Agroforestry systems can deliver a multitude of benefits (market and non market) simultaneously Change processes need to empower the people most affected if they are to be sustainable We must embrace complexity and diversity
The document discusses the costs of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). It identifies four main types of costs: opportunity costs, implementation costs, transaction costs, and other hidden costs. Opportunity costs represent the value of alternative land uses forgone, such as agriculture. Implementation and transaction costs include the expenses of carrying out and monitoring REDD+ programs. Considering all costs is important for accurately assessing the financial requirements of REDD+ policies and programs.
Social Forestry & the Paris agreement: Lessons for benefit sharingCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was given at the session at COP22 titled, "Social forestry sustains local actions to advance the Paris Agreement" organized by CIFOR and the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
http://www.cifor.org/cifor-at-cop22/sessions/09-nov/social-forestry-sustains-local-actions-advance-paris-agreement/
Equity risks in a REDD+ results-based frameworkCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was given during the session at COP22 titled "Measuring and monitoring performance, and managing risks in REDD+" organized by CIFOR in partnership with EU, NORAD, DFID UKAid, and SDC.
http://www.cifor.org/cifor-at-cop22/sessions/09-nov/measuring-monitoring-performance-managing-risks-redd/
Benefit sharing from a multilevel governance perspectiveCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered by Anne M Larson, January 2016, in Brussels.
It examines the opportunity, transaction and implementation costs of REDD+ at national and subnational levels, multilevel governance and rights, and assesses perspectives of equity at different levels.
What Works and What Doesn't? Introducing CIFOR's Benefit Sharing Knowledge ToolCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
Governance, rights and the role of politics in redd+ equity discoursesCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Grace Wong, Maria Brockhaus, Lasse Loft, Pham Thu Thuy, and Anastasia Yang at the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
Understanding mukuru a planning perspectiveIDRC_ROSSA
Presentation on a planning perspective: Report on 'Increasing access to justice and services for informal settlement dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya.
5th February 2015
The document discusses the costs of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). It identifies four main types of costs: opportunity costs, implementation costs, transaction costs, and other hidden costs. Opportunity costs represent the value of alternative land uses forgone, such as agriculture. Implementation and transaction costs include the expenses of carrying out and monitoring REDD+ programs. Considering all costs is important for accurately assessing the financial requirements of REDD+ policies and programs.
Social Forestry & the Paris agreement: Lessons for benefit sharingCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was given at the session at COP22 titled, "Social forestry sustains local actions to advance the Paris Agreement" organized by CIFOR and the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
http://www.cifor.org/cifor-at-cop22/sessions/09-nov/social-forestry-sustains-local-actions-advance-paris-agreement/
Equity risks in a REDD+ results-based frameworkCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was given during the session at COP22 titled "Measuring and monitoring performance, and managing risks in REDD+" organized by CIFOR in partnership with EU, NORAD, DFID UKAid, and SDC.
http://www.cifor.org/cifor-at-cop22/sessions/09-nov/measuring-monitoring-performance-managing-risks-redd/
Benefit sharing from a multilevel governance perspectiveCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered by Anne M Larson, January 2016, in Brussels.
It examines the opportunity, transaction and implementation costs of REDD+ at national and subnational levels, multilevel governance and rights, and assesses perspectives of equity at different levels.
What Works and What Doesn't? Introducing CIFOR's Benefit Sharing Knowledge ToolCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
Governance, rights and the role of politics in redd+ equity discoursesCIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation by Grace Wong, Maria Brockhaus, Lasse Loft, Pham Thu Thuy, and Anastasia Yang at the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
Understanding mukuru a planning perspectiveIDRC_ROSSA
Presentation on a planning perspective: Report on 'Increasing access to justice and services for informal settlement dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya.
5th February 2015
Which policy, institutional and governance aspects are fostering or else hamp...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Daniella Schweizer, from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and University of Sao Paulo at the World Conference on Ecological Restoration SER 2017 in Foz do Iguassu (Brazil) on August 29, 2017.
and CIFOR)
Presented by Beth Cullen (ILRI), Mulugeta Lemineh, Zelalem Lema & Emeline Hassenforder at the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
Assessing redd+ readiness to maximize climate finance impactCIFOR-ICRAF
Originally presented by Christopher Martius at "Does money go to trees?: Assessing finance flows to maximize the impact of REDD+", an official SBSTA48 side event, presented by CIFOR, ICRAF and Wageningen University.
Walking the REDD+ line: Insights from CIFOR's REDD+ Global Comparative StudyCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Arild Angelsen, from the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), during CIFOR's side event 'REDD+: Where does it stand and what is needed now?' at UNFCCC's COP23 in Bonn, Germany, on November 9, 2017.
Looking REDD at landscape level: learning from CBNRM in NepalCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Naya Sharma Paudel and Dil Bahadur Khatri Experiences of CF talks about watershed and landscape level forest management initiatives, REDD/PES piloting at different scale and lessons & insights on institutional aspects.
New Generation Plantations in Africa, Creating Shared Value at landscape scaleCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Patrick Mugenyi, Uganda Chief Executive Officer and Head of Mission New Forests Company at the Global Landscapes Forum Nairobi 2018, on 29 August in Nairobi, Kenya
Public Private Partnership in Affordable HousingJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is an attempt to showcase the need and methods of promoting public sector involvement in the Housing to achieve the goal of housing for all by 2022
Global REDD+ and the fight against deforestation: What can donors do?CIFOR-ICRAF
Originally presented by Asger Olesen at "Does money go to trees?: Assessing finance flows to maximize the impact of REDD+", an official SBSTA48 side event, presented by CIFOR, ICRAF and Wageningen University.
