country. They have created a growing interest in environmental protection and conservation
of nature and natural resources.
13. INSTITUTIONS IN ENVIRONMENT:
1. Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), Mumbai.
2. Botanival Survey of India (BSI), Kolkata
3. Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Environment Education and research (BVIEER), Pune
4. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), New Delhi
5. Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), New Delhi
6. Centre foe Environment Education (CEE), Ahmedabad
7. Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), New Delhi
8. Environmental Information System (ENVIS)
9. World Wide Fund for Nature-India (WWF-I), New Delhi.
10. Wildlife Institute of India(WII), Dehradun
11. Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata
12. Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology And Natural History ( SACON), Coimbatore.
14. PEOPLE IN ENVIRONMENT:
1. Salim Ali : Our country’s leading conservation scientist and influenced environmental policies
in our country for over 50 years. He wrote several great books including the famous
Book of Indian Birds. His autobiography, Fall of a Sparrow should be read by every
nature enthusiast.
2. Indira Gandhi: She played a significant role in the preservation of India’s wildlife. During her
tenure, India gained a name for itself by being a player in the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species (CITIES) and other International
Environmental Treaties and Accords.
3. Medha Patkar: She is known as one of the rural India’s champions. She supported the cause of the
down-trodden tribal people whose environment has been affected by dams on the
Narmada River. She has been a central organizer and strategist for Narmada Bachao
Andolan (NBA), a people’s movement organised to stop the construction of a series
of dams planned for India’s largest westward flowing river, the Narmada.
15. Sunderlal Bahuguna:
He was the noted Garhwali, Uttarakhand environmentalist and Chipko movement leader. The idea of
Chipko movement was of his wife Vimla Bahuguna and the action was taken by him where the effort
was to save areas of trees and forests from cutting by forest contractors. He coined the Chipko slogan “
Ecology is permanent economy” and is one of his contribution to the cause and to the
environmentalism in general. He was awarded Padma Vibhushan Award by Government of India for
environment conservation and Right Livelihood Award for Chipko Movement.
MC Mehta:
He is India’s most famous environmental lawyer. Since 1984, he has filed several public interest
letigations supporting the cause of environmental conservation. His most famous and long drawn
battles supported by Supreme court include protecting Taj Mahal, Cleaning up Ganga River, banning
intensive farming of shrimps on the coast urging the government to implement environmental
education in schools and colleges and a variety of other conservation issues.
16. “We won’t have a society if we destroy the environment”
Thank You
Possible question from this unit 1:
1. Define Environmental studies. What are the scope and importance of environmental
studies?
2. Write the scope and importance of Environmental studies. Explain man and
environment relationship.
3. Explain the impact of technology on environment?
4. Name one well known environmental thinker who inspire you and explain why?
5. Name and describe the activities of any environmental institutions that you are aware
of?
