Surgery plays an important but limited role in the management of testicular cancer. The main surgical procedures are: 1) Radical high inguinal orchidectomy, which is the primary treatment and provides staging information. 2) Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), which may have a therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic role depending on the stage and histology. 3) In select cases, hemi scrotectomy or metastectomy may be performed. While surgery is crucial for diagnosis and staging, most testicular cancers are highly responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are the primary treatment modalities.