The document provides an overview of the key elements of writing an effective essay. It discusses what an essay is, why we write essays, recognizing general and specific topics, the components of paragraphs and essays, developing a thesis statement, writing an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. It also covers different types of essays such as descriptive, narrative, cause and effect, comparison/contrast, and persuasive essays. The document serves as a guide for students on how to structure and write various types of essays.
Learn the basics of essay writing with the help of simple and straightforward presentations. This one focuses on the building blocks of the essay's introductory paragraph: the subject and the thesis.
Learn the basics of essay writing with the help of simple and straightforward presentations. This one focuses on the building blocks of the essay's introductory paragraph: the subject and the thesis.
This powerpoint presentation helps the viewers about the definition of the type of writing: Literary Writing. It also teaches about the description and the format of how to write an Academic Writing.
This presentation is to let all the students out there know about the significance of the narrative essay writing. Writing a narrative essay is of great problem for many students on both college and university level and this is something we all had been through http://www.papermoz.co.uk/theses/
This powerpoint presentation helps the viewers about the definition of the type of writing: Literary Writing. It also teaches about the description and the format of how to write an Academic Writing.
This presentation is to let all the students out there know about the significance of the narrative essay writing. Writing a narrative essay is of great problem for many students on both college and university level and this is something we all had been through http://www.papermoz.co.uk/theses/
The Uni Tutor was established with the objective of providing 1st Class Essays to students across the world, in particular in the UK, US, Australia, US, and Canada.
1 Summary Assignment Rakesh Mittoo 1 THE UNIVE.docxjeremylockett77
1
Summary Assignment Rakesh Mittoo
1
THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA
Inter-Departmental Correspondence
DATE: September 4, 2019
TO: All Communication Students in GMGT 2010, Sections A01-A04
FROM: Rakesh Mittoo, Instructor
SUBJECT: Summary Assignment
For this assignment, you will be writing a summary of the chapter “Knowing Yourself”
excerpted from Warren Bennis’s book On Becoming a Leader. Your summary should be
approximately 550 words.
A summary is a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a source—a passage, an
article, a chapter, or a book. This restatement should focus on the central idea of the source, and,
therefore, a summary can be only one or two sentences long. A longer, more complete,
summary, which is the kind you will be crafting, will state the central idea of the source and
include the main ideas that support or explain the central idea. It may even refer to some
important illustrative examples.
A summary is hierarchical in structure, for it begins with the most important central idea,
followed by the supporting ideas and examples. A good summary will even reflect the order in
which the ideas are presented in the source. In this summary, condense the ideas in this chapter
as completely as possible and mirror its organization as well.
To read this chapter (or any article) and produce the draft of your summary, use the following
strategies:
Reading
Write in the margins as you read the article. Jot down brief notes that identify content and
summarize or explain ideas.
Don’t highlight unimportant details, examples, or redundancies.
Locate and underline the thesis or central idea of the article. If you can’t locate an obvious
thesis statement, write one that states the central idea.
Then, identify the major topic divisions/sections of the article. Subject headings may be
useful guides to this organization. Highlight all of the supporting ideas in each section.
2
Summary Assignment Rakesh Mittoo
2
Writing the Draft
- Begin your summary by referring to the author and the title, and by writing down the
thesis/central idea in your own words.
- Following this information, give a brief summary of each major section of the article,
condensing the supporting ideas.
- Select a few significant, illustrative examples or specifics that support the main ideas.
- Write the summary, imitating the organizational pattern of the article/chapter.
Editing Strategies
- Use vivid and exact language to make your summary clear and interesting. Refer to the
thesaurus, if necessary.
- Use effective transitional expressions between statements within a paragraph and between
paragraphs.
- Use present tense in referring to the author and the article. For instance, the “author states”
instead of the “author stated”; the “article contains” instead of the “article contained.”
- In your first r ...
Term Research PaperOne of the primary goals of this course is to.docxmehek4
Term Research Paper
One of the primary goals of this course is to give students a broad understanding of the different components and the current state of the criminal justice system. Given however the number of components and the complexity of topics in the criminal justice field, another aim of this course is to guide students into becoming experts in one or more very specific areas.
*You are expected to work independently on this paper throughout the duration of the course (this paper should be a work in progress throughout the term, if left until the end, it will conflict with your other exams/assignments). For this paper, each student is required to identify one specific topic of their interest and write a term paper. THE TOPIC FOR YOUR TERM PAPER CAN EITHER FOCUS ON AN ISSUE (e.g. the low ratio of women to men as state police officers, the use of bail as a proxy for discrimination based on race and poverty), OR SIMPLY DESCRIBE THE HISTORY/CURRENT STATE OF A CERTAIN AREA OF A COMPONENT OF THE SYSTEM (e.g. the police’s use of recording devices, riots in prisons, work programs in prison, increased militarization of the police). BE SURE TO SPECIFY IN YOUR PAPER, WHICH OF THESE TWO GOALS YOU ARE TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH. Finding a topic that is narrow is crucial (e.g. officers accepting small gratuities, media coverage of mass murders). A large and vague topic is likely to produce a vague and low quality paper (e.g. discrimination in the CJ system is a large an vague topic). YOU MUST, PERSONALLY, OR THROUGH EMAIL, CONFIRM YOUR TOPIC WITH ME BY THE END OF THE THIRD WEEK OF THE COURSE.
First, introduce this topic (i.e., introduce the topic to a casual reader), being sure to present evidence (from the literature) that supports your conclusion that the problem is worthy of concern (How serious is the problem? How common is the problem? And so on). This section should be about a page. Then summarize the available literature on the topic. It is wise to organize this review with appropriate subheadings to help you organize this information (e.g. historical overview, the role of certain key issues such as race or gender, as they relate to your topic, the role of policy, or whatever subheadings best fit your topic). Your review of the literature should constitute at least 5-6 pages of your paper. The last section of your paper—the discussion, should summarize the findings in your literature review and should include your own conclusion regarding your topic. This section gives you the opportunity to add your own opinion, based of course on what you have found in the literature.
Your paper should have at least 8 scholarly sources (most of which will be journal articles or books) cited throughout the paper, and contain a bibliography at the end.
As we review each week's chapters, I highly suggest being on the lookout for possible topics for your paper. As soon as you have one, email me so that I can approve it. Note: You may also identify topics from f ...
1 Requirements for the Term Paper Psychology 2.docxhoney725342
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Requirements for the Term Paper
Psychology 209: Life Cycle Development
TOPIC: The topic of the paper must be related to one of the issues discussed in the area of human
life cycle development.
RESEARCH: (1) The student needs to propose a theme or an argument for this paper and explain how
the chosen topic reflects, or is related to, an important issue in the area of human life
cycle development. (2) Your paper must address one of these two Student Learning
Outcomes: (a) Identify the specific genetic and environmental influences (such as
socio-economic status, gender, race, ethnicity, English language learners, special
needs, culture, religion, schools, media, peers, and family) on physical, cognitive,
social, and emotional development. (b) Describe variables underlying socio-
economic status, racial, ethnic, and gender differences in lifespan development
The student is expected to do some original literature research, which means the student
cannot simply quote studies reported in a textbook or someone else’s paper (even though
they can serve as good leads for your own research). The student is expected to read and
summarize two original research psychology journal articles, published within the last
15 years, on a topic chosen by the student. The references should be listed in the
References section at the end of the paper (on a separate page), following the APA
format.
The best place to find peer-reviewed articles for your paper is through HACC’s eLibary:
You can go to: www.hacc.edu Library Find : Articles & Databases
“PsycArticles” or “ProQuest” or “PsycINFO”, etc. (You will need to enter your HACC
id and PIN at this point.). In PsycArticles, you should “Limit Your Results” by selecting
“Full text”, and “Scholarly (Peer Reviewed) Journals.
HACC’s eLibrary also has a psychology guide for psychology students:
http://libguides.hacc.edu/psychologyguide You will find the APA format information
under the “APA Citations” tab.