The document summarizes the experiences of innovation platforms established through the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) project in Ethiopia. The NBDC aimed to improve rural livelihoods through rainwater management. It established innovation platforms at the woreda level in three sites to identify issues, develop solutions, and implement pilot interventions through an action research fund. Key outcomes included increased fodder production, income generation from fodder sales, and expanded collaboration between stakeholders. Challenges included inconsistent participation, lack of local facilitation, and high expectations beyond available resources. Lessons indicated the importance of incentives for participation, engagement of local communities, and building capacity of local actors.
Construction Management in Developing Countries, Lecture 9, Society and construction project management, PPP, BOOT, social expectation, environmental consideration, land acquisition, and youth issues in construction project management
Equity workshop: Evolution of equity discourses in REDD+IIED
Evolution of equity/fairness discourses in REDD+.
A presentation by Maria Brockhaus and partners, CGIAR, CIFOR.
This presentation was given at the Expert Workshop on Equity, Justice and Well-being in Ecosystem Governance, held at the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) in London, March, 2015.
Assessing REDD+ Benefit Sharing for Efficiency, Effectiveness and EquityCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Grace Wong, Cecilia Luttrell, Lasse Loft, Anastasia Yang, Maria Brockhaus, Shintia Arwida, Januarti Tjajadi, Pham Thu Thuy and Samuel Assembe-Mvondo at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
The document discusses key issues related to agriculture and rural development in the context of global climate change negotiations. It provides 3 examples of projects that demonstrate opportunities for mitigation, adaptation, technology diffusion, and payments for environmental services that generate livelihood co-benefits for smallholder farmers. It concludes there is a need for clarity on definitions and follow-up processes from Copenhagen, ensuring adequate support for adaptation among rural poor populations.
This document summarizes several studies and analyses related to REDD+ programs:
- An analysis of 13 national REDD+ programs found that the 6 most successful cases had access to performance-based finance and strong national ownership. Countries without performance-based funding could still succeed if external commitment was high.
- A study of 6 countries and 23 subnational REDD+ initiatives involving 190 villages and 4,500 households found a mix of forest interventions being used, with enabling conditions and incentives being more common than disincentives.
- Another study found knowledge of and participation in REDD+ initiatives increasing among villages, women's groups, and households from 2010 to 2014.
This document discusses public-private partnerships (PPPs) for irrigation development in Africa. It describes a collaborative research project assessing PPP models in Ghana and Tanzania. PPPs are promoted as a way to reduce government costs and bring in private expertise, but little is known about their actual impacts. The document examines two case studies of PPP irrigation schemes in Tanzania, finding challenges including land tenure issues, price volatility, and differing perspectives between groups. Key challenges for PPPs identified are balancing profit and development goals and ensuring inclusion of farmers, communities, and markets.
Global Comparative Study on REDD+ - The Project and ResultsCIFOR-ICRAF
The document summarizes the objectives and structure of CIFOR's Global Comparative Study on REDD+ (GCS-REDD+). The study aims to support REDD+ policy and practice with science-based analysis and tools to help ensure REDD+ outcomes are effective, efficient, equitable, and provide co-benefits. It works in 12 countries conducting policy analysis and 6 countries with 23 REDD+ project sites analyzing impacts on 190 villages and 4,524 households. Key challenges discussed include addressing tenure issues, balancing local livelihoods and forest protection, meaningful community participation, and building technical capacity for monitoring and reference levels. International discussions are found to affect local implementation, and a "no regrets" agenda is proposed
This document discusses reference emission levels (RELs) in the context of REDD+ and land-based NAMA programs in Indonesia. It outlines that the forest transition concept can be used to categorize subnational areas in Indonesia and that different REL calculation techniques apply depending on the forest transition stage. It also notes that evaluating existing planned deforestation provides insight into feasible emissions. The document then discusses proposed REL methodologies for Indonesia, including forward-looking RELs based on development plans and driver modeling. It also provides lessons learned from Indonesia's experiences setting RELs, including the need for district-level action planning and improved guidelines, data, and monitoring.
Presented by Peter Akong Minang, ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins/World Agroforestry Centre
at the PAN AFRICAN PARLIAMENTARY CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE, 25-27 JUNE 2009, YAOUNDÉ, CAMEROON
4C learning solutions pvt. ltd. - Company ProfileNetscribes, Inc.
The document provides information about 4C-Learning Solutions Pvt. Ltd., an eLearning services provider in India. It offers customized courses for students and professionals in areas such as K-12, corporations, NGOs, and organizations worldwide. The company has offices and learning centers across India. It employs a business model that partners with organizations to provide eLearning services such as course development, delivery, and support. Key people at 4C-Learning include Mr. X as Managing Director and Mrs. Y as Director. The SWOT analysis identifies strengths such as Strength 1 and weaknesses like Weakness 1. The financial profile and ratio analysis give an overview of the company's financial performance.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at : info@netscribes.com
Shree Eduserve Private Limited is engaged in providing spoken English courses, computer courses, customized corporate training and coaching courses for students from classes VI to X (CBSE & Rajasthan Board) in India. The company runs a successful chain of around 60 study centres in India.
