The document discusses root resorption, including causes, types, and management strategies. It notes that avulsions and luxation injuries are common causes of dental trauma leading to root resorption. There are various types of root resorption including internal resorption, external resorption, replacement resorption, and invasive/cervical resorption. Key cells involved in the resorption process are monocytes, macrophages, osteoclasts and odontoclasts. Current strategies for managing root resorption include calcium hydroxide, enamel matrix derivatives, topical alendronate, and calcitonin. Prevention is emphasized as better than cure, including identifying and eliminating underlying causes and promoting
The document discusses cleaning and shaping objectives, principles, and techniques in endodontics. It aims to remove canal contents, irregularities, and obstructions while maintaining the original canal anatomy and foramen size. Cleaning is achieved through instrumentation and irrigation, assessed by debris removal and smooth canal walls. Shaping provides a continuously tapering preparation from crown to apex. Working length is 1 mm from the radiographic apex. Techniques include step-back preparation from apex to crown in phases using increasingly larger instruments supplemented by irrigation and recapitulation.
This presentation is all about restoration of endodontically treated teeth, prefabricated post and core, cast post and core, direct and indirect technique.
Veneers are a conservative treatment to improve the appearance of teeth. They involve bonding thin facings of tooth-colored material to the front of teeth. Veneers can be made of composite resin, porcelain, or other ceramic materials. They are either bonded directly during a single appointment or indirectly with impressions taken and veneers fabricated by a dental laboratory over two appointments. Veneers can repair damage, close gaps, change the shape or length of teeth, or improve discoloration while minimizing the removal of tooth structure. The choice of material and technique depends on the specific needs and preferences of the patient.
The document discusses various techniques for cleaning and shaping the root canal system during endodontic treatment. It describes the objectives and basic principles of root canal preparation, including removing debris and maintaining the original shape of the canal. Several techniques are summarized, such as step-back, crown-down, balanced force, and ultrasonic instrumentation. For each technique, the document outlines the steps and discusses advantages and disadvantages.
The endo-crown is a conservative restoration for endodontically treated teeth that have lost significant coronal structure. It involves preparing the tooth with a 2mm occlusal reduction and cylindrical cavity into the pulp chamber. The endo-crown is then bonded into the cavity as a single ceramic piece, providing strength while preserving tooth structure compared to traditional crowns. Studies have shown endo-crowns distribute stresses similarly to natural teeth and provide effective, long-lasting restorations for molars with extensive decay or fractures.
This document provides an overview of endodontics. It defines endodontics as the branch of dentistry concerned with the morphology, physiology, and pathology of the dental pulp and periradicular tissues. The scope of endodontics includes treating diseases of the pulp, such as pulpal inflammation and infection, through both nonsurgical and surgical root canal treatment and periradicular surgery. Pathogenesis is discussed, noting that while physical and chemical factors can induce inflammation, microbial infection is essential for progression of pulpal and periradicular disease. Routes of canal infection and the focal infection theory are also summarized.
The document discusses cleaning and shaping objectives, principles, and techniques in endodontics. It aims to remove canal contents, irregularities, and obstructions while maintaining the original canal anatomy and foramen size. Cleaning is achieved through instrumentation and irrigation, assessed by debris removal and smooth canal walls. Shaping provides a continuously tapering preparation from crown to apex. Working length is 1 mm from the radiographic apex. Techniques include step-back preparation from apex to crown in phases using increasingly larger instruments supplemented by irrigation and recapitulation.
This presentation is all about restoration of endodontically treated teeth, prefabricated post and core, cast post and core, direct and indirect technique.
Veneers are a conservative treatment to improve the appearance of teeth. They involve bonding thin facings of tooth-colored material to the front of teeth. Veneers can be made of composite resin, porcelain, or other ceramic materials. They are either bonded directly during a single appointment or indirectly with impressions taken and veneers fabricated by a dental laboratory over two appointments. Veneers can repair damage, close gaps, change the shape or length of teeth, or improve discoloration while minimizing the removal of tooth structure. The choice of material and technique depends on the specific needs and preferences of the patient.
The document discusses various techniques for cleaning and shaping the root canal system during endodontic treatment. It describes the objectives and basic principles of root canal preparation, including removing debris and maintaining the original shape of the canal. Several techniques are summarized, such as step-back, crown-down, balanced force, and ultrasonic instrumentation. For each technique, the document outlines the steps and discusses advantages and disadvantages.
The endo-crown is a conservative restoration for endodontically treated teeth that have lost significant coronal structure. It involves preparing the tooth with a 2mm occlusal reduction and cylindrical cavity into the pulp chamber. The endo-crown is then bonded into the cavity as a single ceramic piece, providing strength while preserving tooth structure compared to traditional crowns. Studies have shown endo-crowns distribute stresses similarly to natural teeth and provide effective, long-lasting restorations for molars with extensive decay or fractures.
This document provides an overview of endodontics. It defines endodontics as the branch of dentistry concerned with the morphology, physiology, and pathology of the dental pulp and periradicular tissues. The scope of endodontics includes treating diseases of the pulp, such as pulpal inflammation and infection, through both nonsurgical and surgical root canal treatment and periradicular surgery. Pathogenesis is discussed, noting that while physical and chemical factors can induce inflammation, microbial infection is essential for progression of pulpal and periradicular disease. Routes of canal infection and the focal infection theory are also summarized.
This document discusses pin-retained amalgam restorations for teeth with extensive caries or fractures. It describes the advantages as conserving tooth structure and providing increased resistance and retention compared to cast restorations. Potential disadvantages include dentinal microfractures, microleakage, and decreased amalgam strength. Factors that affect pin retention such as pin type, size, orientation, and number are examined. Guidelines for cavity preparation and pin placement based on tooth anatomy and pulp location are provided. Common problems and their solutions are also outlined.
This document discusses different types of bridges used in dentistry. It describes fixed partial dentures, which cannot be removed by the patient and replace one or more missing teeth using retainers, pontics, and connectors. There are four main types of bridges discussed: fixed-fixed bridges which use rigid connectors; fixed-movable bridges which use one fixed and one movable connector; cantilever bridges; and resin-bonded bridges. Key factors in determining the appropriate bridge design include the crown-root ratio and root surface area of the abutment teeth.
1) The document discusses various intracanal medicaments that have been used in endodontics, including phenolics, aldehydes, halides, calcium hydroxide, and antibiotics.
2) It provides classifications of intracanal medicaments according to Grossman and the Dental Council of North America.
3) Common intracanal medicaments discussed in detail include calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine, iodine potassium iodide, corticosteroid-antibiotic combinations, and Ledermix. Their compositions, applications, and limitations are described.
A detailed description about endo perio interrelationship, including introduction, development and etiology, historical aspects, definition, classification, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management, special consideration in management,controversies prognosis, conclusion.
Abutment & Its Selection In Fixed Partial DentureSelf employed
This document discusses factors to consider when selecting abutment teeth for fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It defines an abutment tooth and outlines how to assess potential abutments, including taking radiographs and evaluating crown morphology, root configuration, crown-to-root ratio, and other anatomical features. Good abutment teeth are vital with adequate bone and root support and crown structure to withstand forces from the FPD. Location, occlusion, tooth structure and root health must be optimized for successful force distribution from the prosthesis.
1. Orthodontic tooth movement occurs through remodeling of the alveolar bone in response to prolonged mechanical forces on teeth. Bone resorbs on the pressure side and forms on the tension side of the periodontal ligament.
2. Physiologic tooth movements include eruption, drift, and minor movements during mastication. Eruption occurs through growth of the root and forces from the periodontal ligament.
3. When forces are within physiologic limits, tooth movement occurs through frontal resorption on the pressure side and bone formation on the tension side. Excessive forces cause hyalinization and undermining resorption.
The modified Widman flap is a periodontal surgical technique used to obtain access to the root surface and allow for intimate postoperative adaptation of healthy connective tissue and epithelium to the root surface. Key aspects include:
1. Incisions are made internally and intracrevicularly to minimize tissue loss and gingival shrinkage. Vertical releasing incisions are usually not used.
2. The goal is access for root debridement rather than pocket elimination. Minimal flap elevation of 1-2mm is done to access root surfaces.
3. It is indicated for mild to moderate periodontitis with pocket depths up to 6mm and minimal inflammation. Primary intention healing occurs.
Designing a Removable Partial Denture (Kennedy's Classification)Taseef Hasan Farook
This document discusses the design of removable partial dentures. It begins by classifying partially edentulous jaws using Kennedy's classification system. It then covers the basic considerations in design such as biomechanics, types of supports, and biological factors. The key steps in design are surveyed, including marking the path of insertion, height of contour, and undercuts. It describes the components of partial dentures including major connectors, minor connectors, rests, retainers, and the denture base. Specific clasp and retainer designs are covered for different clinical situations.
Vital pulp therapy aims to preserve healthy pulp tissue and includes procedures like indirect/direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, and apexification. The goal is to stimulate reparative dentin formation and maintain the tooth as a functional unit. Success depends on factors like the patient's age, pulp chamber size, bacterial contamination, and quality of the restoration. Indirect pulp capping involves stepwise caries removal and capping the remaining dentin layer, while direct capping places a material directly over an exposed pulp. Pulpotomy and apexification procedures are used to treat immature teeth and maintain root development.
In this lecture I explain the basic concept of root canal filling or what called obturation. The lectures discuss different techniques used in that matter in step-by-step fashion and explanatory pictures.
It is directed to the level of undergraduate mind.
Fixed partial dentures transmit forces through the abutments to the periodontium. Failures are due to poor engineering, the use of improper materials, inadequate tooth preparation, and faulty fabrication. Of particular concern to prosthodontist is the selection of teeth for abutments. They must recognize the forces developed by the oral mechanism, and resistance.
Successful selection of abutments for fixed partial dentures requires sensitive diagnostic ability. Thorough knowledge of anatomy, ceramics, the chemistry and physics of dental materials, metallurgy, Periodontics, phonetics, physiology, radiology and the mechanics of oral function is fundamental.
The document discusses various methods for endodontic diagnosis including obtaining a thorough medical and dental history, examining subjective symptoms, performing clinical observations and tests, and interpreting radiographs. A key part of diagnosis involves determining the cause of pain or pathology through differential diagnosis and comparing current symptoms to other potential conditions. The diagnostic process aims to identify both diseased and healthy teeth through indirect evaluation of a patient's response to various stimuli and tests.
Endodontic surgery is performed to address issues like failed root canal treatments, procedural errors, anatomical variations, and biopsies. It involves raising a surgical flap, resecting the root tip, preparing and filling the root end cavity. Potential complications include swelling, pain, nerve damage and infection. A variety of materials can be used for the root end filling including zinc oxide eugenol cements, MTA, composites and glass ionomer cements. The goal is to provide an apical seal to prevent reinfection from microbes remaining in the root canal system.
This document discusses space maintainers, which are appliances used to maintain space for permanent teeth after premature loss of primary teeth. It describes different types of space maintainers including removable, fixed, lingual arch, and distal shoe appliances. Key factors in planning space maintenance like dental age and sequence of eruption are outlined. The document summarizes indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages of various space maintainer designs. Space maintainers aim to guide proper eruption of permanent teeth into ideal alignment and occlusion.
This document provides an overview of endodontic surgery. It begins with a brief history of endodontic surgery dating back over 1500 years. It then discusses the definition, rationale, objectives, and indications for endodontic surgery. The document outlines the classification of endodontic surgery and describes various surgical procedures like periradicular surgery, root-end resection, and root-end filling. It provides details on surgical instruments, treatment planning considerations, and techniques for achieving profound local anesthesia. In summary, the document provides a comprehensive review of the principles and procedures involved in endodontic surgery.
This document discusses root canal preparation techniques presented by Dr. Fasahath Ahmed Butt. It covers the objectives of root canal preparations, which are to completely remove pulp tissue and bacteria while maintaining the original root canal anatomy. The main types of preparations discussed are crown-down, step-back, and hybrid techniques. For each technique, the document outlines the basic process and advantages and disadvantages. It also briefly covers different filing techniques used in root canal preparations like watch winding, reaming, and balanced force.
This document provides an overview of single visit endodontics. It discusses the history and increased acceptance of single visit root canals due to advances in technology. The document outlines indications and contraindications for single visit root canals and notes the practice management, patient, and clinician advantages which include reduced stress, cost and number of visits. Guidelines for performing single visit root canals including case selection criteria and pain control methods are also summarized.
The periodontal pocket is defined as a pathologically deepened gingival sulcus and is one of the most important clinical features of periodontal disease. Pockets can be classified as gingival (pseudo) pockets caused by gingival enlargement without tissue destruction or periodontal pockets which involve the destruction of supporting tissues. Clinical attachment loss refers to the amount of periodontal support that has been destroyed around a tooth and is measured from the cementoenamel junction. Periodontal pockets contain microorganisms, their products, food remnants, and inflammatory cells.
Tooth resorption can occur internally or externally and is classified based on location and etiology. Internal resorption is caused by damage to the pulp and occurs from within the tooth, appearing radiographically as a smooth, rounded radiolucency within the root canal. External resorption involves loss of cementum and dentin from outside the tooth, and appears as ragged radiolucencies on the root surface, often with accompanying bone loss. Management depends on severity and location of resorption and may include root canal therapy, surgery, or extraction.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses pin-retained amalgam restorations for teeth with extensive caries or fractures. It describes the advantages as conserving tooth structure and providing increased resistance and retention compared to cast restorations. Potential disadvantages include dentinal microfractures, microleakage, and decreased amalgam strength. Factors that affect pin retention such as pin type, size, orientation, and number are examined. Guidelines for cavity preparation and pin placement based on tooth anatomy and pulp location are provided. Common problems and their solutions are also outlined.
This document discusses different types of bridges used in dentistry. It describes fixed partial dentures, which cannot be removed by the patient and replace one or more missing teeth using retainers, pontics, and connectors. There are four main types of bridges discussed: fixed-fixed bridges which use rigid connectors; fixed-movable bridges which use one fixed and one movable connector; cantilever bridges; and resin-bonded bridges. Key factors in determining the appropriate bridge design include the crown-root ratio and root surface area of the abutment teeth.
1) The document discusses various intracanal medicaments that have been used in endodontics, including phenolics, aldehydes, halides, calcium hydroxide, and antibiotics.
2) It provides classifications of intracanal medicaments according to Grossman and the Dental Council of North America.
3) Common intracanal medicaments discussed in detail include calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine, iodine potassium iodide, corticosteroid-antibiotic combinations, and Ledermix. Their compositions, applications, and limitations are described.
A detailed description about endo perio interrelationship, including introduction, development and etiology, historical aspects, definition, classification, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management, special consideration in management,controversies prognosis, conclusion.
Abutment & Its Selection In Fixed Partial DentureSelf employed
This document discusses factors to consider when selecting abutment teeth for fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It defines an abutment tooth and outlines how to assess potential abutments, including taking radiographs and evaluating crown morphology, root configuration, crown-to-root ratio, and other anatomical features. Good abutment teeth are vital with adequate bone and root support and crown structure to withstand forces from the FPD. Location, occlusion, tooth structure and root health must be optimized for successful force distribution from the prosthesis.
1. Orthodontic tooth movement occurs through remodeling of the alveolar bone in response to prolonged mechanical forces on teeth. Bone resorbs on the pressure side and forms on the tension side of the periodontal ligament.
2. Physiologic tooth movements include eruption, drift, and minor movements during mastication. Eruption occurs through growth of the root and forces from the periodontal ligament.
3. When forces are within physiologic limits, tooth movement occurs through frontal resorption on the pressure side and bone formation on the tension side. Excessive forces cause hyalinization and undermining resorption.
The modified Widman flap is a periodontal surgical technique used to obtain access to the root surface and allow for intimate postoperative adaptation of healthy connective tissue and epithelium to the root surface. Key aspects include:
1. Incisions are made internally and intracrevicularly to minimize tissue loss and gingival shrinkage. Vertical releasing incisions are usually not used.
2. The goal is access for root debridement rather than pocket elimination. Minimal flap elevation of 1-2mm is done to access root surfaces.
3. It is indicated for mild to moderate periodontitis with pocket depths up to 6mm and minimal inflammation. Primary intention healing occurs.
Designing a Removable Partial Denture (Kennedy's Classification)Taseef Hasan Farook
This document discusses the design of removable partial dentures. It begins by classifying partially edentulous jaws using Kennedy's classification system. It then covers the basic considerations in design such as biomechanics, types of supports, and biological factors. The key steps in design are surveyed, including marking the path of insertion, height of contour, and undercuts. It describes the components of partial dentures including major connectors, minor connectors, rests, retainers, and the denture base. Specific clasp and retainer designs are covered for different clinical situations.
Vital pulp therapy aims to preserve healthy pulp tissue and includes procedures like indirect/direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, and apexification. The goal is to stimulate reparative dentin formation and maintain the tooth as a functional unit. Success depends on factors like the patient's age, pulp chamber size, bacterial contamination, and quality of the restoration. Indirect pulp capping involves stepwise caries removal and capping the remaining dentin layer, while direct capping places a material directly over an exposed pulp. Pulpotomy and apexification procedures are used to treat immature teeth and maintain root development.
In this lecture I explain the basic concept of root canal filling or what called obturation. The lectures discuss different techniques used in that matter in step-by-step fashion and explanatory pictures.
It is directed to the level of undergraduate mind.
Fixed partial dentures transmit forces through the abutments to the periodontium. Failures are due to poor engineering, the use of improper materials, inadequate tooth preparation, and faulty fabrication. Of particular concern to prosthodontist is the selection of teeth for abutments. They must recognize the forces developed by the oral mechanism, and resistance.
Successful selection of abutments for fixed partial dentures requires sensitive diagnostic ability. Thorough knowledge of anatomy, ceramics, the chemistry and physics of dental materials, metallurgy, Periodontics, phonetics, physiology, radiology and the mechanics of oral function is fundamental.
The document discusses various methods for endodontic diagnosis including obtaining a thorough medical and dental history, examining subjective symptoms, performing clinical observations and tests, and interpreting radiographs. A key part of diagnosis involves determining the cause of pain or pathology through differential diagnosis and comparing current symptoms to other potential conditions. The diagnostic process aims to identify both diseased and healthy teeth through indirect evaluation of a patient's response to various stimuli and tests.
Endodontic surgery is performed to address issues like failed root canal treatments, procedural errors, anatomical variations, and biopsies. It involves raising a surgical flap, resecting the root tip, preparing and filling the root end cavity. Potential complications include swelling, pain, nerve damage and infection. A variety of materials can be used for the root end filling including zinc oxide eugenol cements, MTA, composites and glass ionomer cements. The goal is to provide an apical seal to prevent reinfection from microbes remaining in the root canal system.
