The scalp has five layers - skin, deep connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, and periosteum. It is innervated by branches of the trigeminal nerve and cervical nerves and supplied by branches of the external carotid and ophthalmic arteries. The occipitofrontalis muscle allows movement and raising of the eyebrows. Lymph drains from the scalp to occipital, cervical, mastoid, parotid, preauricular, and submandibular lymph nodes.

1. Anatomy of SCALP
S.S Hotchandani

2. Structure
 Part of Head.
 Extend from Superciliary arches
anterior, to superior nauchal lines
posterior.
 Made of 5 Layers

4. Layers of SCALP
 Skin
 Connective Tissue (Deep)
 Apo neurosis
 Connective Tissue (Loose)
 Periosteum

6. Muscles of SCALP
 Occipitofrontalis
 Origin
• Occipital Process
– Superior Nauchal Line
• Frontal Process
– Superciliary Arches
 Insertion
• Both are Inserted in Epicranial Eponeurosis
 Nerve Supply
• Facial Nerve
 Function
• Move Scalp
• Raise Eyebrows

7. Frontal
Process
Occipital
Process

8. Innervations of SCALP
 SCALP is inerveted in two portions.
 Part of Scalp Anterior to Ear & Vertex of
Skull.
 Part of Scalp Posterior to Ear & Vertex of
Skull

9. Innervations of Part of SCALP anterior to
Ear & Vertex of Skull
 Innervated by Branches of Trigeminal
Nerve of Cranial Nerves.
 Branches
 Supratrochlear Nerve
 Supraorbital Nerve
 Zygomaticotemporal Nerve
 Auricotemporal Nerve

10. Innervation of Part of Skull Posterior to
Ear & Vertex of Skull
 Innervated by Branches from C2 & C3
of Cervical Nerves.
 Branches
 Great Aurical Nerve
 Lesser Occipital Nerve
 Greater Occipital Nerve
 3rd Occipital Nerve

12. Blood Supply of SCALP
 Arterial
 Venous

13. Arteries of SCALP
 Supplied by Branches of External
Carotid & Ophthalmic Artery (Branch
of Internal Carotid Artery)

14. SCALP Blood Supply via Branches
External Carotid Artery
 Branches
 Superficial Temporal
 Posterior Auricle
 Occipital Artery
 These Branches Supply Posterior &
Lateral Part of SCALP

15. SCALP Blood Supply via Branches of
Ophthalmic Artery
 Branches
 Supratrochlear
 Supraorbital
 These Branches supply Anterior and
Superior part of SCALP

17. Veins of SCALP
 Same route as Arteries of SCALP.
 Supratrochlear & Supraorbital join
and forms Facial Vein
 Superficial Temporal forms
Retromandibular vein
 Posterior Auricle form External Juglar
Vein
 Occipital form Internal Juglar Vein

18. Lymph Drainage of SCALP
 It also follows same pattern of Arteries
of SCALP.
 Lymph Nodes for Drainage of SCALP
 OccipitalNode
 Cervical Node
 Mastoid Node
 Parotid Node
 Pre-auricle Node
 Sub-Mandibular Node

20. SCALP Lymph Nodes with Area of
Drainage
 Occipital & Cervical Node
 Both Drain form Occipital Region of SCALP
 Mastoid Node
 Drains from Posterior to Vertex of Skull
 Parotid & Pre-Auricle Node
 Drain form Anterior to Vertex of Skull
 Sub-Mandibular Node
 Drain from Fore Head.