The report begins with the basic facts about the company such as contact details, revenues, competitors, brief history, line of business and geographic reach among others. Business model of the company describes the rationale of how it creates, delivers, and captures value through its services offered. Information about the company’s management side is also provided that details their names, designation, professional experiences, etc. Through SWOT analysis, the report highlights key internal factors that give the company advantage or disadvantage over its peers alongwith key external factors prevailing in the industry that may have favorable or unfavorable impact on the company’s operations. The report also covers the financial analysis of the company including the balance sheet, profit and loss a/c and the key ratios depicting the key financial figures for fiscal year 2009-10.
Industry Analysis provides top level understanding of the education sector in India with emphasis on Vocational Training Segment. Market size, growth, key segments, growth drivers and trends are some of the foremost points covered in the analysis. The competitive landscape identifies key players of the industry drawing comparisons on parameters such as number of centres, geographic reach, service offerings etc. The company is benchmarked against its main competitors’ key financial ratios in the competitive benchmarking chapter.
Which policy, institutional and governance aspects are fostering or else hamp...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Daniella Schweizer, from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and University of Sao Paulo at the World Conference on Ecological Restoration SER 2017 in Foz do Iguassu (Brazil) on August 29, 2017.
and CIFOR)
Presented by Beth Cullen (ILRI), Mulugeta Lemineh, Zelalem Lema & Emeline Hassenforder at the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) Science Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 9–10 July 2013
Assessing redd+ readiness to maximize climate finance impactCIFOR-ICRAF
Originally presented by Christopher Martius at "Does money go to trees?: Assessing finance flows to maximize the impact of REDD+", an official SBSTA48 side event, presented by CIFOR, ICRAF and Wageningen University.
Walking the REDD+ line: Insights from CIFOR's REDD+ Global Comparative StudyCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Arild Angelsen, from the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), during CIFOR's side event 'REDD+: Where does it stand and what is needed now?' at UNFCCC's COP23 in Bonn, Germany, on November 9, 2017.
Looking REDD at landscape level: learning from CBNRM in NepalCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Naya Sharma Paudel and Dil Bahadur Khatri Experiences of CF talks about watershed and landscape level forest management initiatives, REDD/PES piloting at different scale and lessons & insights on institutional aspects.
New Generation Plantations in Africa, Creating Shared Value at landscape scaleCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Patrick Mugenyi, Uganda Chief Executive Officer and Head of Mission New Forests Company at the Global Landscapes Forum Nairobi 2018, on 29 August in Nairobi, Kenya
Public Private Partnership in Affordable HousingJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is an attempt to showcase the need and methods of promoting public sector involvement in the Housing to achieve the goal of housing for all by 2022
Global REDD+ and the fight against deforestation: What can donors do?CIFOR-ICRAF
Originally presented by Asger Olesen at "Does money go to trees?: Assessing finance flows to maximize the impact of REDD+", an official SBSTA48 side event, presented by CIFOR, ICRAF and Wageningen University.
The document summarizes the experiences of innovation platforms established through the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) project in Ethiopia. The NBDC aimed to improve rural livelihoods through rainwater management. It established innovation platforms at the woreda level in three sites to identify issues, develop solutions, and implement pilot interventions through an action research fund. Key outcomes included increased fodder production, income generation from fodder sales, and expanded collaboration between stakeholders. Challenges included inconsistent participation, lack of local facilitation, and high expectations beyond available resources. Lessons indicated the importance of incentives for participation, engagement of local communities, and building capacity of local actors.
Construction Management in Developing Countries, Lecture 9, Society and construction project management, PPP, BOOT, social expectation, environmental consideration, land acquisition, and youth issues in construction project management
Equity workshop: Evolution of equity discourses in REDD+IIED
Evolution of equity/fairness discourses in REDD+.
A presentation by Maria Brockhaus and partners, CGIAR, CIFOR.
This presentation was given at the Expert Workshop on Equity, Justice and Well-being in Ecosystem Governance, held at the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) in London, March, 2015.
Assessing REDD+ Benefit Sharing for Efficiency, Effectiveness and EquityCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Grace Wong, Cecilia Luttrell, Lasse Loft, Anastasia Yang, Maria Brockhaus, Shintia Arwida, Januarti Tjajadi, Pham Thu Thuy and Samuel Assembe-Mvondo at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
The document discusses key issues related to agriculture and rural development in the context of global climate change negotiations. It provides 3 examples of projects that demonstrate opportunities for mitigation, adaptation, technology diffusion, and payments for environmental services that generate livelihood co-benefits for smallholder farmers. It concludes there is a need for clarity on definitions and follow-up processes from Copenhagen, ensuring adequate support for adaptation among rural poor populations.
This document summarizes several studies and analyses related to REDD+ programs:
- An analysis of 13 national REDD+ programs found that the 6 most successful cases had access to performance-based finance and strong national ownership. Countries without performance-based funding could still succeed if external commitment was high.
- A study of 6 countries and 23 subnational REDD+ initiatives involving 190 villages and 4,500 households found a mix of forest interventions being used, with enabling conditions and incentives being more common than disincentives.
- Another study found knowledge of and participation in REDD+ initiatives increasing among villages, women's groups, and households from 2010 to 2014.
This document discusses public-private partnerships (PPPs) for irrigation development in Africa. It describes a collaborative research project assessing PPP models in Ghana and Tanzania. PPPs are promoted as a way to reduce government costs and bring in private expertise, but little is known about their actual impacts. The document examines two case studies of PPP irrigation schemes in Tanzania, finding challenges including land tenure issues, price volatility, and differing perspectives between groups. Key challenges for PPPs identified are balancing profit and development goals and ensuring inclusion of farmers, communities, and markets.
Global Comparative Study on REDD+ - The Project and ResultsCIFOR-ICRAF
The document summarizes the objectives and structure of CIFOR's Global Comparative Study on REDD+ (GCS-REDD+). The study aims to support REDD+ policy and practice with science-based analysis and tools to help ensure REDD+ outcomes are effective, efficient, equitable, and provide co-benefits. It works in 12 countries conducting policy analysis and 6 countries with 23 REDD+ project sites analyzing impacts on 190 villages and 4,524 households. Key challenges discussed include addressing tenure issues, balancing local livelihoods and forest protection, meaningful community participation, and building technical capacity for monitoring and reference levels. International discussions are found to affect local implementation, and a "no regrets" agenda is proposed
This document discusses reference emission levels (RELs) in the context of REDD+ and land-based NAMA programs in Indonesia. It outlines that the forest transition concept can be used to categorize subnational areas in Indonesia and that different REL calculation techniques apply depending on the forest transition stage. It also notes that evaluating existing planned deforestation provides insight into feasible emissions. The document then discusses proposed REL methodologies for Indonesia, including forward-looking RELs based on development plans and driver modeling. It also provides lessons learned from Indonesia's experiences setting RELs, including the need for district-level action planning and improved guidelines, data, and monitoring.
Presented by Peter Akong Minang, ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins/World Agroforestry Centre
at the PAN AFRICAN PARLIAMENTARY CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE, 25-27 JUNE 2009, YAOUNDÉ, CAMEROON
4C learning solutions pvt. ltd. - Company ProfileNetscribes, Inc.
The document provides information about 4C-Learning Solutions Pvt. Ltd., an eLearning services provider in India. It offers customized courses for students and professionals in areas such as K-12, corporations, NGOs, and organizations worldwide. The company has offices and learning centers across India. It employs a business model that partners with organizations to provide eLearning services such as course development, delivery, and support. Key people at 4C-Learning include Mr. X as Managing Director and Mrs. Y as Director. The SWOT analysis identifies strengths such as Strength 1 and weaknesses like Weakness 1. The financial profile and ratio analysis give an overview of the company's financial performance.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at : info@netscribes.com
Shree Eduserve Private Limited is engaged in providing spoken English courses, computer courses, customized corporate training and coaching courses for students from classes VI to X (CBSE & Rajasthan Board) in India. The company runs a successful chain of around 60 study centres in India.
The report begins with the basic facts about the company such as contact details, revenues, competitors, brief history, line of business and geographic reach among others. Business model of the company describes the rationale of how it creates, delivers, and captures value through its services offered. Information about the company’s management side is also provided that details their names, designation, professional experiences, etc. Through SWOT analysis, the report highlights key internal factors that give the company advantage or disadvantage over its peers alongwith key external factors prevailing in the industry that may have favorable or unfavorable impact on the company’s operations. The report also covers the financial analysis of the company including the balance sheet, profit and loss a/c and the key ratios depicting the key financial figures for fiscal year 2009-10.
Industry Analysis provides top level understanding of the education sector in India with emphasis on Vocational Training Segment. Market size, growth, key segments, growth drivers and trends are some of the foremost points covered in the analysis. The competitive landscape identifies key players of the industry drawing comparisons on parameters such as number of centres, geographic reach, service offerings etc. The company is benchmarked against its main competitors’ key financial ratios in the competitive benchmarking chapter.
Enhance Systems Pvt. Ltd. offers e-learning courses to students and professionals following instructional design theories A and B. It provides services in the domains of C, D and E and has strengths in Strength 1 but weaknesses in Weakness 1. The company generated total revenues of INR A mn in fiscal year 20-- registering a year-over-year increase of x percent.
The document discusses TED and TEDx events. It provides information on the history and evolution of TED, how it became a nonprofit that shares talks online for free. It also describes TEDx events which are locally organized to share ideas in communities. The document then focuses on TEDxKhartoum, an upcoming event in Sudan, and calls for speaker suggestions, volunteers, and ways to build the local TEDx community.
Drivers depend on location, time and context; Policy responses need to use the right mix of carrots, sticks & sermons; Ultimately, enlightened self-interest (caring) will have to be the primary reason to keep/promote forests & trees; In the short run a combination of sparing & sharing is needed to achieve sustainable development goals
How do landscape initiatives find the financial support they need to get started, maintain operations, and improve outcomes? Who is investing in landscape management now, and what are the barriers to increased investment in the future? This presentation presents the findings of a major research project we undertook to determine the answers to these main questions.
By Seth Shames, Margot Hill Clarvis and Gabrielle Kissinger
This document discusses how to integrate economic and financial analysis into funding proposals for the Green Climate Fund (GCF). It outlines the key differences between financial analysis, which looks at cash flows and revenues/expenditures from the perspective of a single party, and economic analysis, which compares monetary and non-monetary costs and benefits from a societal perspective. The document provides examples of how GCF currently uses economic and financial analysis and recommends basic steps to conduct analyses for agriculture and food security projects.
