The document provides guidelines for collecting and transporting respiratory tract specimen for various infections, including proper labeling and storage. It describes common respiratory tract infections like pneumonia, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Pneumonia is classified as lobar, bronchopneumonia, or interstitial based on anatomical location and involvement; and as typical, atypical, community-acquired, or hospital-acquired based on etiology.

1. Respiratory Tract Infections Professor Mark Pallen Dr Kamran Afzal Classified Microbiologist

8. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs)

16. Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs)

25. Microbial Pathogens Causing Pneumonia Pneumocystis carinii S. pneumoniae H. Influenzae M. tuberculosis Enteric aerobic gram-negative bacilli Staph. aureus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Oral anaerobes Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae Mycoplasma pneumoniae Chlamydia pneumoniae Legionella pneumophila Moraxella catarrhalis Staphylococcus aureus Nocardia spp. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Chlamydia psittacii Oral anaerobes Viruses Fungi Opportunistic Hospital-Acquired Community-Acquired

31. Anatomical Classification LOBAR PNEUMONIA BRONCHOPNEUMONIA INTERSTITIAL

39. Comparison Not prominent Prominent (myalgia, fatigue, N/V, diarrhea) Extra-pulmonary symptoms Purulent Scanty Sputum Productive cough Dry cough Cough Abrupt Gradual Onset S. pneumoniae , H. influenzae , K. pneumoniae , mixed aerobic and anaerobic oral flora M. pneumoniae , L. pneumophilia, C. pneumophilla, viruses, protozoa and fungi Etiology TYPICAL PNEUMONIA ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA