There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either underground as intrusive igneous rocks or on the surface as extrusive igneous rocks. Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat and pressure in the Earth. Examples are provided for each rock type.

1. ROCKS

2. TYPES OF ROCKS
 IGNEOUS ROCKS
IGNEOUS ROCKS
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
METAMORPHIC ROCKS

3. IGNEOUS ROCKS
 Igneous means “made from fire or heat”.
 Igneous rock is formed when magma from
deep inside the Earth forces its way out and
reaches the Earth‟s surface.
 Magma- molten or liquefied rock

4. TWO KINDS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
 EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS
 This forms when magma comes to the surface and
cools quickly.
 The slower the rocks cool down, the larger the
crystals that are formed.

5. TWO KINDS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
 INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS
 Itis formed when magma hardens or cools slowly
inside Earth.
 Slowly cooling magma forms coarse-grained rocks.

6. EXAMPLES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
 Granite
 Basalt
 Pumice
 Obsidian
 Peridotite
 Gabbro
TYPES OF ROCKS

7. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
 Made from pieces of rocks and minerals called
sediments which form in layers
 The particles were buried, compressed and
cemented to a solid mass.
 Lithification- the process that turns the loose
sediments in the bottom of the sea or river bed
into hard sedimentary rocks

8. EXAMPLES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
 Shale
 Limestone
 Sandstone
 Coal
 Breccia
 Flint
TYPES OF ROCKS

9. METAMORPHIC ROCKS
 Metamorphic means „change in form‟
 Either sedimentary or igneous rocks that
become different in color, hardness and in
other ways because of their exposure to heat
and pressure

10. EXAMPLES OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS
 Marble
 Slate
 Schist
 Gneiss
 Quartzite