This document summarizes discussions from a workshop on equitable and fair conservation at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda. Key points addressed include:
- Research found that feelings of unfair distribution of costs and benefits of conservation, such as lack of support for crop raiding, were major drivers of unauthorized resource use, alongside poverty.
- Stakeholders discussed the importance of equitable sharing of conservation costs and benefits for community support of conservation. They proposed ideas to strengthen revenue sharing policies and guidelines to better target those most affected by conservation.
- Guidance was proposed to help conservation practitioners adopt more equitable and targeted approaches to integrated conservation and development based on the workshop discussions and research findings. Feedback was requested on how to make
Khankeo oupravanh s3_foreign direct investment - copymrlgregion
This document provides an overview and updates from a land management and planning project in Laos. It discusses the following key points:
- The project recognizes the challenges of large-scale land acquisitions but also the opportunities they can provide if done transparently and with local community participation.
- Recommendations for improving land management include establishing transparency, strengthening civil society monitoring, reviewing laws, and maintaining stakeholder dialogue.
- An analytical framework was developed with international organizations to provide guidance for responsible large-scale investments.
- The project aims to improve access to land for poverty reduction by strengthening land rights and encouraging responsible private agricultural investment.
- In Laos, the project is working to better monitor
Presentation on Future policy for rural areas made at the 2ème Rencontre d’Automne des Nouvelles Ruralités on 26 October 2017, Valence, France
More information: http://www.oecd.org/cfe/regional-policy/
A global comparative review of REDD+ benefit sharing mechanismsCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Moira Moeliono, from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), at the Knowledge Sharing Event "Sharing Insights Across REDD+ Countries" in Georgetown, Guyana, on June 6, 2017.
Community carbon trading: does the market pay and what is in it for intermedi...IIED
The presentation of Kathleen Edie, of Plan Vivo, to the IIED-hosted Moving ahead with Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) workshop on 9-10 April 2014.
The presentation, made in the third session on experiences from the ground and REDD+ financing, focused on community carbon trading, and examined what the market would pay and what intermediaries (sellers) and buyers could gain from REDD+.
More information on Plan Vivo's work: http://www.planvivo.org/.
Further details of the workshop and IIED's work on REDD+ are available via http://www.iied.org/coverage-moving-ahead-redd-prospects-challenges-workshop.
Session 2 - Presentation by Jan-Willem Van De Ven, EBRDOECD Environment
This document discusses Green Economy Financing Facilities (GEFFs) provided by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The EBRD provides credit lines to partner financial institutions to on-lend for local green projects, along with technical assistance. The goal is to transition markets to a green economy by promoting higher performance technologies. Key aspects of GEFFs include eligibility criteria, technical support, and overcoming barriers to the adoption of green technologies. The EBRD has over 10 years of experience implementing over 120 GEFF programs that have financed over €4 billion in projects reducing CO2 emissions.
This document summarizes biodiversity offsetting in the UK and discusses policy mechanisms to internalize environmental externalities. It notes that biodiversity loss in England is significant, with many species becoming extinct. The 2011 Natural Environment White Paper included biodiversity offsetting as a policy initiative. The UK Ecosystem Markets Task Force studied opportunities for expanding nature markets, including through biodiversity offsetting, which could generate £90-470 million annually and protect 1100-3400 square km of new habitat over 20 years. The document outlines how offsetting would work through the planning process, using standardized metrics to ensure no net loss of biodiversity from development impacts.
Engaging Private Sector for Financing the National Adaptation Plan | Vidya So...NAP Global Network
Presentation by Vidya Soundarajan, Head of Action on Climate Today's India Programme, for a Targeted Topics Forum on financing National Adaptation Plan (NAP) processes. This event was held in Mexico City in June 2017.
This document summarizes an innovation platform (IP) established in Ghana and Burkina Faso to support value chain development for crops and livestock. The IP brought together value chain actors to identify and prioritize constraints, develop strategies to address them through action research, and build member capacity. Key outputs included analysis of value chains and water management strategies, as well as targeted recommendations. The IP facilitated communication between actors and stakeholders. Challenges included time spent, funding, capacity, and translating decisions into outcomes. Moving forward, a learning alliance and strategies to address capacity limitations and manage expectations are needed to ensure sustainability.
Training of Trainers Workshop to Enhance Pro-poor Policy Formulation and Impl...FAO
This document summarizes the proceedings of a 5-day training workshop on enhancing pro-poor policy formulation and implementation at the country level. The workshop included presentations from various countries on their national pro-poor policies and approaches. Participants also discussed topics such as social protection programs, risk management strategies for smallholder farmers, value chain analysis, and public-private partnerships. The goal was to provide guidance to participants on conducting policy studies and developing roadmaps to strengthen pro-poor agricultural policies in their home countries.
Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains: Innovations, Scaling, and Way ForwardIFPRI-PIM
In the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), market and related aspects have been mostly addressed by PIM Flagship 3: Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains. The team has been focusing on the evolving international, regional, and local contexts for agricultural markets, and investigating how value chains (VC) can be strengthened to generate more benefits for smallholders and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with differentiated opportunities for women, men, and youth. In this webinar on 22 November 2021, the team presented key findings from the Flagship’s work in 2017-2021 in three areas: 1) value chain innovations, 2) use of value chains for scaling CGIAR solutions, and 3) interactions between research and practice for value chain development.
For more information about this webinar and to access the full recording, visit https://bit.ly/3c6siV5.
