This document discusses different types of riveted joints used in engineering. It describes various rivet head types and introduces common riveted joints like single and double lap joints with chain and zig-zag arrangements. Butt joints with single and double straps are also covered. The key parameters for riveted joints like pitch and spacing are defined. Different riveted joints are illustrated with diagrams.

1. RIVETED JOINTS

2. Sub Topics:
• Different types of riveted heads.
• Single riveted lap joint.
• Double riveted chain lap joint.
• Double riveted Zig-Zag lap joint.
• Single riveted single strap Butt joint.
• Single riveted double strap Butt joint.
• Double riveted double strap Butt joint.
• Double riveted double strap Zig-Zag Butt joint.

3. Introduction of Riveted Joints:
• Riveted joints are permanent fastenings and
riveting is one of the commonly used method of
producing rigid and permanent joints.
• Manufacture of Boilers, storage tanks etc…
involve joining of steel sheets, by means of
riveted joints.

4. Rivets as permanent joints:
• Often small machine components are joined together to form a larger
machine part. Design of joints is as important as that of machine
components because a weak joint may spoil the utility of a carefully
designed machine part.
• Mechanical joints are broadly classified into two classes viz., non-
permanent joints and permanent joints.
• Non-permanent joints can be assembled and dissembled without damaging
the components. Examples of such joints are threaded fasteners (like
screw-joints), keys and couplings etc.
• Permanent joints cannot be dissembled without damaging the components.
These joints can be of two kinds depending upon the nature of force that
holds the two parts. The force can be of mechanical origin, for example,
riveted joints, joints formed by press or interference fit etc, where two
components are joined by applying mechanical force. The components can
also be joined by molecular force, for example, welded joints, brazed
joints, joints with adhesives etc.

5. Rivet:
A rivet is a round rod of circular
cross-section. It consists of two
parts…Head & Shank

6. Riveting:
• Riveting is the process of forming a riveted
joint.
• For this, a rivet is first placed in the hole drilled
through the two parts to be joined. Then the
shank end is made into a rivet head by applying
pressure, when it is either in cold or hot
condition.

7. Different types of Riveted Heads:
• Various forms of rivet heads, used in general engineering
works and boiler construction and as recommended by
Bureau of Indian Standards, are shown in Fig…
• The standard proportions are also indicated in the figure.
• Snap head
• High button head
• Pan head
• Cone head
• Round top countersunk head
• Flush countersunk head
• Flat head
• Truss head

9. Important terms used in riveted joints:
• Few parameters, which are required to specify arrangement of
rivets in a riveted joint are as follows:
Pitch: It is the distance between the centers of the adjacent rivets
in the same row. It is denoted by ‘p’ and usually taken as 3d,
where d is the rivet diameter.
Row Pitch: It is the distance between two adjacent rows of rivets.
It is denoted by ‘pr’ and is given by, pr = 0.8p, for chain
riveting pr = 0.6p, for Zig-zag riveting.
Diagonal pitch: This term is usually associated with zig-zag
riveting and is denoted by ‘pd’. It is the distance between the
centre of a rivet in a row to the next rivet in the adjacent row.
Margin or marginal pitch: It is the distance from the edge of the
plate to the centre of the nearest rivet. It is usually taken as
1.5d, where d is the rivet diameter. It is denoted by ‘m’.
Back Pitch: This is the shortest distance between two successive
rows in a multiple riveted joint. (usual symbol pt or pb )

10. Types of riveted joints and joint efficiency:
• Riveted joints are mainly of two types
1. Lap joints
2. Butt joints
• Lap joints: The plates that are to be joined are brought face to
face such that an overlap exists, as shown in fig. Rivets are
inserted on the overlapping portion. Single or multiple rows
of rivets are used to give strength to the joint. Depending
upon the number of rows the riveted joints may be classified
as single riveted lap joint, double or triple riveted lap joint
etc. When multiple joints are used, the arrangement of rivets
between two neighboring rows may be of two kinds.

13. Single Riveted Lap joint:

14. Double Riveted chain Lap joint:

15. Double Riveted Zig-Zag Lap joint:

19. • Butt Joint: In this type of joint, the plates are
brought to each other without forming any overlap.
Riveted joints are formed between each of the plates
and one or two cover plates. Depending upon the
number of cover plates the butt joints may be single
strap or double strap butt joints.

22. Single Riveted single strap Butt joint:

23. Single Riveted double strap Butt joint:

24. Double Riveted double strap Butt joint: