The document summarizes key aspects of the human circulatory system. It describes how the circulatory system transports nutrients, oxygen, hormones and other substances around the body using the heart, blood vessels and blood. It provides details on the structure and function of the heart, kidneys and capillaries. It also explains aerobic and anaerobic respiration as well as the process of breathing in and out.

1. SCIENCE PROJECT
By – Pratyush Singh
Of Class “7-B”

2. TRANSPORTATION IN HUMANS

3. 1) Circulatory system:-
In human beings digested food, water and oxygen are
transported to all parts of the body. Waste products are al
so transported form all parts of the body to be removed fr
om the body.
The transport of substances in the body is done by the c
irculatory system. The circulatory system, also called the car
diovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ syste
m that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrient(such
as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide,
hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body t
o provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, st
abilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis. The s
tudy of the blood flow is called hemodynamic. The study of
the properties of the blood flow is called hemorheology.
eart, blood vessels and blood.

4. About the heart-
The heart weighs between 7 and 15 ounces (200 to 425 grams) and is a
little larger than the size of your fist. By the end of a long life, a person's
heart may have beat (expanded and contracted) more than 3.5 billion
times. In fact, each day, the average heart beats 100,000 times, pumping
about 2,000 gallons (7,571 litres) of blood.
Heart has 4 chambers. The upper
chambers are called the left and right
atria, and the lower chambers are
called the left and right ventricles. A
wall of muscle called the septum
separates the left and right atria and
the left and right ventricles. The left
ventricle is the largest and strongest
chamber in your heart. The left
ventricle's chamber walls are only
about a half-inch thick, but they have
enough force to push blood through
the aortic valve and into your body

5. About the kidney -
Your kidneys are bean-shaped organs, each about the size of your fist.
They are located near the middle of your back, just below the rib cage.
Kidneys filter water products and extra water from your blood and
produce urine as a result. Urine flows to your bladder through tubes
called ureters. Bladder stores the urine which will pass through the
urethra in the process of urination

6. About the capillaries:-
Capillaries are the smallest of a body's blood vessels and
lymph vessels that make up the microcirculation. Their
endothelial linings are only one cell layer thick. These
micro vessels, measuring around 5 to 10 micrometres in
diameter, connect arterioles and venules, and they help
to enable the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
and many other nutrients and waste substances between
the blood and the tissues surrounding them. Lymph
capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain
lymph collected in the
microcirculation.

7. Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration
• It is the process of
breakdown of food in the
presence of oxygen.
• It is the process of breakdown
of food in the absence of
oxygen.
• Its end products are
CO2 and H2O.
• End products of anaerobic
respiration can be lactic acid or
CO2 and alcohol.
• It takes longer time to release
energy.
• It is a fast process as compared
to aerobic respiration.
• It produces large amount of
energy.
• It produces small amount of
energy as compared to aerobic
respiration.
• Examples: It occurs in most
plants and animals.
• Examples: Yeast, bacteria,
human muscle cells, etc. respire
an aerobically.
. About Aerobic and Anaerobic .

8. What happen when we breathe
in or out:-
We breathe air in, the diaphragm of our
body goes down and our chest cavity
blows up this happens when we breathe in
When we breathe out , the chest cavity
deflates and our diaphragm goes up.

9. THANK YOU