Climate Readiness in Smallholder Agricultural Systems:Lessons learned from REDD+
Presentation by Monika Zurek at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4
Presented by Lini Wollenberg, CCAFS Low Emissions Development, at the GIZ expert meeting on How to realize the potential of soil carbon benefits? Practical pathways for achieving impact on 28 April 2020.
This document discusses partnerships between aid and the private sector for sustainable development. It begins by outlining the interest donors have in engaging with the private sector and criticisms of public-private partnerships. It then examines case studies of partnerships that achieved both developmental and commercial success. Key partnership principles that led to sustainable development outcomes are identified from the cases. The document proposes piloting partnerships and establishing a platform at the OECD to provide policy guidance, encourage pilots, and build evidence and transparency around partnerships between aid and the private sector.
Similar to Sbsta 38 side event on non market based approaches final (nx power lite) (20)
To achieve the goal of restoration/ rehabilitation in landscapes, it is crucial to articulate:
What we want to achieve, what processes are in it, what resources are required.
How we want to do it
Who should be engaged
Why we do it
Four Key Steps for Mainstreaming Climate Change Mitigation into Local Development Plan: Identification of Programs (Tagging); Analysis of historical and Future Emission – Mapping emission risk & priority locations; Gap Analysis for Program Enhancement, and establish synchronization & Synergy of Programs within and across sectors; Setting mechanisms for coordination on programs synergy, synchronization and integration and MRV
“SIGN SMART” is web basis software for supporting national and sub-national GHG inventory activity
SIGN: Sistem Informasi GRK Nasional (National GHG Information System)
SMART: Simple, Measurable, Accurate, Reliable, Transparent
SIGN SMART was developed by SIGN center of the MoEF in 2014
Climate change mitigation action planning and implementation cannot be carried on by local government only. Involvement of local stakeholders, most importantly local community is necessary to ensure the action can be embraced and implemented by all stakeholders;
Climate change issue cannot be addresses in isolation and without integration to development, local livelihoods and other environment issues such as water and biodiversity;
- Indonesia's INDC focuses on reducing emissions from the land-based sector, which currently accounts for the largest share of emissions. Under its conditional targets, land-based sector reductions would contribute 545-666 million tons of reduced emissions by 2030.
- Emissions from the energy sector are projected to increase significantly as the economy grows, becoming the largest source by 2030 unless ambitious policies are implemented. Energy sector reductions under Indonesia's conditional targets would be 253-472 million tons by 2030.
- Peatland and forest fires are difficult to predict but contribute substantially to emissions. Indonesia's INDC includes calculated baselines and scenarios for reducing emissions from peat fires.
REDD+ - Way forward for Indonesia
Showing leadership in nested approaches to REDD+- RAD-RNK and RAD-RNK. Provincial Strategy and Planning on REDD+ Implementation (Strategi dan Rencana Aksi Propinsi –SRAP).
Bringing in more peatland areas through HKM (Village forest) mechanisms would help more high value forest areas come under protected areas and generate local emission reduction and multiple benefits.
Improving cross-sectoral actions to Readiness speed and effectiveness (would help break path dependency)
For policies and regulations to be effectively implemented especially within multiple levels of government, communication strategy, awareness raising, capacity strengthening programs have to be designed with respecting local wisdoms, contexts and aspirations and in alignment with local visions and missions.
This document summarizes the science conducted by young scientists at the ASB Partnership. It discusses (1) the types of science conducted, including science that produces tools for users, links with local people, links with partners, and challenges current knowledge; (2) inspiring aspects like multi-country collaboration and comparative studies; (3) some reflections on emphasizing biophysical research and enhancing private sector partnerships; and (4) coordination challenges. The science covers topics like REDD+ readiness, synergies between climate change mitigation and adaptation, and impacts across landscapes.
1. The first theory of change that providing new scientific evidence and improved practices would trigger decrease in deforestation was far too simplistic/naive about how science can influence the rest of the world
2. Interdisciplinary and multi-institutional approaches developed (e.g., ASB matrix) produced relevant and useful results that uni-disciplinary and uni-institutional approaches could not have produced
3. Governance and management structure need to be aligned with science implemented (inclusive, transparent, accountable)
4. To generate new knowledge, IPGs, it is essential to have baseline/benchmark in multiple sites, understanding of processes at play in environment and at spatial-temporal scales before scaling up
5. Flexibility, willingness to learn from mistakes, asking existential questions, re-inventing program are essential to evolve realistic Theories of Change overtime
In the Amazon Basin, Brazil and in the Congo Basin, Cameroon swiddens systems is an acceptable use of the land when conditions are stable, but the systems become degraded with shorter fallow periods and forest encroachment due to pressures such as high population
o In Indonesia, a case study showed that auctions can be used in payment for ecosystem services as an efficient alternative to identify opportunity cost but does not guarantee compliance. Factors for successful implementation include access to information by farmers, identify constraints to compliance, balance between sanctions and incentives
o Spatially explicit data from various contexts in Indonesia shows that a very specific understanding of drivers of deforestation and recovery of tree cover is needed as they vary from context to context. Specific leverage points can be identified by understanding this interconnectedness and variation amongst the drivers
Prevailing Theories of Change(ToC) on ASB Partnership timeline:
ToC -1: Shifting cultivation is a major driver of deforestation, modernizing agriculture saves forests.- before 1993. Intensifying agriculture to obtain higher yields per ha reduces land pressure on forest & deforestation (‘Borlaug hypothesis’) 1993-1995
ToC 2A: Tradeoffs between private and public benefits of land use can be quantified; knowing opportunity costs of environmental services frames policy;
ToC 2B: Landscape mosaics (varying on segregated versus integrated axis) shape multi-scale outcomes; require Negotiation Support for change
ToC 2C: Landscape mosaics require fair + efficient reward mechanisms and/or coinvestment in ES
TOC 3A: Landscape-scale coinvestment in ES supports Reducing Emissions from All Land Uses (REALU as REDD++ alternative)
ToC 3B: Multi-scale, multi-paradigm combi-nation of national com-modification and local coinvestment for land-based NAMA’s/LAAMA’s
ToC 3C:
Idem for Sustainable Development Goals;
This document discusses synergies between climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts at the landscape level. It outlines how current approaches treat mitigation and adaptation separately, which can be inefficient and ineffective. Pursuing synergies between the two can increase effectiveness, minimize costs, and reduce risks. At the landscape scale, many land management practices like agroforestry can provide both mitigation and adaptation benefits. A case study from Tanzania demonstrates how various practices working together at the landscape level improved livelihoods while enhancing carbon storage and ecosystem services. Key factors for success included supportive policies, long-term funding commitments, and blending local and scientific knowledge.
