6th Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities & Industries
Training Institute, AERE, Savar, BAEC
24 - 29 October 2021
The document discusses safety and security protocols for radiation sources. It begins by noting the importance of safety and security to prevent accidents and unauthorized removal. It then summarizes common causes of radiation accidents and discusses what makes sources become "orphaned." The document outlines general safety and security protocols like controlling source transfers and establishing storage facilities. It describes steps to ensure safety and security during the life cycle of a source from manufacture to disposal. Key aspects include accounting procedures, source movement records, and radiation source audits. The conclusion restates that safety and security aims to keep radiation exposures low and prevent accidental exposures throughout a source's life.
The document discusses quality assurance in nuclear medicine, outlining general principles and procedures for ensuring high quality patient care and radiation safety. It covers organizing a quality assurance program, administrative routines like requesting exams and generating reports, monitoring occupational and medical exposure, maintaining instrumentation, and educating staff. The overall goal is continual improvement in diagnostic accuracy, effective use of resources, and optimization of radiation dose for patients and workers.
TRANSPORT SAFETY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENCING LANDMuhammad Bello Gusau
This document summarizes transport safety and regulatory requirements for licensing land transport of class 7 dangerous goods (radioactive materials) in Nigeria. It discusses the legal basis for regulating radioactive material transport based on IAEA and Nigerian regulations. Key safety concepts like packaging, transport controls using transport index, and categories of packages are explained. The regulatory requirements for facilities, equipment, training, and accredited services needed for a land transport license are also outlined. Recommendations are made to review the roles of radiation safety advisors and update regulatory requirements for all radiation practices in Nigeria.
This document provides information on occupational radiation safety for radiologic technologists. It discusses the risks of ionizing radiation exposure and strategies to minimize that exposure through proper use of time, distance, and shielding techniques. Protective equipment discussed includes lead aprons, thyroid collars, gloves, glasses and face masks. The document emphasizes the importance of radiation safety given the increased risk of health issues like cataracts for those who work regularly with medical imaging that uses ionizing radiation.
The document provides information about radiation safety at Wayne State University. It introduces the Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS) and its roles in protecting health and safety regarding hazardous materials use. It also provides contact information for the radiation safety and hazardous waste staff. Basic radiation safety training requirements and rights of radiation workers are outlined.
Radiation safety precautions (General Principles, Power Plant Safety, Radionu...Sabir Rasheed
Radiation safety precaution. General Principles of Radiation Safety.
Aspects of shielding in diagnostic radiology.
Nuclear Power Plant Safety.
Specific Handling Precautions For Various Radionuclides.
Radioactive Contamination and Procedures of Decontaminationmahbubul hassan
Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities and Industries, TI, AERE, BAEC Savar, 27 October 2021
6th Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities & Industries
Training Institute, AERE, Savar, BAEC
24 - 29 October 2021
The document discusses safety and security protocols for radiation sources. It begins by noting the importance of safety and security to prevent accidents and unauthorized removal. It then summarizes common causes of radiation accidents and discusses what makes sources become "orphaned." The document outlines general safety and security protocols like controlling source transfers and establishing storage facilities. It describes steps to ensure safety and security during the life cycle of a source from manufacture to disposal. Key aspects include accounting procedures, source movement records, and radiation source audits. The conclusion restates that safety and security aims to keep radiation exposures low and prevent accidental exposures throughout a source's life.
The document discusses quality assurance in nuclear medicine, outlining general principles and procedures for ensuring high quality patient care and radiation safety. It covers organizing a quality assurance program, administrative routines like requesting exams and generating reports, monitoring occupational and medical exposure, maintaining instrumentation, and educating staff. The overall goal is continual improvement in diagnostic accuracy, effective use of resources, and optimization of radiation dose for patients and workers.
TRANSPORT SAFETY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENCING LANDMuhammad Bello Gusau
This document summarizes transport safety and regulatory requirements for licensing land transport of class 7 dangerous goods (radioactive materials) in Nigeria. It discusses the legal basis for regulating radioactive material transport based on IAEA and Nigerian regulations. Key safety concepts like packaging, transport controls using transport index, and categories of packages are explained. The regulatory requirements for facilities, equipment, training, and accredited services needed for a land transport license are also outlined. Recommendations are made to review the roles of radiation safety advisors and update regulatory requirements for all radiation practices in Nigeria.
This document provides information on occupational radiation safety for radiologic technologists. It discusses the risks of ionizing radiation exposure and strategies to minimize that exposure through proper use of time, distance, and shielding techniques. Protective equipment discussed includes lead aprons, thyroid collars, gloves, glasses and face masks. The document emphasizes the importance of radiation safety given the increased risk of health issues like cataracts for those who work regularly with medical imaging that uses ionizing radiation.
The document provides information about radiation safety at Wayne State University. It introduces the Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS) and its roles in protecting health and safety regarding hazardous materials use. It also provides contact information for the radiation safety and hazardous waste staff. Basic radiation safety training requirements and rights of radiation workers are outlined.
Radiation safety precautions (General Principles, Power Plant Safety, Radionu...Sabir Rasheed
Radiation safety precaution. General Principles of Radiation Safety.
Aspects of shielding in diagnostic radiology.
Nuclear Power Plant Safety.
Specific Handling Precautions For Various Radionuclides.
Radioactive Contamination and Procedures of Decontaminationmahbubul hassan
Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities and Industries, TI, AERE, BAEC Savar, 27 October 2021
This document discusses the principles of radiation protection in the workplace. It begins with an introduction to radiation safety and why it is needed. It then defines key terms like hazard, radiation, and radiological units. The document outlines occupational exposure limits and the requirements of radiation protection programs, including justification, optimization and dose limitation. It discusses methods for protecting against external exposure through time, distance and shielding. Protection against internal exposure and contamination is also covered. The document concludes with an overview of monitoring requirements in radiation protection programs.
Overview of occupational radiation safety in hospital, Dr. Avinash u. Sonawareohscmcvellore
This document summarizes occupational radiation safety in hospitals. It covers typical medical uses of radiation like radiotherapy, diagnostic imaging, and nuclear medicine. It discusses the regulatory framework in India, categories of radiation exposures, and issues related to excessive exposures. The conclusion emphasizes that while occupational doses are usually low, there are concerns about reported excessive exposures in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. Improving safety culture and proper use of dosimeters is important to ensure doses remain below limits.
Radiation safety in diagnostic nuclear medicineSGPGIMS
1. Radiation is a form of energy emitted by atoms in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles. Ionizing radiation can eject electrons from atoms and produce ions, while non-ionizing radiation excites electrons.
2. People are exposed to ionizing radiation from natural and man-made sources. Naturally occurring sources include terrestrial radiation, cosmic radiation, and internal radiation. Medical procedures such as CT scans, nuclear medicine exams, and fluoroscopy account for over 90% of man-made radiation exposure.
3. Radiation protection aims to take advantage of the benefits of radiation use while preventing deterministic effects and limiting stochastic effects to acceptable levels. Occupational dose limits are higher than public limits, and some populations like
NCRP National Council On Radiation ProtectionChandan Prasad
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement (NCRP) is a US regulatory board established in 1929 to provide independent scientific analysis and recommendations on radiation protection for humans and the environment. It works with other organizations through two committees and seven program areas to establish guidance on radiation safety in areas like medicine, the environment, and security. The NCRP also cooperates with the International Commission on Radiological Protection to determine radiation dose limits based on analysis of risk.
Radiation protection in nuclear medicine.ppt 2Rad Tech
This document provides guidance on radiation protection procedures for radionuclide therapy, including administration of therapy, management of radioactive patients, and optimization of protection for medical staff, visitors, and the hospitalized patient. Key points addressed include justifying therapy based on clinical benefits, ensuring proper training and responsibilities of medical personnel, constraining doses to comforters and visitors, providing instructions to hospitalized patients, and surveying rooms prior to releasing patients or decommissioning areas.
This document discusses radiation protection in nuclear medicine. It defines radiation and its types, as well as the effects of radiation exposure including death, cancer, genetic effects, infertility and skin burns. The goals of radiation protection are to prevent deterministic effects and reduce stochastic effects. Key principles for protecting patients, workers and the public include justification, optimization and dose limitation. Specific guidelines are provided for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as protecting pregnant individuals, families and workers. General facility layout and classification of areas are also reviewed along with guidelines for working in a nuclear medicine department.
