This document provides information and guidance about revision in the writing process. It discusses what revision means, where it takes place, and why it is important. Revision is looking at the "big picture" of a paper to improve unity and coherence. Unity refers to how each part of an essay relates to the central thesis. Coherence means the clear relationship between sentences through logical ordering and smooth transitions. The document offers tips for checking unity and coherence, such as following the "old/new contract" where each new sentence begins with older information and adds something new.
Part 1 of a 2-day workshop to introduce style in technical communication. Presented to beginning students of technical communication on December 1, 2009 at Kyung Hee University in Suwon, South Korea.
Part 1 of a 2-day workshop to introduce style in technical communication. Presented to beginning students of technical communication on December 1, 2009 at Kyung Hee University in Suwon, South Korea.
What is paragraph writing? (introduction of paragraph writing.)
Writing is a great skill that makes a person perfect and courageous to opt the writing as a profession. If a person has fast and perfect writing skills can earn a better amount of money. Indeed. She/he can have a wonderful position in society. Whereas, paragraph writing is one of the basic and essential parts of writing. Whether a writer writes a story, an email, or a formal report must be having knowledge about the fundamental writing of paragraphs. As there is a good quote “a good reader is a good writer” So, you must be having knowledge before writing anything. The English language has gotten 4 pillars (writing, reading, listening, and speaking) which are really necessary. So in this article, we are going to learn about academic paragraph writing, the tips to write a good paragraph, and its importance. This lesson is really helpful for becoming a good writer.
A brief explanation of paragraph writing.
Definition: A paragraph can be a collection of sentences talking about one title. So, it is the combination of related sentences that will talk about one specific title. A paragraph generally contains many sentences that have a relation with each other, and they provide specific details, examples, or evidence of the main idea. Throughout paragraph writing, we need to clarify and organize information into clear, concise units of thought. A strong and effective paragraph must be having coherence, unity, and the development of the main idea, and it must convey the required meaning and should be readable and accessible to the reader.
Note: In the above definition I have mentioned the related sentences which means all the sentences which come in a paragraph should have connections with each other. They are needed to support each other.
Importance of paragraph writing in written communication
So far we know that Paragraph writing is an essential component of written communication and it helps to compile information and ideas in a clear, concise (brief), and readable. What are the important tips we must be aware of while writing a good paragraph? The following are some of the reasons why paragraph writing is important in written communication:
Clarity and Coherence:
Improved Readability:
Effective Communication:
Emphasis and Importance.
13Title of Your EssayYour First and Last Name.docxaulasnilda
1
3
Title of Your Essay
Your First and Last Name
Ashford University
Course Code: Name of Course (e.g. ENG 122: English Composition II)
Instructor Name
Due Date
Title of Your Essay
Start the first paragraph here, which should introduce your reader to the subject you are writing about, as well as your particular position or claim. Do not label it “Introduction.” Instead, simply write your paper’s title as a level 1 heading: bold, centered, with title case. To learn more about what an introduction should include and what to include in a conclusion, please see the following resource: Introductions & Conclusions. You can use this template to help you format your paper. For longer papers, include level headings.
The Writing Process
Spend time planning your paper. A good practice is to brainstorm ideas and decide how to express the main idea or thesis, this is part of entering the scholarly conversation. Once you have a rough idea of what you want to discuss or argue, create an outline or list to help you organize the evidence you plan to present.
Writing the Body Paragraphs
Each paragraph of your assignment should be clear and easy to follow. We have several good resources to help you write a strong paragraph, such as How to Write a Good Paragraph page and the Integrating Research page.
Level 2 Heading (Bold, Flush Left, Title Case)
Level headings can be placed anywhere in your paper as a way to classify or organize your paper into sections. There are five levels; the first three levels are more commonly used in graduate-level assignments, whereas levels four and five may be used in longer papers (e.g., dissertation). Use level 2 headings to break level 1 into categories, level 3 to break up level 2, and so on. Do not move to a lower level of heading if there is only one section. As a general rule, check with your instructor about formatting expectations.
Level 3 Heading (Bold, Flush Left, Italic, Title Case)
Likewise, to show your readers where the paragraph begins when using a level 3 heading would be a great idea.
Level 4 Heading (Bold, Indented, Title Case). In longer papers, you may use a level 4 heading to create even further subsections. In this case, note that the paragraph begins directly after a period on the same line as the level 4 heading. The level 5 headings follow the exact same conventions, only they would also be italicized.
Using Citations Correctly
In addition to being well-written, each paragraph should include an in-text citation to all information summarized, paraphrased, or quoted from outside sources. The Writing Center provides many resources to help you follow correct citation style and gives lessons and examples of how to paraphrase and cite sources. The Introduction to APA 7th Edition page is a good place to start.
Using Tables, Graphs, Images, and Appendices
For some papers and reports, you may choose to add a table, graph, or image
within the body of the draft. Or you may choose to include an appendix at t ...
Advice from the Effective Writing CenterTO Denise Ga.docxcoubroughcosta
Advice from the Effective Writing Center
TO: Denise Gallimore-Allen
FROM: Joan Mitcheil
DATE: April 1, 2019
SUBJECT: Collaboration
Congratulations on your progress in writing this assignment for ASCM 632.
My name is Joan, and it’s my pleasure to work with you today. Writing is both an art and a science; we will work on some important cornerstones to help ground you. Before we begin, let’s review a few important guidelines and resources:
· Students may submit one request for advice (either written feedback or live online advising) every 48 hours.
· You are welcome to come to the Effective Writing Center for help at any stage in the writing process, whether you are just getting started an assignment or want feedback on a rough draft.
· Resources to help you revise your writing assignment are hyperlinked within this letter and in the More Resources section at the end.
· Before reading this advice, please review the writing that you submitted. We’ve pasted your draft at the end of this advice letter.
At the EWC we are attentive readers who help you improve as a writer by explaining and modeling effective writing skills. For a more detailed discussion of our services, please click this link and visit the Effective Writing Center web site.
Are You Interested in More Help?
Schedule a Live Advising Appointment!
· The Effective Writing Center also offers live, online advising via teleconference. You can submit an appointment request through the MyUMUC portal.
Attend an Online Workshop!
· The EWC hosts monthly live workshops in Google Hangouts. Our complete calendar is available here.
Join the Google+ Community!
· Join the UMUC Effective Writing Center Google+ community. Here, all UMUC students and faculty members can find resources to help students improve their writing. Whether you are a student who needs your paper reviewed or a faculty member who would like us to provide a guest lecture on writing for your class, the EWC is here to help. Click here to join!
Advice Overview
Denise, we will discuss the following strategies that can help you to strengthen your paper:
· thesis statement
· paragraph structure
· APA style formatting
As I work with your review, I will use green to highlight your work and red for my suggestions, so that you will be able to see any revisions. I hope this proves helpful. Also included will be websites dealing with the area under discussion for you to check out for further reference.
Although we will cover revisions and rules, your professor’s instructions always take precedence over any advice you receive from the EWC. If you have any questions, refer to your assignment guidelines first and don’t hesitate to ask your professor to clarify any unanswered questions.
Assignment Management
Denise, I thank you for submitting most of the assignment requirements. Our goal is to ensure that your paper meets your professor’s assignment requirements as closely as possible, so this information is a.
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2. Writing PromptWriting Prompt
Take the next five minutes and write about the
following:
What would you like your life to be like five years
from now in the year 2017? What steps are you taking
to make this happen?
3. RevisionRevision
What does revision mean?
To See Again
Where does revision take place in the Writing
Process?
After drafting and before editing
Why is revision so important?
We learn to write by rewriting. Revision gives us
the opportunity to construct the “perfect” piece of
communication.
Why do we call it “global” Revision?
We are looking at the “big picture” of the paper.
4. UnityUnity
Unity refers to each part of the essay and the larger whole
A unified paper shows a clear relationship between the
thesis statement and topic sentences and between the
topic sentences and supporting sentences in the
paragraph.
An entire paper focused on supporting a central point is a
unified paper.
5. UnityUnity
How do we check for unity?
Read over each of the topic sentences (the main idea and
usually first sentence in the paragraph), and see if the topic
sentences support or amplify the thesis statement.
Also, check the “internal unity” of the paper. In each
paragraph, do the supporting sentences or detail sentences
relate back to the topic sentence?
6. UnityUnity
A unified essay will have all the elements of an essay,
including:
1. Introduction paragraph with a thesis statement
2.Body paragraphs with topic sentences connected
back to the thesis statement
3.A conclusion paragraph connected back to the thesis
statement
7. Introduction ParagraphsIntroduction Paragraphs
Coherent introduction paragraphs typically use the
following model:
1. Begin with an “attention grabber” first sentence
2.Explain the question or topic being explored
3.Provide background information
4.Use a clear thesis statement to give your readers an
overview of your paper
8.
9. CoherenceCoherence
Coherence in writing is the clear relationship between one sentence
and the next. Each sentence should lead to the next sentence.
Coherence is achieved through the logical ordering of the sentences
within the paragraphs and through the creation of smooth transitions
between the sentences and paragraphs.
10. CoherenceCoherence
Ask yourself…
1. Does this point unmistakably follow from the
previous idea?
2. Is this point really clear?
3. Should the ideas be ordered in a different
way?
11. Old/New Contract
An effective way to create coherence in your writing
is to follow something called the old/new contract.
This “contract” asks that as a writer you begin your
sentences with something old—something that links
to what was previously stated—and then to end
with something new.
Adapted from the following book:
Ramage, John, John Bean, June Johnson. The Allyn & Bacon Guide to Writing. New York: Longman, 2003. Print.
12. Old/New Contract
How do you connect old ideas to new ideas?
1. Repeat a key word
2. Use a pronoun to substitute for a key word
3. Summarize or restate an earlier concept.
13. Old/New Contract
Which sentence follows the old/new contract? Remember, this
means that old information is followed by new information.
1.College students have many responsibilities. These responsibilities
include attending class, completing assignments, and maintaining a
high GPA, all of which are characteristics of successful students.
2. College students have many responsibilities. Attending class,
completing assignments, and maintaining a high GPA are
characteristics of successful students.
14. Old/New Contract
Which sentence follows the old/new contract? Remember, this
means that old information is followed by new information.
1.College students have many responsibilities. These responsibilities
include attending class, completing assignments, and maintaining a
high GPA, all of which are characteristics of successful students.
2. College students have many responsibilities. Attending class,
completing assignments, and maintaining a high GPA are
characteristics of successful students.
15. Old/New Contract Exercise
Compare the two sample paragraphs.
1.Which paragraph is easier to understand?
2.Which paragraph follows the old/new contract?
3.Underline the key words, pronouns, or
restatements of earlier concepts in the paragraph
that follows the old/new contract.
16. Old New Contract
Another principle for writing coherent essays is the
old/new contract. The old/new contract asks writers to
begin sentences with something old—something that
links to what has gone on before—and then end
sentences with new information that advances their
argument. This principle creates an effect called
coherence, which is closely related to unity. Whereas
unity refers to the clear relationship between the body
of a paragraph and its topic sentence and between
the parts and the whole, coherence refers to the clear
relationship between one sentence and the next,
between part and part.
Adapted from the following book:
Ramage, John, John Bean, June Johnson. The Allyn & Bacon Guide to Writing. New York: Longman, 2003. Print.
Old/New Contract
17. Old/New Contract
An often-overlooked dimension of being good
fathers is play. From their children’s birth through
adolescence, fathers tend to emphasize play more than
caretaking. This may be troubling to egalitarian
feminists, and it would indeed be wise for most fathers to
spend more time caretaking. Although caretaking is
important, the father’s style of play seems to have
unusual significance as well. It is likely to be both
physically stimulating and exciting. Being physically
stimulating and exciting involves teamwork that requires
the competitive testing of physical and mental skills with
older children. This form of play frequently resembles an
apprenticeship or teaching relationship: Come on, let me
show you how.
Adapted from the following book:
Ramage, John, John Bean, June Johnson. The Allyn & Bacon Guide to Writing. New York: Longman, 2003. Print.
18. Checklist for Structural RevisionChecklist for Structural Revision
__ Are there clear introduction, body, and
conclusion paragraphs?
__Does the introduction provide enough
background for the reader?
__Is there a clear thesis statement?
__Is the essay unified? Do the topic sentences
support the thesis statement? Do the detail
sentences support the topic sentence?
__Is the essay coherent? Do the sentences in
the paragraph follow the old/new contract?
19. Revising your FreewriteRevising your Freewrite
Now that you’ve had practice with revision for unity
and coherence, take a look at your free write and
make sure that your sentences are coherent, that
they follow the old/new contract!
20. SourcesSources
Fawcett, Susan and Alvin Sandberg. Grassroots with Readings. New York: Houghton
Mifflin 1998. Print.
Neman, Beth. Teaching Students to Write. New York: Oxford Press, 1980. Print.
Ramage, John, John Bean, June Johnson. The Allyn & Bacon Guide to Writing. New York:
Longman, 2003. Print.