After major reductions, field-based enforcement still exerts significant and sizeable negative effects on deforestation at the local scale; Reason may not be the fine itself, but the host of economic implications that arise from having received one (embargo, etc.); Signs of “avoidance behavior”, i.e. small-scale deforestation increasing in response to enforcement that targets large-scale deforestation less pronounced than suggested by previous analyses; Average operational costs per fine are at about R$4650 and thus probably still lower than the environmental benefit of avoided deforestation measured at carbon offset price values
More from ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins (20)
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframePrecisely
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Sbsta 38 side event on non market based approaches final (nx power lite)
1. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Can PES secure livelihoods and
ecosystems?
Ravi Prabhu
World Agroforestry Centre
(ICRAF)
Based on material provided by ICRAF’s ASB,
landscape and PES teams
2. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Key points
Payments can work, co-investment often works
better
Markets are part of the solution, not the whole
solution
Put local communities squarely in the centre of
all initiatives
Solutions need to be sensitive to nested scales –
from plot through landscape to continent
Considering the whole system is the only
guarantee
3. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Change is rapid and pervasive
4. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Soil Organic Carbon in the Mau Forest of Kenya
5. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Soil Organic Carbon in the Mau Forest of Kenya
6. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Agrarian dynamics: stages & trajectories
7. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Agriculture and other uses have to be
seen as part of a Landscape
Practices and
activities will be
part of landscapes
and compete
against other land
uses. Hence trade-
offs and synergies
need to be
understood.
8. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Mosaic Landscapes in Indonesia and Kenya:
The dominant reality
9. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
What constitutes Landscape
Approaches?
Heterogeneity (Mosaic of
Landuses)
Integration
• Synergies, trade-offs
• Multiple sectors,
participants
• CSA vs REDD vs NAMA vs …
• Multiple practices
• Mitigation and adaptation
Scale
• Appropriate Scale?
• Multiple scales (3 nested
scales)
• What problem?
Why?
For Analyzing and
Understanding REDD+
For Planning and
Implementing REDD+,
CSA and adaptation
Most experience
• Geography
• Biodiversity conservation
• Water management….
10. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Where we work:
11. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
2005:
• Introduction of strict and normative definition of PES:
• voluntary scheme
• involving at least one ES buyer and one seller
• with conditionality: only and if only the seller provides ES provision
as stated in a contractual agreement with the buyer.
• Emphasizing in effectiveness and efficiency of PES in providing ES
• Excluding the poverty alleviation issue (because it reduces the
effectiveness of the scheme)
• Monetizing ES
• Giving monetary value to ES
• Transferring some money from ES beneficiaries (which assumed
having willingness and ability to pay) to ES providers for offsetting
their full opportunity and transaction costs.
13. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Preconditions for
application of the PES
concept with strict
conditionality are not met
in many developing
countries’ contexts and a
wider PES interpretation
is needed.
Outcome based payments
can shift risk to the poor -
Sumberjaya
1
Method:
Implementing and analyzing
action research and learning
sites in Asia
Observing the implementation
of PES elsewhere
Broad paradigms of PES
14. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Only under specific
circumstances, will cash
incentives from PES
contribute substantially to
increase disposable income
and alleviate poverty of ES
providers.
2
Method:
• Analyzing downstream/upstream
proportion of area, income,
population density, transaction cost,
opportunity cost and willingness to
pay of beneficiaries
• Calculating minimum proportions for
RES value for increasing at least 5%
of upstream income
Balance of fairness and
efficiency in PES scoping and
design
15. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Indirect non-financial benefit
at community scale
contributes to reducing
poverty or a common-goods
PES design (Pascual et al.
2010)
Bakun HEP royalty benefit-
transfer to local indigenous group
Kulekhani Watershed - 12%
Government royalty collected
from Hydropower generation
channeled back to the district
3
Method:
• Organizing a series of focus
group discussions with 534
respondents in Indonesia, the
Philippines and Nepal
• Discussing with potential ES
providers the expected
payment/rewards for ES based
on five livelihood capitals
Balance of fairness and
efficiency in PES scoping and
design
16. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
A PES procurement
contract auction
increases efficiency of
PES contract allocation.
Specific elements of
procurement auction
have to be designed and
administered for fairness
of farmers with low
formal education, prone
to social conflicts and
influenced by power
structures within their
community
4
Method:
• Designing a reverse auction for
reducing sedimentation
• Calculating the value of willingness
to accept for a conservation
contract
• Testing a contract for a PES
mechanism for 1 year
Balance of fairness and
efficiency in PES scoping and
design
17. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Reducing discrepancies
and improving synergies
of ecological knowledge of
all actors in PES balance
efficiency and fairness of a
PES scheme.
5
Method:
• Applying Rapid Hydrological
Assessment of ICRAF SEA and
• Analysing its implications to PES
schemes at each site
Balance of fairness and
efficiency in PES scoping and
design
18. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Risks of PES not being pro-poor
PRICE SETTING: opportunity costs
underestimated in Willingness to Accept
auctions
LOW WILLINGNESS TO PAY
• Low private sector coverage
• High policy-driven levies and fees
• Limited legal mandate
HIGH TRANSACTION COSTS
19. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Principles of Fairness and Efficiency
Payment, Compensation or Co-investment?
• Lack of money available for conservation fund
• Paying local communities undermining social norms
• Social jealousy of non-participants – no multiplier
effects of the payment
• Lack of scientific skills, institutional capacities, data
for ES monitoring
• Is the strict definition of PES still relevant?
• A‘PES-like’ term in existence
• Should we include fairness as an additional principle to PES
efficiency?
• How to respond it positively?
Wunder (2005)
2010: case studies showing the application of strict conditionality of PES and
monetization of ES not working
20. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Pro-poor design
and benefits
Free and prior
informed consent
Efficiency Fairness
Balancing act is needed
Adapted from van Noordwijk et al (2011)
ES Provisions
and
Environmental
Goal
21. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Commoditized Environmental Services
Direct interaction ES providers &beneficiaries
Recurrent monetary payments
Co-Investment in
(landscape) Stewardship
A flexible contract with broad
sanctions
Entrust resource management to
local communities
Based on management plan high
social capital
Rewards are too small and a
broader outlook of PES
mechanisms is necessary
22. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
CES: Commoditized
Environmental
Services
Direct interaction ES
providers &beneficiaries
Recurrent monetary
payments: supply and
demand
No explicit poverty
target
Actual ES delivery &
direct marketability:
Conditionality Level I
COS: Compensating for
Opportunities Skipped
Paying for accepting
restrictions
Achievement of a
condition of (agro)-
ecosystem or effort (or
restrictions in input
use).
Poverty target added
with certain conditions
Conditionality Level II/III
CIS: Co-Investment in
(landscape)
Stewardship
Entrust the local
resource management
Full trust of
management plan
&local monitoring with
high social capital level
A flexible contract,
broad sanctions and a
monitoring requirement
Conditionality Level IV
van Noordwijk and Leimona
23. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Way forward
Minimum set of Indicators and metrics for multi-
functional landscapes (productivity and functional
eco-efficiency)
Balancing design and emergent properties in
sustainable landscapes
Enhancing Investment mechanisms for multi-
functionality (from local people through private
sector investments, PES bundling and stacking as
options, sustained government investments)
24. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Conclusions
Agroforestry systems can deliver a multitude
of benefits (market and non market)
simultaneously
Change processes need to empower the
people most affected if they are to be
sustainable
We must embrace complexity and diversity
25. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
WWW.ASB.CGIAR.ORG
Thank you!
26. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) is a
CGIAR Consortium Research Centre
Vision: rural transformation in the developing
world using trees in agric. landscapes to
improve smallholder households
Mission: Generate science-based knowledge
about the diverse roles that trees play in
agricultural landscapes, and to use its research
to advance policies and practices, and their
implementation, that benefit the poor and the
environment
27. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
About ASB
What is ASB?
• Consortium of over 50 Institutions (International, Universities and National)
created in 1994
• Research on Forest-Agriculture-Environment interactions along tropical forest
margins
Goal
• To raise productivity and income of rural households in the humid tropics
without increasing deforestation or undermining essential environmental
services.
Research Programmes
• Landscape approaches to REDD+, Reducing Emissions from All Land Use- REALU
• Synergies between Mitigation & Adaptation for Rural Transformations 2-SMART
• Swiddens in Poverty Reduction, Climate and Environmental Services- SPACES
28. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
Agroforestry
The inclusion of trees in farming systems and
their management in rural landscapes to
enhance productivity, profitability, diversity and
ecosystem sustainability.
• A dynamic, ecologically based, natural resource
management system that, through integration of
trees on farms and in the agricultural landscape,
diversifies and sustains production and builds social
institutions.
Agroforestation is the increasing use of trees on
farm and recognition of farmers in the forest and
as shapers of landscapes.
29. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
29
Security of tenure
High standards of land use, investment and
returns, and resilience
Lower standards of land use,
investment and returns, and
resilience
30. Non-Market Based Aproaches to reducing deforestation …
Side Event SBSTA #38, June 5, 2013
There are strong economic gains from
secure, (freehold) tenure ……
(Net Returns as $ per hectare per year)
Freehold
U
nadjudicated
Land Tenure
0
100
200
300
400
500
NetReturnstoLand($/ha/yr)
198.0
397.0