The document summarizes different types of circulatory systems. It describes open circulation systems which use hemolymph and have low blood pressure. Close circulation systems circulate blood only inside vessels, giving them higher pressure. Some organisms have a double circulation with separate pulmonary and systemic circuits, like mammals with four-chambered hearts. The summary concludes by listing different circulatory types found in insects, fish, amphibians and humans.

1. ABRAHAM MASLOW SCHOOL
BIOLOGY
BY: SALOME CONTRERAS,CARLOS ANDRES
DIAZ AND ISABELLA DUQUE
SEVENTH GRADE
2019

2. WHAT IS CIRCULATION ?
 Is the continuous movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels,
which is mostly maintained by the action of the heart, and by which nutrients,
oxygen, and internal secretions are carried to and wastes are carried from the
body tissues.
 All the living things required nutrients and other substances to perform
metabolism process, that will also produces waste products that must be
expeled from the body, the process, incharge to transport nutrients and waste
products is the circulation process.

3. CIRCULATION…
In unicelular living things circulation process ocurrs mainly by cell membrane
through out passive and active transport process.
PASSIVE: Do not require energy ( ATP)
OSMOSIS
DIFUSSION
DIFUSSION MEDIATED BY PROTEINS
ACTIVE: Do require energy ( ATP)
PUMPS
TRANSPORT MEDIATED BY VESSICLES
IMPORTANT: vessicles are… organelle made of cell membrane that carries
substances.

4. OPEN CIRCULATION PROCESS
• An open circulatory system is one in which blood does not circulate only
inside blood vessels but also flows into cavities that irrigate tissues. In open
circulatory systems, blood pressure is low and generally the blood (called
hemolymph) has a low level of cellularity. When the heart muscle relaxes,
blood is extract from the cavity back into the heart through valved openings.
• Arthropods, mollusks (cephalopods are exception) and protochordates have
open circulatory systems.

5. EXAMPLE
 The open circulatory system of the grasshopper – made up of a heart,
vessels and hemolymph. The hemolymph is pumped through the heart,
into the aorta, dispersed into the head and throughout the hemocoel,
then back through the ostia in the heart and the process repeated.
(which carry out gas exchange separately from circulation)

6. CLOSE CIRCULATION PROCESS
 A closed circulatory system is one in which blood circulates only inside
blood vessels. For this reason, the blood pressure is higher in animals
with closed circulatory systems. The cellularity of the blood is also
higher, with many specific blood cells.
 Closed circulatory systems are a feature of annelids, cephalopod
mollusks and vertebrates.

7. EXAMPLE
 Fish possess one of the simplest types of true heart. A fish's heart is a two-
chambered organ composed of one atrium and one ventricle. The heart has
muscular walls and a valve between its chambers. Blood is pumped from the
heart to the gills, where it receives oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide.
Blood then moves on to the organs of the body, where nutrients, gasses, and
wastes are exchanged.

8. Advantages of a closed circulatory
system over an open circulatory system
 A closed circulatory system is more efficient. Since blood circulates
only inside blood vessels, it has a higher pressure and, can travel
greater distances to the organs where hematosis happens and to
peripheral tissues.
 The higher circulatory speed increases the animal’s capacity to
distribute large supplies of oxygen to tissues that consume it in large
amounts, such as muscle tissues, which can then perform faster
movements. Animals with an open circulatory system are generally
slower and have a low metabolic rate.

11. DOBLE COMPLETE CIRCULATION PROCESS
Double circulation (double circulatory systems) are circulation systems in which blood flows
through the heart twice.
In a double circulatory system there are two circuits for blood passing through the heart:
Pulmonary Circulation
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs, oxygenated blood returns to
the heart from the lungs.
Systemic Circulation
Oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart around the body (including all the organs).
That blood returns to the heart deoxygenated (more accurately 'oxygen poor') because
much of the oxygen it contained when it left the heart has been supplied to tissues in the
body.

12. DOBLE COMPLETE CIRCULATION PROCESS
In the case of double circulation, pulmonary circulation blood flow between the
heart and lungs, is separate from systemic circulation movement of blood from the
heart through the rest of the body (excluding the lungs), then back to the heart.
 In animals that have double circulation (blood circulation) systems, the
animal's heart has more than two chambers, e.g.
FISH Single circulation Two – chambered heart
FROGS, LIZZARDS Double circulation Three – chambered
heart
MAMMALS, BIRDS Double circulation Four – chambered heart

13. CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
OPEN
INSECTS
CLOSE
SINGLE DOUBLE
FISH INCOMPLETE
( AMPHIBIANS)
COMPLETE
( HUMANS)

15. BIOGRAPHY
 https://www.dictionary.com/browse/circulation
 https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=what+is+circulation+for+kids&FORM=
HDRSC2&adlt=strict
 https://www.biology-questions-and-answers.com/the-circulatory-system.html
 https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=double+and+single+complete+and+inc
omplete+circulatory+system&FORM=HDRSC2&adlt=strict
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system#Open_circulatory_system
 https://www.thoughtco.com/circulatory-system-373576
 https://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Blood/Heart_Structure.php
 BIOLOGY NOTEBOOK
 BIOLOGY BOOK