The document discusses the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which sets standards for radiation protection. The ICRP relies on the linear no-threshold model to establish dose limits for workers and the public. This model assumes that any amount of radiation exposure increases cancer risk proportionally. The ICRP cites data from studies of atomic bomb survivors and other exposed groups to determine that radiation carries a 5% increased risk of cancer per sievert of lifetime dose. Using this risk factor, the ICRP calculates annual dose limits of 20 millisieverts for occupational workers and 1 millisievert for members of the public. Though other models question the linear no-threshold model, the ICRP maintains it is a
This document discusses key aspects of safely transporting radioactive material as outlined in international regulations. It covers material classification, package selection based on material type and content limits, and controls during transport including limits on radiation levels, transport indexes, and categorizing packages. The overall safety approach involves containing radioactive contents, controlling external radiation, preventing criticality, and preventing heat damage through a graded package design based on material hazard levels.
PET - Radiation Safety Practices in a Radionuclide Produciton facility v2@Saudi_nmc
This document discusses radiation safety practices in a radionuclide production facility. It describes the two types of radiation effects - deterministic and stochastic - and notes that radiation protection aims to eliminate deterministic effects and reduce stochastic effects. It outlines the system of radiological protection established by ICRP, including justification of exposures, optimization of protection, and dose/risk limitations. The document also discusses specific radiation safety practices for staff protection like controls, classified areas, and protection of radiation workers.
The document discusses recommendations from ICRP 60 & 103 regarding radiation protection. It begins with background on natural and artificial radiation sources and their effects. It then summarizes the evolution of ICRP recommendations over time, from early annual dose limits of 1000 mSv reduced gradually to current limits. Key concepts discussed include justification of practices, optimization of protection, and application of dose limits. Occupational, public, and medical exposure dose limits are provided. ICRP 103 introduced changes like new tissue weighting factors and computational phantoms.
The document discusses the safe transport of radioactive material. It outlines the various national and international regulations that govern the transport of radioactive material via different modes such as road, rail, air, sea, and post. The key principles of transport include keeping doses received by persons and the number of exposed persons as low as reasonably achievable. The document then defines various terms related to transport such as types of packages (exempted, industrial, type A, B, C), activity limits, and contamination limits. It describes the different tests and requirements for each package type to ensure containment of radioactive materials during normal and accident conditions of transport.
This document discusses emergency response and preparedness in a radiation department. It defines a radiation emergency and classifies emergencies by whether they affect equipment, an individual patient, or many patients. Potential sources of error leading to emergencies in radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, brachytherapy, and diagnostic radiology are described. Regulations regarding reporting and investigating emergencies are summarized. Steps for handling common emergency situations like source stucks are outlined. The responsibilities of licensees and radiation safety officers in emergency planning and response are also covered.
This document provides an overview of a continuing medical education (CME) presentation on radiation safety and fluoroscopy. The presentation covers topics such as the basic properties of radiation, units of measurement, sources of radiation exposure, methods of radiation protection including time, distance, shielding and collimation, biological effects of radiation, x-ray equipment, patient exposure and positioning, quality assurance programs, and regulations. The objectives of the presentation are to review these topics and summarize radiation safety procedures for medical professionals.
radiation control safety, role of Organization in radiation protection and environmental radiological surveillance.
Factors that affect radiation dose:
Regulations and procedures have been developed and implemented to limit radiation dose by regulating the use, storage, transport, and disposal of radioactive material by controlling time, distance and shielding
Time
The short the time spent near the source, the smaller the dose
Distance
The greater the distance the smaller the dose
Shielding
Use of materials to absorb the radiation dose
This document discusses radiation and its uses in medicine. It defines radiation as energy emitted in the form of particles or waves. Radiation is useful for medical imaging and treatment. It describes different types of radiation including electromagnetic radiation, alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and x-rays. It discusses how various medical imaging techniques like CT scans, x-rays, and mammograms expose patients to radiation, but ensure doses are kept as low as reasonably achievable. The document emphasizes principles of radiation safety for both patients and workers through justification of exposures, dose optimization and limitation.
This document discusses various sources of radiation and their biological effects. It covers natural sources like radon, cosmic, and terrestrial radiation. It also discusses man-made medical sources. The annual background radiation dose for the average person is outlined. Different types of ionizing radiation like x-rays, gamma rays, and beta particles are described along with their penetrating abilities and appropriate shielding. Radiation units like rad, rem, and guidelines like ALARA and dose limits are defined. The biological effects of radiation like somatic, genetic and threshold/non-threshold effects are summarized. Radiosensitivity of different tissues is addressed. Radiation protection techniques like minimizing exposure time, increasing distance, and using proper shielding and PPE are recommended.
Radiation monitoring involves measuring radiation levels in workplaces, areas, and the environment. There are several types of radiation monitoring:
Workplace monitoring measures radiation dose rates, surface contamination, and airborne radioactivity where radiation sources are used. Individual monitoring tracks radiation doses received by workers through personal dosimeters. Area monitoring measures radiation levels at predefined locations around facilities to ensure safety. Environmental monitoring routinely samples media like food, water and air near facilities to measure radiation levels and ensure public safety.
This document discusses radiation protection and dosimetry concepts. It defines key terms like absorbed dose, equivalent dose, effective dose and their calculations. It describes stochastic and deterministic effects and the objectives of radiation protection to limit both. The ALARA principle and its application are explained. Various radiation measurement instruments like survey meters, dosimeters and their uses are outlined. The document also discusses radiation shielding calculations and definitions of controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas.
The document provides an overview of radiation safety training, defining radiation and ionizing radiation, describing different types of radiation including alpha, beta, gamma, and x-rays, and outlining key radiation safety concepts such as ALARA, dose limits, shielding, and protecting pregnant patients and personnel.
Regulatory bodies that oversee radiation safety include the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) in the US, and the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) in India. These bodies establish standards and guidelines for safe use of radiation, authorize practices involving radiation sources, inspect facilities, and provide recommendations to ensure radiation protection and safety.
The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) regulates and controls radiation exposure in India. It was formed in 1983 under the Atomic Energy Act and ensures safe use of radiation and nuclear energy. AERB develops safety policies, guidelines and standards. It grants consent for nuclear and radiation facilities, ensures compliance with regulations, and conducts inspections. AERB's functions include safety reviews, licensing, inspections, and enforcement. It aims to allow radiation use without harming people or the environment.
This document discusses the principles of radiation protection in the workplace. It begins with an introduction to radiation safety and why it is needed. It then defines key terms like hazard, radiation, and radiological units. The document outlines occupational exposure limits and the requirements of radiation protection programs, including justification, optimization and dose limitation. It discusses methods for protecting against external exposure through time, distance and shielding. Protection against internal exposure and contamination is also covered. The document concludes with an overview of monitoring requirements in radiation protection programs.
Overview of occupational radiation safety in hospital, Dr. Avinash u. Sonawareohscmcvellore
This document summarizes occupational radiation safety in hospitals. It covers typical medical uses of radiation like radiotherapy, diagnostic imaging, and nuclear medicine. It discusses the regulatory framework in India, categories of radiation exposures, and issues related to excessive exposures. The conclusion emphasizes that while occupational doses are usually low, there are concerns about reported excessive exposures in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. Improving safety culture and proper use of dosimeters is important to ensure doses remain below limits.
Radiation safety in diagnostic nuclear medicineSGPGIMS
1. Radiation is a form of energy emitted by atoms in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles. Ionizing radiation can eject electrons from atoms and produce ions, while non-ionizing radiation excites electrons.
2. People are exposed to ionizing radiation from natural and man-made sources. Naturally occurring sources include terrestrial radiation, cosmic radiation, and internal radiation. Medical procedures such as CT scans, nuclear medicine exams, and fluoroscopy account for over 90% of man-made radiation exposure.
3. Radiation protection aims to take advantage of the benefits of radiation use while preventing deterministic effects and limiting stochastic effects to acceptable levels. Occupational dose limits are higher than public limits, and some populations like
NCRP National Council On Radiation ProtectionChandan Prasad
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement (NCRP) is a US regulatory board established in 1929 to provide independent scientific analysis and recommendations on radiation protection for humans and the environment. It works with other organizations through two committees and seven program areas to establish guidance on radiation safety in areas like medicine, the environment, and security. The NCRP also cooperates with the International Commission on Radiological Protection to determine radiation dose limits based on analysis of risk.
Radiation protection in nuclear medicine.ppt 2Rad Tech
This document provides guidance on radiation protection procedures for radionuclide therapy, including administration of therapy, management of radioactive patients, and optimization of protection for medical staff, visitors, and the hospitalized patient. Key points addressed include justifying therapy based on clinical benefits, ensuring proper training and responsibilities of medical personnel, constraining doses to comforters and visitors, providing instructions to hospitalized patients, and surveying rooms prior to releasing patients or decommissioning areas.