LENGTH
& FORMAT: The paper must be typed, double-spaced, and at least 6 pages in length (not counting the
cover page and References page, but no more than 8 pages). The print font used should
be either size 10 or size 12. The margins on all four sides should be one inch.
The general organization of the paper and the citations of references should follow the
APA format (copy of APA Manual is available in our library). In the APA format, the
paper should consist of sections such as synopsis, method, results, and discussion. These
sections (except synopsis) should be clearly labeled, and follow the right sequence.
Please see the sample outline on p.2. In the final Discussion section of the paper, the
student is expected to summarize the two studies cited, evaluate the findings, state your
own views/suggestions, and draw some conclusions, which should be relevant to the
...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2. What is an Essay?
An organized piece of writing that focuses on a
single topic
Organized around a general idea or thesis
Thesis develops from all the main ideas in the
supporting paragraphs
Paragraphs that develop the thesis are the body of
the essay
Begins with an introduction
Ends with a concluding paragraph
3. Why Write an Essay?
Writing an essay helps you express your
ideas more clearly and effectively
It helps you to convey much information
in a small amount of space
They can be entertaining by recounting
interesting stories about ourselves and
others.
A required part of almost all college
courses.
4. Recognizing General and Specific
General- Big and Inclusive
Specific- Smaller and more exact or
precise
Example
General 1. Mammals
to 2. Human Beings
Specific 3. Females
4. Mary
5. The following chart compares the
elements of paragraphs and essays
Paragraph
Organized around
main idea
Introductory
sentence
Developed by
supporting details
Concluding sentence
Essay
Organized around a
thesis
Introductory
paragraph
Developed by
supporting body
paragraphs
Concluding
paragraph
6. Thesis
Thesis
What you are writing about and supporting
throughout your essay?
Like the main idea of a paragraph, it’s a
generalization and includes all paragraphs
in your essay
7. Thesis Statement
A sentence in the essay that states the
thesis
Usually expressed in the first paragraph,
as part of the introduction
Should be “just right”
Not too general or it will not provide
adequate direction for the essay
Not too specific or it will be difficult to
develop into a series of related paragraphs
8. Thesis Statement-Examples
Topic: Controlling our children
Too General Thesis: Children must be disciplined.
Too specific thesis: Teachers have a role in the
discipline of children.
Precise thesis: By using disciplinary techniques,
parents, teachers, and police are the main agents
for controlling children
Provides three groups to discuss, general enough to allow
for the development of several main ideas and specific
enough to give the essay structure and organization
9. Thesis Statement-Example
By using disciplinary techniques, parents,
teachers, and police are the main agents
responsible for controlling children.
Main Idea 1: There are a variety of techniques available to
parents who are willing to take responsibility for
disciplining their children
Main Idea 2: Teachers are also important agents of
discipline for children in today’s society.
Main Idea 3: If criminal behavior is involved, police take
the responsibility to control children through the legal
system.
WRITING A PRECISE THESIS STATEMENT
IS THE KEY STEP IN DEVELOPING AN
EFFECTIVE ESSAY
10. Introduction to an Essay-
Introductory Paragraph
The first part of an essay
The reader’s first contact with the topic from your
perspective – First impressions!
Major influence on the reader’s desire to keep
reading
Reader begins to evaluate the essay, based on
the introduction
11. Attention Getters for Introductory
Paragraphs
Strategy
Provide some interesting
background about the topic in
the form of a general
statement
Use a thought-provoking
quotation
Ask a question about your
topic
State a surprising fact or a
puzzling statement
Examples
Today’s children become
tomorrow’s leaders.
“Adolescence is not a stage of
life, it is a disease!”
Dr. S. Rosner
Why don’t children want to be
controlled by adults?
Teenagers join gangs,
because they need the
support of a family.
12. Attention Getters for Introductory
Paragraphs
Strategy
State a common
misconception
Describe a problem
Give an analogy
Show how the topic is
related to the reader’s
experience
Examples
Children don’t learn bad
habits from adults.
Everyone knows what a
problem juvenile
delinquency has become
in our society.
Children are just like
animals.
Most people know how
difficult it is to raise
children.
