Mechanization in the construction industry can increase safety risks and environmental issues if not implemented carefully. Some key safety risks of mechanization include excavation cave-ins, improper blasting techniques, falls from scaffolding and ladders, and formwork or demolition accidents. Environmental issues arise from increased emissions, deforestation, water and soil pollution from construction sites, and noise pollution. Proper safety planning through hazard analysis and precautions is needed to control risks and realize the benefits of mechanization like increased efficiency and productivity.