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Research Beyond the Theory
- 1. Research beyond the theory HazemGhaith • Fifth-year medical student at faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. • Has +10 publication and +15 abstracts in top international journals, and top conferences in the world. • Editor at Frontiers in Neurology journal (top cited open access journal in 2018) and reviewer in several international journals. • Member at Junior section of the Global Neurosurgery Committee, WFNS • Researcher at Future African Neurosurgeons Association (AFAN)
- 2. Clinical Research ? Research Thesystematic scientific process of generating new knowledge, involves the collection, summarization, and analysis of information to generate new knowledge. Clinical Research Research that deals with human patients, samples, and clinical data to inform the clinical practice about the safety and efficacy of treatments and the accuracy of diagnostics as well as to answer the clinically important questions.
- 3. WHY CLINICAL RESEARCHIS IMPORTANT BETTER TREATMENTS CURE DISEASES ECONOMIC BURDEN OF DISEASES LIVE LONGER QUALITY OF LIFE
- 9. Twitter Instagram Social Network ( الباردةالغنيمة ) Social Media LinkedIn ResearchGate Reaching out (Connections) Subscribe to the top journals that match your interest (Follow the editorial letters)
- 10. Reviewing the Literature Whatis the meaning of literature ? Literature Published research papers Conference Textbooks Medical literature referrers to all information in the field of medicine
- 11. The importance ofreviewing the literature 1- To ensure that the gap of knowledge is really existing 2- To be aware of used methodologies in similar topics 3- To know the most appropriate study design for your idea 4- To know statistical tests that should be used to provide an answer to your research question Note: we, as researchers, should follow the legacy of previous researchers and start from the point where they stopped
- 12. Literature Search VSLiterature Review • It is well-organized search for all the literature published on a specific topic • A step in any research project Literature Search • It is a summary of published literature • Collection information about specific topic • Written article Literature Review
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- 19. This Photo byUnknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC What should I use of these databases ?
- 20. Keywords Use wordsnot sentences Choose the principle words that will be most relevant to your topic Knowing the study design of your idea will help you to basically determine the most appropriate search words E.g. 1- Observational study (Indicator + outcome + population) 2- Interventional study (Intervention + outcome + population) 3- diagnostic test accuracy study (Diagnostic tool + Standard tool + Population)
- 21. Interventional studies Population +Intervention + Outcome (If specified) Remdesivir for COVID-19 patients In case of an interventional study that includes two interventions Population + Intervention + Comparator + Outcome (PICO) Acetaminophen Vs. Placebo for post craniotomy pain management Observational studies Population + Indicator (risk factor) + Outcome Association between smoking and lung cancer Diagnostic test accuracy Diagnostic test + Population CT for the diagnosis of appendicitis Survival
- 22. Search Strategy Definition:a collection of keywords using to find the most relevant results to specific topic Using Boolean operators allow an appropriate search strategy Include all relevant synonyms and subgroups
- 23. MeSH Terms Medical SubjectsHeadings (MeSH) that facilitates searching. Therefore, without MeSH, there is no finish Warning !!
- 26. Literature Search 1 Determine the relevant database 2 Determine thesearch keywords 3 Determine the search strategy 4 Execute the search
- 27. Notes 1. XAND Y = Y AND X 2. X OR Y = Y OR X 3. X NOT Y ≠ Y Not X 4. * AND $ Search strategy (aspiration OR ADAPT) AND (stent-retriever OR Solitaire OR Trevo OR Merci) AND (stroke OR Large vessel occlusion OR LVO).
- 28. How to UseThese Major Databases ?
- 34. Overview of myclinical research program