13. Introductory Paragraph
Make a bridge to connect the attention
getting sentence(s) to your thesis
statement
Common way to make a bridge is to explain
why the topic is important. For example:
Controlling the behavior of children is one of
society’s most important tasks.
Conclude introductory paragraph with the
most important idea of the essay-THE
THESIS STATEMENT
14. Introductory Paragraph
Example
Controlling our children
1.Most people knows what a social problem juvenile delinquency has
become. 2. Without proper control, children will run wild and create a danger
to themselves and everyone around them. 3. Controlling children’s behavior
is one of the most important tasks in today’s society. 4. By using discipline
techniques, parents, teachers, and police are the main agents responsible for
controlling children.
1. Attention Getter-Stating problem
2. Attention Getter-General Statement
3. Bridge or transition sentence
4. Thesis sentence
15. Body of an Essay
Set of paragraphs that develop the idea
expressed in the thesis statement.
Make a list of main ideas that support the thesis
statement. Each main idea becomes the main idea
sentence for a body paragraph.
Arrange the main ideas in logical order (time, place,
importance)
Plan out each body paragraph by listing major details that
support each main idea
Order the details within each paragraph in a logical way.
Each body paragraph may end with a concluding
sentence.
16. Essay Outline
Thesis Statement
By using discipline techniques, parents, teachers, and police are the main agents responsible for controlling our
children.
Body Paragraph 1
Main Idea Sentence 1: There are a variety of techniques available to parents who are willing to take
responsibility of disciplining their children.
Major Details: 1. Give rewards
2. Punish bad behavior
3. Be consistent and reasonable
Body Paragraph 2
Main idea sentence 2: Teachers are also important agents of discipline.
Major Details: 1. Direct communication
2. Nonverbal communication
3. Grades
Body paragraph 3
Main Idea Sentence 3: If criminal behavior is involved, police will take the responsibility to control children
through the legal system.
Major Details: 1. Various forms of punishment
2. Advising parents of the children’s behavior
3. Setting and enforcing curfews
17. Essay
Writing stage
After planning and arranging your main ideas and
major details, begin writing your body paragraphs.
The number of paragraphs depends on the topic’s
complexity, inclusiveness, and your purpose for
writing.
Usually a short essay contains 3 to 5 body
paragraphs, plus an introductory and a concluding
paragraph
Remember to use signal words to make smooth
transitions between sentences and paragraphs.
18. Signal/Transition Words
For examples: For example, for instance, to
illustrate
For organization or chronological order: The
six steps are…, next, finally first, secondly,
third
For additional points: Furthermore, in addition,
also, moreover
For opposing ideas: On the other hand, in
contrast, although, however
For similar ideas: Likewise, similarly, in
comparison
19. Signal/Transition Words
For exceptions: However, nevertheless, but,
yet, still
For emphasis: Above all, finally, more
importantly
For understanding: In other words, in essence,
briefly
For summarizing: In conclusion, to sum up, for
these reasons, in a nutshell
For exams: Remember this, this is important,
this could be on the test
20. Essay-Body Paragraph
1)There are a variety of techniques available to
parents who are willing to take the responsibility of
disciplining their children. 2)Most of these methods
involve a combination of rewards and punishments.
3)Rewarded behaviors will be repeated by children;
therefore, rewards should be given for behaviors that
are acceptable. 4)Unacceptable behavior should be
punished in some way. 5)Try to make the punishment
fit the seriousness of the behavior. 6)Be reasonable;
but be consistent, too. 7)Consistency and fairness are
the key elements when it comes to rewarding and
punishing children.
21. Body Paragraph Analysis
1- Main idea sentence
2- Major detail, classifies discipline into two
major categories – reward and punishment
3,4,5- Minor details that elaborate about the
two major categories of discipline. The signal
word therefore is used to clarify relationships
and make transitions between ideas.
6- Major detail, states a major rule of
discipline – be consistent and reasonable
7- Concluding sentence
22. Body Paragraphs
Provide the content of the essay
Each paragraph should be unique,
including different facts and opinions, as
appropriate
Like any paragraph, should be unified
around a main idea and arranged
coherently
23. Conclusion of an Essay
Purpose: To leave the reader with a positive
impression, a sense of completeness, and the
inclination to think about the topic
Usually a short, single paragraph
Should not give more information about the
topic – that should be done in the body of the
essay
Should follow logically from the body of the
essay
24. Concluding Paragraph
Can be a restatement of the thesis
Can use signal words, such as in
conclusion, in summary, or in closing
Restate your thesis statement in
different words
Write some thought-provoking
comments about your topic stating your
opinion, judgment, or recommendations
25. Concluding Paragraph - Example
1)With proper discipline at home and at
school, children can be controlled. 2) Parents
and teachers can do the job before police
action is necessary. 3)Maybe many children
are out of control because not enough people
take the responsibility seriously. 4)In
conclusion, controlling children is one of the
most important social responsibilities for
adults.
26. Concluding Paragraph - Example
1- Partial restatement of the thesis
statement
2- A conclusion that clarifies the thesis
3- An opinion about the nature of society
which may motivate some readers to
read more about this topic
4- A concluding remark about the
importance of the topic
27. The Revision and Editing Process
The process of reviewing and rewriting to
make your ideas more logical, understandable,
and interesting to your readers
Involves crossing out some material, adding
other information, and rearranging material
Two main aspects of the Revision Process
Revision through reading
Revision through collaboration
28. Revising and Editing through
Reading
As you read to revise, keep in mind
Your purpose for writing
Your audience
To carefully read multiple times – with
each rereading you will probably find ways
to improve your essay
29. Revising and Editing through
Collaboration
A way of finding out what other readers think
about your essay
May become aware of problems that you have
not noticed
Can get suggestions for improving
organization, clarity of ideas; including
grammar, punctuation, spelling and usage
FINAL DRAFT – SHOULD BE NEAT AND AS
ERROR FREE AS POSSIBLE
30. Descriptive Essays
Descriptive – To create a picture of a person, place, or
object by using descriptive language that includes all
five senses
Sight – The pudgy, brown-haired instructor
sauntered into the room.
Hearing – The explosion’s earth-shattering boom
could be heard for miles.
Smell – As we crept into the dank basement a musty,
putrid odor surrounded us.
Taste – The unusual dish was as tart as lemon.
Touch – The cat’s soft smooth fur was velvet to the
touch.
31. Narrative Essays
Relate events that have happened – tell a
story
Contains dialogue
A large part of everyday conversation
Common Elements:
Who - Characters
What happens –Plot or events
Where and When – Setting
Why it happened – Motives, conflicts
How it turned out – Resolution
The big idea – Thesis or Theme
32. Cause and Effect Essays
May include only the causes, only the
effects
Multiple causes and effects
Chains of cause and effects
Causes Effects
Why did it happen? The result?
What are the reasons? The consequences?
33. Comparison and Contrast Essays
To bring two or more person, places,
objects, or ideas together for closer
examination
Compare – Consider similarities
Contrast – Consider only differences
Comparison-contrast – Consider both
similarities and differences
34. Classification Essays
A type of analysis in which you classify
information-organize or sort it into appropriate
categories
Consider how you want to classify the topic
These categories will be the basis for the details
you will include
Make sure you create useful and meaningful
categories
It is useful to create a chart to plan out your
categories
35. Problem – Solution Essay
Involves careful analysis, planning, and
organization
Is it a personal, social, psychological, economic,
political, or other type of problem?
What is my goal or objective?
What are possible solutions?
What are advantages or disadvantages of each
solution? Use a chart to keep track of your analysis
Which solution is best and why?
How do I know my solution will work? Has it been
tried? How can it be implemented and evaluated?
36. Persuasive Essays
An attempt to convince others to share your opinion
Suggestions
State your opinion on an issue as the thesis
statement
Make a list of the reasons that you believe
your position is correct or true
Present each reason as the main idea statement for a body
paragraph
37. Mixed Pattern Essays
Most essays you read and write will
contain a combination of the types of
essays that have been described.
Once you identify your topic and
purpose for writing, you can choose the
essay pattern or combination of patterns
that will help you write more effectively.