Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of injuries and deaths in India. In 2017 alone, there were over 4.6 lakh accidents which resulted in 1.47 lakh deaths. Road accidents can be prevented through measures targeting human factors like promoting safety equipment usage and traffic rules compliance, environmental factors like improving road infrastructure and traffic management, and vehicle factors such as enforcing vehicle safety standards. The Motor Vehicles Amendment Bill 2019 aims to strengthen road safety in India through stricter penalties for traffic violations, compulsory insurance, and other initiatives.
Epidemiology, prevention and control of road traffic accidentsDr.Hemant Kumar
Road Traffic Accidents(RTAs)are Major Global Health problems and 8th leading cause of death leading to more than 1.2 million deaths and 20-50 million injuries annually.While the situation in many countries in now improving, India still holds the dubious distinction of being only country who faces more than 14 fatalities and 53 injuries every hour due to RTA.
Epidemiology, prevention and control of road traffic accidentsDr.Hemant Kumar
Road Traffic Accidents(RTAs)are Major Global Health problems and 8th leading cause of death leading to more than 1.2 million deaths and 20-50 million injuries annually.While the situation in many countries in now improving, India still holds the dubious distinction of being only country who faces more than 14 fatalities and 53 injuries every hour due to RTA.
As we know in India road accidents plays very brutal role everyday, India lost a healthy people everyday because of silly mistakes which will not considerable. If government of India and People conscious about all road safety and improvement in traffic rules and awareness in people about road safety, we will save a valuable life's.
This presentation has the following.
1. Definitions - accidents and injuries
2. The burden of accidents and injuries
3. Epidemiology of RTA, industrial accidents, railway accidents, violence, domestic violence, drowning, burns, domestic accidents, poisoning and snakebite.
4. Prevention and control of RTA, industrial accidents, railway accidents, violence, domestic violence, drowning, burns, domestic accidents, poisoning and snake bite.
How to prevent Road Accidents, Road Safety tips, Road Safety Seminar, Road Sa...Road Safety
Steps to be taken to prevent Road Accidents, How to prevent Road Accidents, Road Accident Preventions Tips, Steps to be taken by Government to reduce road accidents. Traffic safety awareness, How to avoid accidents, How to reduce road accidents, Safety habits, Parenting, Action by Public Works, Home ministr, State governments, Union Goverment, Police etc.
american highway safety, indian road safety, taffic safety, aashto, nchrp, nhtsa, school safety, general safety, aaa traffic safety, ADTSEA, road safety foundation, road safety organisation ,national road safety, nhtsa, national safety, american highway, indian highway, auto safety, automobile safety ,parents, children, road accident prevention tips, road safety, accident control, child, helmet, india, indian government ,slide share, powerpoint .
a brief information about what road safety is, and why it is so important for common people. this presentation is designed for Pakistani people by mr. Mohammad Shahid of Road Safety First.
www.roadsign.pk
www.perlp.org
Each year nearly 1.3 million people die as a result of a road traffic collision—
more than 3000 deaths each day—and more than half of these people are not
travelling in a car. Ninety percent of road traffic deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries,
which claim less than half the world\'s registered vehicle fleet. Road traffic injuries
are among the three leading causes of death for people between 5 and 44 years
of age. Unless immediate and effective action is taken, road traffic injuries are
predicted to become the fifth leading cause of death in the world, resulting in an
estimated 2.4 million deaths each year.
As we know in India road accidents plays very brutal role everyday, India lost a healthy people everyday because of silly mistakes which will not considerable. If government of India and People conscious about all road safety and improvement in traffic rules and awareness in people about road safety, we will save a valuable life's.
This presentation has the following.
1. Definitions - accidents and injuries
2. The burden of accidents and injuries
3. Epidemiology of RTA, industrial accidents, railway accidents, violence, domestic violence, drowning, burns, domestic accidents, poisoning and snakebite.
4. Prevention and control of RTA, industrial accidents, railway accidents, violence, domestic violence, drowning, burns, domestic accidents, poisoning and snake bite.
How to prevent Road Accidents, Road Safety tips, Road Safety Seminar, Road Sa...Road Safety
Steps to be taken to prevent Road Accidents, How to prevent Road Accidents, Road Accident Preventions Tips, Steps to be taken by Government to reduce road accidents. Traffic safety awareness, How to avoid accidents, How to reduce road accidents, Safety habits, Parenting, Action by Public Works, Home ministr, State governments, Union Goverment, Police etc.
american highway safety, indian road safety, taffic safety, aashto, nchrp, nhtsa, school safety, general safety, aaa traffic safety, ADTSEA, road safety foundation, road safety organisation ,national road safety, nhtsa, national safety, american highway, indian highway, auto safety, automobile safety ,parents, children, road accident prevention tips, road safety, accident control, child, helmet, india, indian government ,slide share, powerpoint .
a brief information about what road safety is, and why it is so important for common people. this presentation is designed for Pakistani people by mr. Mohammad Shahid of Road Safety First.
www.roadsign.pk
www.perlp.org
Each year nearly 1.3 million people die as a result of a road traffic collision—
more than 3000 deaths each day—and more than half of these people are not
travelling in a car. Ninety percent of road traffic deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries,
which claim less than half the world\'s registered vehicle fleet. Road traffic injuries
are among the three leading causes of death for people between 5 and 44 years
of age. Unless immediate and effective action is taken, road traffic injuries are
predicted to become the fifth leading cause of death in the world, resulting in an
estimated 2.4 million deaths each year.
To Find out the Relationship between Errors, Lapses, Violations and Traffic A...inventionjournals
Background: The Manchester Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) has been extensively used as predictor of self-reported road traffic accidents. The associations between lapses and the violation and error factors of the DBQ however, might be reporting a little bias. Aim: The current study aiming to explore the driving behaviours of cuddalore district and to investigate the relationship between error, violations, and lapses of DBQ and accident involvement. Methods: Current study is a relational study. 500 drivers Was selected randomly in cuddalore district Results: Finding indicated that significant relationship between driving error, lapses and violations, Also there are significant relations among traffic awareness of driving behaviors of participants.
Abstract
Introduction
Causes of accident
(a) Driver’ attitudes
(b) Road and weather condition
Effect of accident
Ways to overcome road accident
(a)Have a good attitudes
(b)Good road condition
Conclusion
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
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Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
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- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
2. What is an Accident
1.An unexpected, unplanned occurrence that may involve injury.
2. Unpremeditated event resulting in recognizable damage
(WHO Advisory Group)
3. Occurrence in a sequence of events, which usually produces
unintended injury,death or property damage.
8 September 2019 2Chengalpattu Medical College
3. Classification of Accidents
1. Road Traffic Accidents
2. Domestic Accidents-
Drowning,Burns,Falls,Poisoning,Injuries from sharp
,Bites and other injuries from animals
3. Industrial Accidents
4. Railway Accidents
5. Aircraft crash
6. Maritime accidents
7. Violence
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 3
4. Measurement of Problems
1. Mortality
Proportional mortality rate
Number of deaths per million population
Death rate per 1000 (or 1 lakh) registered vehicles per
year.
Number of accidents or fatalities as a ratio of number of
vehicles per km or passengers per km.
Deaths of vehicles occupants per thousand vehicles per
year.
8 September 2019 4Chengalpattu Medical College
5. Cont….
2.Morbidity
Based on Abbreviated injury scale
1. Serious injuries
2. Slight injuries
3.Disability- temporary or permanent ,partial/total
International Classification of Functioning,Disability and
Health (ICF) by WHO
8 September 2019 5Chengalpattu Medical College
6. Road Accidents : A Snapshot
Road Accidents - a leading cause of Injuries,
Deaths & Disabilities.
India : 2017
• Accidents – 4,64,910
• Deaths – 1,47,913
• Person Injured – 4,70,975
In Every Day :
1,274 Accidents /day and 405 Persons killed/day
In Every Hour:
53 Accidents /hr and 17 Persons killed /hr
Source:Road traffic Accidents in India 2017
www.morth.nic.in
8 September 2019 6Chengalpattu Medical College
11. Ministry of Road transport and highways
www.morth.nic.in
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 11
12. Risk Factors
1.Speed:
Pedestrians has 90% chance of surviving a car crash at
30Km/h or below.
Reducing respiratory problems associated with car
emissions
2.Drink – Driving:Blood Alcohol Concentration(BAC)of
0.05g/dl or below reducing the alcohol related crashes.
Enforcing Sobriety Check points & Random breath testing
can reduce 20%of alcohol related crashes.
8 September 2019 12Chengalpattu Medical College
13. Risk Factors Cont…
3. Motor cycle Helmets: Reduce the risk of death by 40% and risk of
severe injury by 70%
Strict Laws should be enforced
4.Seat –Belts and Child Restriants:
Reduces risk of fatality among Front seat passengers by 40-50%
Rear –seat passengers by 25-75%
5. Mobile Phone usage - 4 times the risk of crash increases
8 September 2019 13Chengalpattu Medical College
14. 6.Factors influencing exposure to risk:
Rapid motorization
Demographic factors
Transport, land use and road network planning
Increased need for travel
Choice of less safe forms of travel
7.Risk factors influencing crash involvement:
Speed
Pedestrians and cyclists
Young drivers and riders
Alcohol
Medicinal and recreational drugs
Driver fatigue
Hand-held mobile telephones
8 September 2019 14Chengalpattu Medical College
Risk factors – cont..
15. OtheRisk Factors – cont....Risk
Factors:
8.Risk factors influencing injury severity:
Lack of in-vehicle crash protection
Non-use of crash helmets by two-wheeled vehicle
users
Non-use of seat-belts and child restraints in motor
vehicles
Roadside objects
9.Risk factors influencing post-crash injury
outcome:
Pre-hospital factors
Hospital care factors
8 September 2019 15Chengalpattu Medical College
16. Reasons for more Accidents in
Developing countries
Large numbers of pedestrians and animals share the
common roadway
Large number of old , poorly maintained vehicles
Large numbers of buses often overloaded
Large number of motor cycles, scooters and mopeds
Low driving standards
Widespread disregard of traffic rules
Defective roads, poor street lighting, defective layout of
cross roads and speed breakers
Unusual behaviour of men and animals
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 16
19. RTA: Epidemiological Triad Triad
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 19
Agent: Vehicles
Environment:
Physical
status of
Road
Social context
Host:
Individual at
Risk
20. Age
Sex
Education
Medical Conditions
- Sudden illness
- Heart attack
- Impaired vision
Psychosocial factors
- lack of experience
- risk-taking
- impulsiveness
- defective judgements
- aggressiveness
- poor perception
- family dysfunction
Lack of body protection
- helmets
- safety belts
Relating to road
defective, narrow roads
defective lay out of cross roads and
speed breakers
poor lighting
lack of familiarity
Relating to vehicle
over speeding
bad maintenance
large numbers
overloading
low driving standards
Bad weather
Mixed traffic
H
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F
A
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O
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O
N
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S8 September 2019 20Chengalpattu Medical College
21. Increased vulnerability
and/or risk factors
Precipitating
factors
Emotional tension
Alcohol and drugs
Precipitating
factors
Special traffic
conditions
Social pressure
Stolen vehicles
ACCIDENT
8 September 2019 21Chengalpattu Medical College
22. Prevention of RTA Human factors Vehicle factors Environmental
factors
Pre-crash Driver experience,
fitness to drive,
driver behavior
Vehicle maintenance
& features(
electronic stability
control)
Transport systems,
road engineering,
visibility
Crash Use of protective
equipment (helmets,
seat belts, child
restraints)
Vehicle design for
impact protection
Fixed objects at
roadside, safely
barriers
Post-crash Preexisting
conditions,
emergency response
care, rehabilitation
Entrapment, fire Location, speed of
emergency response,
access to trauma
care
The Haddon matrix
8 September 2019 22Chengalpattu Medical College
26. Prevention
Data collection
Safety education
Promotion of safety measures
Alcohol and other drugs
Primary care
Elimination of causative factors
Law enforcement
Rehabilitation
Accident research
8 September 2019 26Chengalpattu Medical College
27. 1.Data collection
Basic reporting of all cases
Supplementation by national surveys
Eliciting the data about conditions and
environmental factors leading to accidents
Making Police investigation
of an accident mandatory
Vahan NR e services - www.vahan.nic.in
8 September 2019 27Chengalpattu Medical College
28. 2.Safety education
‘If Accident is a disease, Education is its vaccine’
Initiated at the school level
Educate regarding risk factors, traffic rules, safety
precautions and first aid.
