This document provides an overview of research methodology. It discusses the concept of research and defines it as an organized set of activities to study and solve realistic problems supported by literature and data. The document outlines different types of research, including exploratory, conclusive, modeling, and algorithmic research. It also discusses research objectives such as gaining new insights, determining frequencies, understanding social behaviors, and testing hypotheses. The document provides examples of factors that can impact consumer demand and the objective of identifying optimal production levels. It introduces key concepts like research methodology, meaning of research, and objectives of research.

1. Research Methodology
By
Dr. Neha Gupta
Assistant Professor
SGT University, Gurugram

2. Learning Objectives
• From this unit students learn about the concept
of research, research methodology, and types of
research.

3. Research
 The economy of a country is controlled by several
factors, viz., population size, industrial activities,
agriculture, policies of its government, culture of the
people, educational system, infrastructure facilities,
etc.
▫ The productivity of different organizations can be
improved through several research studies.
▫ Take the case of a consumer non-durable, like a
toothpaste. The main factors which affect the
demand of brand-X toothpaste are:

4. Research
• Ingredients of the toothpaste
• Taste of the toothpaste
• Selling price per unit
• Size of the population
• Income level of people
• Number of competing brands
• Locations of consumers
▫ The objective of the company is to identify the
optimal level of production of the toothpaste by
taking the above factors into account such that the
overall productivity is maximized.

5. What is Research?
One can visualize the fact that a detailed study is
required in each practical situation for better
results. Any effort which is directed to such study
for better results is known as a research.
“A Research is an organized set of activities to study
and develop a model or procedure/technique to
find the results of a realistic problem supported by
literature and data such that its objectives are
optimized and further make recommendations for
implementations”

6. Research Methodology
A system of models, procedures
and techniques used to find the
results of a research problem is
called a research methodology.

7. Meaning of Research
• Research comprises defining and redefining
problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested
solutions; collecting, organising and evaluating
data; making deductions and
reaching conclusions; and at last carefully
testing the conclusions to determine whether
they fit the formulating hypothesis.
-Clifford Woody

8. OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
Major objectives
1. To gain familiarity with phenomena and achieve new
insight into it.
2. To portray accurately the characteristics of a
particular individual situation or group.

9. Contnd..
3. To determine the frequency with which
something occurs.
4. To Discover the truth and fact.
5. To test hypothesis of cause and effect
relationship between variables.
6. To understand social life and gain a control over
social behavior.

10. Other Objectives
• To know old conclusions with new data.
• To find new conclusion with old data.
• To reach more conclusions from available data.
• To explain unexplained horizon of knowledge.
• To put forward an entirely new theory.
• To study and resolve contradiction in the area of
a study.

11. • The purpose of research is to discover answers to
questions through the application of scientific
procedures.
• The main aim of research is to find out the truth which
is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet.

12. Types of Research
A research can be classified into
• Exploratory Research
• Conclusive Research
• Modelling research
• Algorithmic Research

13. Thank You!!!