This document discusses space maintainers, which are appliances used to maintain space for permanent teeth after premature loss of primary teeth. It describes different types of space maintainers including removable, fixed, lingual arch, and distal shoe appliances. Key factors in planning space maintenance like dental age and sequence of eruption are outlined. The document summarizes indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages of various space maintainer designs. Space maintainers aim to guide proper eruption of permanent teeth into ideal alignment and occlusion.
This document provides an overview of endodontic surgery. It begins with a brief history of endodontic surgery dating back over 1500 years. It then discusses the definition, rationale, objectives, and indications for endodontic surgery. The document outlines the classification of endodontic surgery and describes various surgical procedures like periradicular surgery, root-end resection, and root-end filling. It provides details on surgical instruments, treatment planning considerations, and techniques for achieving profound local anesthesia. In summary, the document provides a comprehensive review of the principles and procedures involved in endodontic surgery.
This document discusses root canal preparation techniques presented by Dr. Fasahath Ahmed Butt. It covers the objectives of root canal preparations, which are to completely remove pulp tissue and bacteria while maintaining the original root canal anatomy. The main types of preparations discussed are crown-down, step-back, and hybrid techniques. For each technique, the document outlines the basic process and advantages and disadvantages. It also briefly covers different filing techniques used in root canal preparations like watch winding, reaming, and balanced force.
This document provides an overview of single visit endodontics. It discusses the history and increased acceptance of single visit root canals due to advances in technology. The document outlines indications and contraindications for single visit root canals and notes the practice management, patient, and clinician advantages which include reduced stress, cost and number of visits. Guidelines for performing single visit root canals including case selection criteria and pain control methods are also summarized.
The periodontal pocket is defined as a pathologically deepened gingival sulcus and is one of the most important clinical features of periodontal disease. Pockets can be classified as gingival (pseudo) pockets caused by gingival enlargement without tissue destruction or periodontal pockets which involve the destruction of supporting tissues. Clinical attachment loss refers to the amount of periodontal support that has been destroyed around a tooth and is measured from the cementoenamel junction. Periodontal pockets contain microorganisms, their products, food remnants, and inflammatory cells.
Tooth resorption can occur internally or externally and is classified based on location and etiology. Internal resorption is caused by damage to the pulp and occurs from within the tooth, appearing radiographically as a smooth, rounded radiolucency within the root canal. External resorption involves loss of cementum and dentin from outside the tooth, and appears as ragged radiolucencies on the root surface, often with accompanying bone loss. Management depends on severity and location of resorption and may include root canal therapy, surgery, or extraction.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses different types of root resorption, including internal, external, inflammatory, and replacement resorption. It provides details on the definition, causes, mechanisms, diagnostic methods and treatment approaches for each type. The key types discussed are internal infection-related resorption, where necrotic infected pulp tissue triggers the resorption process, and external cervical resorption, which is often linked to trauma, restorations or orthodontic treatment. Diagnosis involves radiographs and vitality testing, while treatment focuses on removing resorptive tissue, root canal therapy if needed, and restoration.
Root resorption in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Root resorption /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Root resorption in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Root resorption /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document discusses root resorption, which is the loss of tooth structure over the root surface due to physiologic or pathologic processes. It begins by classifying root resorption by type, location, and severity. It then focuses on orthodontically induced root resorption, discussing the biology and risk factors involved like tooth movement type, force type, root shape, and patient characteristics. The document concludes that while root resorption is an iatrogenic risk of orthodontic treatment, orthodontists should take measures to reduce its occurrence.
This document discusses various types of root resorption including their causes, characteristics, diagnosis and treatment. It describes internal and external root resorption, further dividing external resorption into surface, inflammatory, replacement and invasive types. The key causes are trauma, pressure from impacted teeth or tumors, and systemic conditions. Diagnosis involves history, clinical exams, and radiographs to identify patterns of tooth structure loss. Treatment aims to arrest the resorptive process through root canal therapy or surgery depending on the type and severity.
Making the Teeth Functionally Competent in the Field of Endodontics / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Root Resorption /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Tooth resorption is the progressive loss of dentine and cementum by the action of osteoclasts. This is a physiological process in the exfoliation of the primary dentition, caused by osteoclast differentiation due to pressure exerted by the erupting permanent tooth
Class on regresive altrations of teeth (RAOT)DrRam Thiramdas
The document discusses various regressive alterations of teeth (RAOT) that result from wear and tear over time rather than developmental abnormalities or infection. It describes several types of RAOT including attrition from tooth contact during chewing, abrasion from external abrasives, erosion from acid exposure, and abfraction from biomechanical forces. It provides details on the etiology, clinical features, and appearance of each type of RAOT. Treatment involves identifying and addressing the underlying causes as well as restorative measures to protect the tooth structure.
- Primary teeth are more likely to be displaced than fractured following traumatic injuries due to their thinner, more elastic alveolar bone and physiological resorption.
- Immediate effects on primary teeth include concussion, displacement through intrusion, extrusion or avulsion, and rare crown-root fractures. Indirect effects can impact unerupted permanent teeth and cause conditions like hypoplasia, hypomineralization, or dilaceration.
- Treatment depends on the specific injury but may include no treatment, extraction, pulpectomy, or repositioning displaced teeth when possible.
This document discusses dentoalveolar injuries, which involve trauma localized to the teeth and supporting structures of the alveolus. It classifies different types of injuries including those involving the hard dental tissues, periodontal tissues, supporting bone, and soft tissues. Treatment depends on the type and extent of injury, and may include procedures like splinting, extraction, endodontic treatment, or reimplantation of avulsed teeth. Complications can arise if injuries are not properly treated.
This document provides an introduction to operative dentistry. It defines operative dentistry as dealing with the functional and esthetic restoration of teeth. The main indications for operative procedures are then outlined, including dental caries, non-carious tooth structure loss, malformed/traumatized teeth, esthetic improvements, and replacing previous restorations. Caries is described as an infectious disease causing tooth structure demineralization. The purposes of operative dentistry are then given as diagnosis, prevention, interception, and maintenance of restored teeth.
This document provides an introduction to operative dentistry. It defines operative dentistry as dealing with the functional and esthetic restoration of teeth. The main indications for operative procedures are then outlined, including dental caries, non-carious tooth structure loss, malformed/traumatized teeth, esthetic improvements, and replacing previous restorations. Caries is described as an infectious disease causing tooth structure demineralization. The purposes of operative dentistry are then stated as diagnosis, prevention, interception, and maintenance of restored teeth. Key terminology related to tooth surfaces and dental caries is also defined.
The document summarizes traumatic dental injuries and their management. It discusses the classification, clinical features, treatment, and stabilization periods for various types of dentoalveolar injuries including enamel fractures, crown fractures, root fractures, luxations, and avulsions. Splinting is described as the best method for immobilizing mobile teeth or displaced teeth, with different splinting techniques and materials discussed. Prompt treatment of dental trauma is emphasized to save injured teeth.
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
This document discusses dental occlusion concepts and philosophies for complete dentures. It introduces key terms like physiologic occlusion and defines different occlusion schemes like balanced articulation and monoplane articulation. The document discusses advantages and disadvantages of using anatomic versus non-anatomic teeth for complete dentures. It also outlines requirements for maintaining denture stability, such as balanced occlusal contacts and control of horizontal forces. The goal of occlusion for complete dentures is to re-establish the homeostasis of the masticatory system disrupted by edentulism.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses dental casting investment materials. It describes the three main types of investments - gypsum bonded, phosphate bonded, and ethyl silicate bonded investments. For gypsum bonded investments specifically, it details their classification, composition including the roles of gypsum, silica, and modifiers, setting time, normal and hygroscopic setting expansion, and thermal expansion. It provides information on how the properties of gypsum bonded investments are affected by their composition. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of dental casting investment materials.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
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Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
1. • INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
• Leader in continuing Dental Education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
2. Studies suggest that:
• 1-16% of all maxillofacial trauma cases
account for Exarticulation / Avulsion
cases.
• Luxation injuries account for about 17% of
all dental injuries.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. Unfortunately, the common forms
of dental trauma accounting for root
resorption include:
• Avulsions ( Most common).
• Severe forms of luxation injuries:
Intrusive Luxation.
Extrusive Luxation.
• Rarely other forms of dental trauma.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
4. Factors common to these forms of
dental trauma
• Damage to the “ Attachment apparatus”.
• Insult to the “Dental pulp”.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. SEQUENCE OF EVENTS LEADING
TO ROOT RESORPTION
CRUSHING / DAMAGE TO THE PDL
LOSS OF PRECEMENTUM LEADING TO
DENUDATION OF ROOT SURFACE
CHEMOTAXIS OF HARD
TISSUE RESORBING CELLS
MACROPHAGES AND
OSTEOCLASTS REMOVE DAMAGED
PDL AND CEMENTUM
www.indiandentalacademy.com
6. The situation gets further
complicated by:
• Eventual exposure of dentinal tubules.
• Contents of the pulp i.e. Ischemic and
sterile or necrotic and infected.
• Presence/Absence of adjacent vital
cementoblasts.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
7. Key cells and factors involved:
• Monocytes and macrophages
• Osteoclasts
• Odontoclasts
www.indiandentalacademy.com
8. MONOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES:
• Initially monocytes are
recruited to the site of injury
by the release of pro-
inflammatory cytokines.
• These subsequently
differentiate into
macrophages.
• These macrophages are
similar to osteoclasts except
that they lack a ruffled
border. www.indiandentalacademy.com
9. OSTEOCLASTS:
• Derived from the
hemopoietic cells of
the monocyte-
macrophage lineage,
with a life span of
about 2 weeks.