8 September 2019 28Chengalpattu Medical College
29. 3.Promotion of safety measures
Seat belts
Safety helmets
Safety measures for children
Others like door locks, proper vehicle design ,air bags
and so on
8 September 2019 29Chengalpattu Medical College
30. 4.Alcohol and other drugs
Abstinence from alcohol and depressant drugs before
and during driving
Barbiturates , amphetemines and Cannabis –impairs
driving ability
Education
Law enforcement
8 September 2019 30Chengalpattu Medical College
31. 5.Primary care
Planning, organization and management of
trauma and emergency care services improved
At accident site --Transportation-Hospital
Skill of the Health Care Provider
Accident Services Organization and one fully
equipped specialised trauma care hospital in all
major cities
8 September 2019 31Chengalpattu Medical College
32. 6.Elimination of Causative factors
Improve roads
Impose speed limits
Mixed Traffic
Bad weather
Mark danger zones
Improve the Vehicle Conditions
Drunk and drive
Lack of body protection
8 September 2019 32Chengalpattu Medical College
33. 7.Enforcement of laws
Driving tests
Medical fitness to drive
Speed limits
Compulsory wearing of seat belts
Compulsory wearing of helmets
Checking for blood alcohol concentration
Road side breath analyzer,
Regular and periodic inspection of vehicles,
Periodic examination of drivers above the age of 55 yrs .
8 September 2019 33Chengalpattu Medical College
34. 8.Rehabilitation services
Medical rehabilitation
Social rehabilitation
Occupational rehabilitation
8 September 2019 34Chengalpattu Medical College
35. 9.Accident research
New field called Accidentology
1.Gathering information about Type, extent &
characteristics of accident
2.Corelating accidents with personal and environmental
factors
3.Devising measures to
alter human behaviour
make environment safe
accident control measures
8 September 2019 35Chengalpattu Medical College
36. Government Initiatives
Multi-pronged road safety programmes and initiatives
Mass awareness/ education programmes,
Engineering measures (both road and vehicle),
Enforcement of safety laws
Emergency care to road accident victims.
8 September 2019 36Chengalpattu Medical College
37. Recent Measures taken by
MoRTH
Road Engineering measures:
black spots will be identified NH and State roads and its
Rectification .
Road Safety Audits
All road development projects have provision for essential
road safety furniture: like road signs, markings, delineators
etc.
Crash barriers installed in hilly areas.
8 September 2019 37Chengalpattu Medical College
38. Recent Measures taken by MoRTH
(contd.)
Vehicular safety standards and IT enabled safety measure
Trucks prohibited from carrying protruding roads;
Anti-locking Brake System (ABS) made mandatory on
Heavy Vehicles.
Cars to have provision for fitment of at-least one child
seat.
AHO (Automatic Headlight On) made mandatory for
Two Wheelers.
Bus and truck code for safe cabins for drivers and
others.
8 September 2019 38Chengalpattu Medical College
39. Recent Measures taken by MoRTH
(contd.)
