This document provides an overview of research methodology. It discusses key topics such as: 1. The meaning of research which includes gaining new knowledge and testing conclusions. 2. The objectives of research which are to gain insights, describe characteristics, determine frequencies, and test hypotheses. 3. The motivation for research including getting degrees, solving problems, intellectual enjoyment, and helping society. 4. The two main approaches to research are quantitative and qualitative. 5. The research process involves defining the problem, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting conclusions.

1. Research Methodology
Submitted to
Prof. Dhara M Jethva
-Prepared by
The Pioneer Group

2. Our Group Members:
Neelam Advani
Ravi Aggraval
Ravi
Hiren Ahir
Hitesh
Jayesh
Seema Bambhani
Bhoomika Bhatt

3. Topics Covered
• Meaning of Research
• Objectives to Research
• Motivation to Research
• Approaches to Research
• Research Process
• Research Problem

4. Meaning of Research
• Redman and Mory define research as a “systematized effort to
gain new knowledge.”
• According to Clifford Woody “research comprises defining and
redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested
solutions; collecting, organising and evaluating data; making
deductions and reaching conclusions; and at last carefully
testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the
formulating hypothesis.
• D. Slesinger and M. Stephenson define research as “the
manipulation of things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of
generalizing to extend, correct or verify knowledge, whether
that knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the
practice of an art.”

5. Research is not:
• Accidental discovery
• Data Collection
• Searching out published research results in
libraries (or the internet)

6. Objectives of Research
1. To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new
insights into it (studies with this object in view are termed as
exploratory or formulative research studies);
2. To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular
individual, situation or a group
(studies with this object in view are known as descriptive
research studies);
3. To determine the frequency with which something occurs or
with which it is associated with something else (studies with
this object in view are known as diagnostic research
studies);
4. To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables
(such studies are known as hypothesis-testing research
studies)

7. Motivation in Research
1. Desire to get a research degree along with its consequential benefits;
2. Desire to face the challenge in solving the unsolved problems, i.e., concern
over practical problems initiates research;
3. Desire to get intellectual joy of doing some creative work;
4. Desire to be of service to society;
5. Desire to get respectability.
6. Other factors are:
I. Directives of government,
II. Employment conditions,
III. Curiosity about new things,
IV. Desire to understand causal relationships,
V. Social thinking and awakening, etc

8. Approaches to Research
There are two basic approaches to
research:
1) The Quantitative Research
Approach
2) Qualitative Research Approach

9. RESEARCH PROCESS
Define
Research
Problem
Review
Concepts
And
theories
Review
Previous
Research
findings
Formulate
hypothesis
Design
Research
(Including
Sample
Design)
Collect
Data
Analyse
Data
Interpret
and
report
FF
F
F F
FF
I
II
III IV V VI VII
F
FF
Feed Back
Feed Forward
Review the literature

10. Steps in Research Process:
1. Formulating the Research Problem
2. Extensive Literature Review
3. Developing the objectives
4. Preparing the Research Design including Sample
Design
5. Collecting the Data
6. Analysis of Data
7. Generalisation and Interpretation
8. Preparation of the Report or Presentation of
Results-Formal write ups of conclusions reached.

11. RESEARCH PROBLEM
The term ‘problem’ means a question or issue
to be examined.
Research Problem refers to some difficulty that
a researcher experiences in the context of
either theoretical or practical situation and
wants to obtain a solution for the same.

12. The Research Problem Arises when;
Customer complaints
Conversation with company employees
Observation of inappropriate behaviour or
conditions in the firm
Deviation from the business plan
Success of the firm’s competitor’s
Relevant reading of published material (trends,
regulations)
Company records and reports.

13. -Thank you….