What are the properties of minerals and rocks

1. What are the properties
of minerals and rocks?

2. Types of rocks
1)
Sedimentary
rocks
2)
Igneous rocks
3)
Metamorphic
rocks

3. Igneous rocks1
- Formed when rocks melt and then cool.
1) Rocks are pushed under
the earth crust where it
melts and turns into
magma.
2) Magma comes out of a
volcano and cools to form
Igneous rocks.
When magma comes out
of the volcano, it is called LAVA

4. If
Igneous rocks cool down
quickly
Outside the volcano
(Extrusive igneous rocks)
Look like glass
(Fine grains)
Example:
Basalt
Igneous rocks cools
down slowly
Inside the volcano
(Intrusive igneous rocks)
Has large grains
Example:
Granite

5. Sedimentary rocks2
- Formed when materials settle into layers.
Example:
Sandstone
Compressed sand
Limestone
Compressed skeletons and
shells of sea animals

6. Wind and water break the
rocks into small pieces.
Wind and water carries bits of
rock and soil away.
Bits of rock and soil settle into
layers.
After a long time, layers
harden into rocks.
Weathering
Erosion
Sediments
Compression

7. Coal
Compressed fossils of dead
plants.
Chalk
Sedimentary rocks

8. Metamorphic rocks3
- Formed when other rocks are changed
under heat or pressure.
Example:
Marble
Transformed
limestone
Slate
Transformed
clay

9. Pressure from the
above layers
Heat from the
magma
Any other type of
rock
How Metamorphic rocks are formed

10. The Rock Cycle
Prepared by the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality
Office of Geological Survey

11. What is the
Rock Cycle ?

12. The Rock Cycle explains
how Rocks and Natural Processes
are related
weathering
Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous

13. We will use the graphic seen in
the background to help
represent the Rock Cycle.
There are many ways to show the various
relationships between the rocks and
the related natural processes.

14. The Rock Cycleinvolves the
recognition of three main
classes of rocks.
The three rock types are …

15. CEMETERY METABOLIC
INGENIOUS
Sedimentary
Rocks
Metamorphic
Rocks
Igneous
Rocks Right?

16. Minerals combine to form Rocks

17. Now that some of the basics
have been covered, lets
consider some of the
details about the
Rock Cycle

18. The Rock Cycle
weathering
Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous
Rocks are
weathered,
eroded,
settled,
and
compressed
to form
sedimentary
rocks

19. The metamorphic rock
can be weathered
to produce sediments.
Becoming a SEDIMENTARY ROCK …
The igneous rock can
be weathered to
produce sediments.
Sedimentary rocks can be physically weathered
to produce sediments that can become other
sedimentary rocks.

20. The Rock Cycle
Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous
Igneous
Rocks
form from
molten rock or
magma under
the surface or
from lava on
the surface.

21. Becoming an IGNEOUS ROCK …
When magma cools to a solid it becomes an igneous
rock.
Molten rock is called magma.
Any existing rock – igneous, metamorphic or
sedimentary - can be subjected to enough heat and or
pressure causing it to melt.
basaltgranite

22. Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous
The Rock Cycle
Pressure
and heat
cause
any
rocks to
become
metamorphic
rocks
Becoming a METAMORPHIC ROCK …
If any type of rock is exposed to sufficient heat and
or pressure it can be transformed into the
metamorphic rock.

23. weathering
Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous
The Rock Cycle
The Rock Cycle
does not go in
just one
direction.
Any given rock
can go through
any part of the
cycle any number
of times.
DEQ GSD - The Rock Cycle in Michigan - February 2001

24. weathering
Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous
The Rock Cycle
I hope you
better
understand the
Rock Cycleand
what it means.
DEQ GSD - The Rock Cycle in Michigan - February 2001