Education and Awareness
Ministry sanctioned 24 model Institutes of Driving &Training
Research (IDTR) for drivers.
Road Safety Week February 4th to 10th observed this year
for mass awareness.
Theme for this Year 2019- “Sadak Suraksha – Jeevan
Raksha”- Road safety - Life Safety
To support traffic and transport rules.
8 September 2019 39Chengalpattu Medical College
40. Recent Measures taken by MoRTH
(contd.)
Post-crash response and trauma care
“Good Samaritans” guidelines accepted by Supreme
Court – States/U.Ts requested to implement.
NHAI provide ambulances at a distance of 50-60 kms
on completed stretches of NH.
MV Amemdment Bill 2019 provide stricter penalities for
traffic offences for strengthening enforcement and
ensuring compliance:
8 September 2019 40Chengalpattu Medical College
41. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs has
been increased from ₹2,000 to ₹10,000
Rash driving/dangerous driving-₹5,000.
Speeding/Racing - ₹5000
People found driving without a seat belt can be fined
₹1,000
Driving without a helmet is a fine of ₹1,000 along with
a 3-month suspension of the offender’s driving licence.
Cashless Treatment for Road Accident Victims within
the first hour (Golden Hour) of its occurrence
8 September 2019 41Chengalpattu Medical College
42. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Overloading of 2 wheeler – ₹.2,000 and Disqualification
of licence for 3 months
Overloading of vehicle - ₹20,000 and ₹2000 / extra
tonne
Overloading of passenger - ₹1000/extra passenger
Not providing way for Emergency vehicle- ₹10,000
Driving with out insurance - ₹2000
Vehicle with out permit - ₹10,000
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 42
43. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Travelling with out a ticket in Govt Bus - ₹ 500
Violation of General road Rules - ₹500
Dis obedience of orders of authorities - ₹2000
Unauthorised use of vehicles without licence - ₹5000
Talking with mobile phone while driving –₹.5000
Aadhar card made compulsary-for getting Driving license
and vehicle registration
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 43
44. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Driving without a licence-₹.5000
Driving with out Qualification - ₹10000
Over speeding – ₹. 2000 (for Medium Passenger Vehicle)
and ₹ .1000 (for Light Motor vehicle)
Specially abled people- vehicle alteration mandatory
Oversized vehicles - ₹5000
8 September 2019 44Chengalpattu Medical College
45. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Increased Compensation for The Family of the person
died by -Hit and Run - ₹2 lakh ; for Grevious injury –
₹50,000
Inclusion of Good Samaritan Guidelines
National Transportation Policy
Recall of Vehicles
Compulsory Insurance- ₹10 lakh for deaths and ₹5 lakh
for grevious injuries
8 September 2019 45Chengalpattu Medical College
46. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Road safety Board: -
1.Standards of motor vehicles
2.Registration and licensing of vehicles
3. Standards for road safety
4.promotion of new vehicle technology
8 September 2019 Chengalpattu Medical College 46
47. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment)
Bill 2019
Recognition of Offences Committed by Juveniles:
Gaurdian/owner deemed as guilty with ₹.25000 with 3
years imprisonment ;
Registration of Motor Vehicle to be cancelled.
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49. Cont..
Automated Fitness Training for Vehicles-computer-
monitored tests for PUC (pollution under control)
certification, speedometer calibration, brake adjustment,
suspension testing and wheel alignment.
National Registry for Licenses and Registrations
Electronic surveillance on national and state highways
and urban roads.
6 months time limit for application of compensation to
the claims
Time limit for renewal of driving licence -1 month
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66. 4 E’s for Injury Prevention
Education
Envronmental modification
Enforcement of Laws
Engineering
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68. I Pledge for Road Safety
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69. References
1.www.morth.nic.in
2. Road traffic Accidents in India 2017 ,www.morth.nic.in
3.K.Park ,Park’s textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine,
25th edition.Banarsidos Bhanot Publishers, (2019),436-
440
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