This document provides a review of key vocabulary terms for a 9th week exam, including definitions of ethics, responsibility, communication, sender, message, receiver, feedback, communication barriers, verbal and nonverbal communication, symbols, confidence, stage fright, fear, phobias, passive and active listening, hearing, listening, appreciative, discriminative, empathetic, and critical listening. It also defines propaganda, testimonials, false comparisons, bandwagon appeals, rate, pitch, monotone, voice inflection, volume, articulation, pronunciation, platform movement, proxemics, gestures, posture, advance organizers, cultural literacy, anecdotes, quotations, and thesis.

1. Review for 9 Weeks Test 1st 9 Weeks Exam

2. Vocabulary Ethics A person’s sense of right and wrong Responsibility Being accountable for your actions and doing what you say you will do Communication The process of sending and receiving messages Sender The person who sends the message

3. Vocabulary Message What is sent, or in a speech, what is said Receiver The person who intercepts and interprets the message Feedback The reaction given to the sender by the receiver

4. Vocabulary Communication barrier Any obstacle that gets in the way of effective communication Written Communication Any communication that must be read Verbal Communication Spoken communication

5. Vocabulary Nonverbal Communication Attitudes about something expressed through facial expressions and body movements Symbols Anything that stands for an idea and is used for communication Confidence The feeling you have when you believe you are capable of handling a situation successfully

6. Vocabulary Stage Fright When a person is afraid to speak, especially in public situations Fear A biological process by which animals, including humans, secure the necessary energy to do a job that really matters – one that might potentially result in physical and/or psychological injury

7. Vocabulary Phobia A persistent, irrational fear Passive Listeners People who let speakers do all the work, tolerate distractions, and pay more attention to how someone looks or talks rather than their message

8. Vocabulary Hearing An automatic reaction of the senses and nervous system Listening The process of understanding what was said Listening Spare Time The fact that we hear about 6 times faster than we can speak

9. Vocabulary Appreciative Listening When we enjoy music, a bird chirping, or the sound of the running water of a stream Discriminative Listening What we use when we want to single out one particular sound in a noisy environment Empathetic Listening Encourages people to talk freely without fear of embarrassment

10. Vocabulary Critical Listening Evaluates what is heard and decides if the message is logical, worthwhile, or has value Propaganda Material designed to distort the truth or deceive the audience Testimonials “You should agree with me because these celebrities do!!”

11. Vocabulary False Comparisons Comparing unlike things such as apples with oranges Jump on the Bandwagon “Everyone’s doing it…you should too!!!” Explore Think ahead of the speaker Analyze Think about what is said

12. Vocabulary Review Review what has been said Search Be alert for hidden messages Power Source The energy that makes things go Phonation Voice production

13. Vocabulary Rate The speed at which we speak Pitch The vocal notes that you hit while speaking Monotone When you deliver all of your words methodically; at almost the same rate and pitch Voice Inflection Altering you vocal tone or your pitch

14. Vocabulary Volume The loudness or softness of your voice Articulation The crispnessor distinctness with which we say the syllables in a word Pronunciation Saying the sounds of a word properly and stressing the correct syllable or syllables

15. Vocabulary Platform Movement Walking in a purposeful manner from one spot to another while speaking Proxemics How much physical space you leave between you and your audience Gestures Actions in which the body or parts of the body move to express an idea or emotion

16. Vocabulary Posture The position of the body when it is still Advance Organizers Statements that tell the audience what to expect Cultural Literacy The ability to recognize and understand information that an average adult can be expected to know

17. Vocabulary Anecdote A brief story that illustrates a point Quotation The selection of someone else’s words repeated exactly or verbatim, usually with the acknowledgment of the source Thesis Statement of purpose