• Multi-nucleated giant
cells ( 20 to 30
nuclei) , formed from
the fusion of
mononuclear
precursors.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
10. ODONTOCLASTS:
• Similar to the osteoclasts.
• Contain fewer nuclei than the osteoclasts.
• Cells with a fewer nuclei, greater is the
dentinal resorption.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
11. The resorption process is bimodal :
• Dissolution of the inorganic crystal
structure.
• Degradation of the organic structure of
collagen, principally type I.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
12. Dissolution of the inorganic crystal
structure.
• pH levels below 5 , facilitate rapid
dissolution of hydroxyapatite.
• Polarised proton pump along the ruffled
border and the enzyme carbonic
anhydrase II play an important role.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
13. Degradation of the organic structure
Three groups of proteinase enzymes are
involved:
• Collagenases
• Matrix metalloproteinases ( both act at
neutral pH ) and
• Cystene proteinases ( act at acidic pH).
www.indiandentalacademy.com
15. INJURY
• Mechanical
• Chemical
• Surgical
“Concerns the non-mineralized tissues
covering the external ( pre-cemental ) surface
of the root or the internal (pre-dentinal) surface
of the root”
www.indiandentalacademy.com
16. STIMULATION
• Nature of cells present:
* At the time of injury.
* Site of injury.
• Site of tooth involved (Cemental or
Dentinal)
Concerns a wide array of factors like:
www.indiandentalacademy.com
17. “ Resorption is a condition
associated with either a
physiologic or a pathologic
process resulting in loss of dentin,
cementum or bone”
Am. Assn of Endo.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
18. Need for a classification
system:
“Apical Root Resorption”
1. Orthodontic treatment.
2. Inflammatory Root Resorption
following trauma.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
19. Classification system based on
clinical presentation:
1. Pulpal infection root resorption.
2. Periodontal infection root resorption.
3. Orthodontic pressure root resorption.
4. Impacted tooth or tumor pressure root
resorption.
5. Ankylotic root resorption.
6. Idiopathic root resorption.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
21. INTERNAL RESORPTION
ETIOLOGY: Damage to the predentinal
(inner) surface of the root and bacteria.
KEY FACTOR: Needs good vascular supply
to continue.
TYPES:
1. Root canal replacement
(metaplastic) resorption.
2. Internal inflammatory resorption.www.indiandentalacademy.com
22. Root canal replacement (metaplastic)
internal resorption.
• Low grade localised pulpal irritation such as
chronic irreversible pulpitis or partial necrosis.
• Trauma.
• Thermal insult.
ETIOLOGY:
It involves resorption of dentin and a
subsequent deposition of hard tissue that
resembles bone or cementum, but not dentin.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. Clinical evaluation:
• Tooth remains asymptomatic and responds
normally to thermal or electric pulp testing.
• The condition becomes painful if the process
perforates the root or crown of the tooth.
Radiographic appearance:
• Enlargement of the canal space, including
discontinuity of normal space.
• This space is engorged with a less radiodense
material, giving the appearance of partial canal
obliteration. www.indiandentalacademy.com
24. Histologic evaluation:
• Gradual enlargement of pulp space because of
continuous formation of bone or osteodentin at
the expense of dentin.
• The normal pulp tissue is replaced by a
cancellous type of hard tissue.
VARIATIONS:
• Internal tunneling resorption.
• Pulp canal obliteration.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
27. Internal inflammatory resorption
Chronic irritation of pulp tissues when bacteria
and their components enter the root canals via
dentinal tubules that are exposed by mechanical
damage.
It involves progressive loss of root substance
without subsequent deposition of hard tissue
in the resorption cavity.
ETIOLOGY:
www.indiandentalacademy.com
28. TYPES OF INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION:
• Transient is self
limiting and is
repaired
presumably with
new hard tissue.
• Progresses till most of
the dentin gets
involved and
overtakes the
remaining vital pulp
tissue thus leading to
deprivation of the
tissue of the much
needed blood supply.
1 Transient
2 Progressive.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
29. Diagnosis:
• Usually these teeth remain asymptomatic
and usually respond to pulp testing.
• The extensively internally resorbed teeth
show a typical “PINK” hue (Pink Tooth).
• Radiographically typically present as an
oval, circumscribed defect in the internal
wall of the root canal.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
33. EXTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION:
Typically the external morphology of the
root is affected , unlike IRR where the
internal root canal morphology is
affected.
Types:
1) Surface resorption.
2) Inflammatory resorption.
3) Replacement resorption.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
34. SURFACE RESORPTION
ETIOLOGY: Damage to the precemental
(outer) surface of the root and bacteria.
KEY FACTOR: Though vascularity seems to
be abundant, the key is the bacterial infection
from the pulp.
TYPES:
1.Transient
2.Progressive.www.indiandentalacademy.com
35. Features of Transient Surface Resorption:
• The most favorable and uncomplicated
mode of healing of traumatized teeth.
• Usually undetectable clinically and
radiographically.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
36. INFLAMMATORY ROOT
RESORPTION
Contributory factors:
1. Injury to the periodontal ligament.
2. Initiation of Surface Resorption.
3. Establishment of communication between
the pulp and external root surface.
4. Patent dentinal tubules.
It is a clinical manifestation of progressive surface
resorption. Best described as a BOWL shaped
resorptive defect that penetrates dentin.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
37. Diagnosis:
• H/o trauma ( Recent or longstanding)
• Clinical finding of Irreversible pulpitis (rarely) or
Pulp necrosis.
• Tooth mobility associated with tenderness.
• Dentoalveolar resorption radiographically.
Inflammatory root resorption can initiate and
involve the root extensively , in a duration as short
as 4-6 weeks.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
41. REPLACEMENT RESORPTION
KEY FACTOR: Colonisation of the damaged root
surface by osteoblasts, absence of vital
cementoblasts.
TYPES:
1.Transient
2.Progressive.
The root surface undergoes remodelling, until
all of it is replaced by bone.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
42. TYPES OF REPLACEMENT ROOT
RESORPTION:
• Transient is self
limiting and involves
less than 20% of the
root area.
• Progresses till most of
the root is replaced by
bone. Should involve
atleast 30% root
surface to be branded
as Progressive
Replacement
Resorption.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
45. INVASIVE/ CERVICAL
RESORPTION
“ a type of resorption that involves the cervical
area of a tooth below the epithelial attachment
and often proceeds from a small surface
opening to involve a large part of dentin between
the cementum and the pulp.”
www.indiandentalacademy.com
49. PRESSURE RESORPTION
1. Orthodontic forces.
2. High occlusal forces.
3. Pressure from impacted, supernumerary teeth
etc.
4. Pressure from tumors and cysts.
This is also a form of external inflammatory root
resorption.
ETIOLOGY:
www.indiandentalacademy.com
54. Transient apical breakdown
• The tooth is often asymptomatic and responds
normally to vitality tests.
• Radiographically a transient change in the size of
the apical pdl space,ranging from two times the
normal width to a semicircular radiolucency,
combined with a blunting of the apex from
surface resorption may be observed.
It is a temporary phenomenon in which the apex
of the tooth displays the radiographic appearance
of root resorption that is linked to the repair
processes of a traumatically injured pulp and/ or
periodontium of a luxated mature tooth.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
59. MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES:
Delay root resorption.
Prevent root resorption.
Delay root resorption:
• Application of stannous fluoride prior to
replantation of an avulsed tooth.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
60. Prevent root resorption
• Identify and eliminate the strategic
underlying cause.
Eg: Pulpal infection, Periodontal Infection.
• Promote ideal healing
Eg: Repair by formation of new cementum.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
61. Current strategies in managing root
resorption:
1. Calcium Hydroxide.
2. Calcium Hydroxide with IKI or
electrophoretically activated copper.
3. Enamel Matrix Derivatives.
4. Topical Alendronate.
5. Activ Point ( 5% chlorhexidine).
6. Calcitonin.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
62. Mechanism of action of Calcium Hydroxide:
• Strong antibacterial effect.
• High pH, inhibits the activity of osteoclastic
acid hydrolases in the in the pdl tissues
and activates alkaline phosphatases.
• Prevents dissolution of the mineral
component by necrotising the cells of
resorption lacunae .
www.indiandentalacademy.com
63. Enamel Matrix Derivative
• Based on the idea by
Slavkin & Boyde that
enamel matrix proteins from
Hertwig’s epithelial root
sheath initiate formation of
cementum (Primary
acellular cementum).
• EMDOGAIN, is a
commercially available
porcine enamel matrix
derivative.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
64. Topical Alendronate
• Alendronate is a third generation
biphosphonate commonly employed to
treat diseases like osteoporosis, Paget’s
disease or other osteolytic malignancies.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
65. Possible mechanisms of action of
alendronate
1. Decrease in osteoclastic activity with minimal
effects on recruitment.
2. The interference of receptors on the
osteoclasts for specific bone matrix proteins.
3. Promoting the production of an osteoclast
inhibitor, thus reducing the life span of
osteoclasts.
4. Obstructing resorption by interfering with the
ruffled border.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
66. ACTIV POINT
• It is an intracanal medicament containing
5% Chlorhexidine.
• Has strong anti-bacterial effect upto
depths of 500µ.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
67. CALCITONIN
• Calcitonin, is a hormone produced by the
thyroid gland and is a potential inhibitor of
osteoclastic bone resorption.
• They used porcine calcitonin paste.
• Has scope for use in cases of
IDIOPATHIC RESORPTION.
www.indiandentalacademy.com