This document discusses radiation protection in nuclear medicine. It defines radiation and its types, as well as the effects of radiation exposure including death, cancer, genetic effects, infertility and skin burns. The goals of radiation protection are to prevent deterministic effects and reduce stochastic effects. Key principles for protecting patients, workers and the public include justification, optimization and dose limitation. Specific guidelines are provided for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as protecting pregnant individuals, families and workers. General facility layout and classification of areas are also reviewed along with guidelines for working in a nuclear medicine department.
The document discusses the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which sets standards for radiation protection. The ICRP relies on the linear no-threshold model to establish dose limits for workers and the public. This model assumes that any amount of radiation exposure increases cancer risk proportionally. The ICRP cites data from studies of atomic bomb survivors and other exposed groups to determine that radiation carries a 5% increased risk of cancer per sievert of lifetime dose. Using this risk factor, the ICRP calculates annual dose limits of 20 millisieverts for occupational workers and 1 millisievert for members of the public. Though other models question the linear no-threshold model, the ICRP maintains it is a
This document discusses key aspects of safely transporting radioactive material as outlined in international regulations. It covers material classification, package selection based on material type and content limits, and controls during transport including limits on radiation levels, transport indexes, and categorizing packages. The overall safety approach involves containing radioactive contents, controlling external radiation, preventing criticality, and preventing heat damage through a graded package design based on material hazard levels.
PET - Radiation Safety Practices in a Radionuclide Produciton facility v2@Saudi_nmc
This document discusses radiation safety practices in a radionuclide production facility. It describes the two types of radiation effects - deterministic and stochastic - and notes that radiation protection aims to eliminate deterministic effects and reduce stochastic effects. It outlines the system of radiological protection established by ICRP, including justification of exposures, optimization of protection, and dose/risk limitations. The document also discusses specific radiation safety practices for staff protection like controls, classified areas, and protection of radiation workers.
The document discusses recommendations from ICRP 60 & 103 regarding radiation protection. It begins with background on natural and artificial radiation sources and their effects. It then summarizes the evolution of ICRP recommendations over time, from early annual dose limits of 1000 mSv reduced gradually to current limits. Key concepts discussed include justification of practices, optimization of protection, and application of dose limits. Occupational, public, and medical exposure dose limits are provided. ICRP 103 introduced changes like new tissue weighting factors and computational phantoms.
The document discusses the safe transport of radioactive material. It outlines the various national and international regulations that govern the transport of radioactive material via different modes such as road, rail, air, sea, and post. The key principles of transport include keeping doses received by persons and the number of exposed persons as low as reasonably achievable. The document then defines various terms related to transport such as types of packages (exempted, industrial, type A, B, C), activity limits, and contamination limits. It describes the different tests and requirements for each package type to ensure containment of radioactive materials during normal and accident conditions of transport.
This document discusses emergency response and preparedness in a radiation department. It defines a radiation emergency and classifies emergencies by whether they affect equipment, an individual patient, or many patients. Potential sources of error leading to emergencies in radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, brachytherapy, and diagnostic radiology are described. Regulations regarding reporting and investigating emergencies are summarized. Steps for handling common emergency situations like source stucks are outlined. The responsibilities of licensees and radiation safety officers in emergency planning and response are also covered.
This document provides an overview of a continuing medical education (CME) presentation on radiation safety and fluoroscopy. The presentation covers topics such as the basic properties of radiation, units of measurement, sources of radiation exposure, methods of radiation protection including time, distance, shielding and collimation, biological effects of radiation, x-ray equipment, patient exposure and positioning, quality assurance programs, and regulations. The objectives of the presentation are to review these topics and summarize radiation safety procedures for medical professionals.
radiation control safety, role of Organization in radiation protection and environmental radiological surveillance.
Factors that affect radiation dose:
Regulations and procedures have been developed and implemented to limit radiation dose by regulating the use, storage, transport, and disposal of radioactive material by controlling time, distance and shielding
Time
The short the time spent near the source, the smaller the dose
Distance
The greater the distance the smaller the dose
Shielding
Use of materials to absorb the radiation dose
This document discusses radiation and its uses in medicine. It defines radiation as energy emitted in the form of particles or waves. Radiation is useful for medical imaging and treatment. It describes different types of radiation including electromagnetic radiation, alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and x-rays. It discusses how various medical imaging techniques like CT scans, x-rays, and mammograms expose patients to radiation, but ensure doses are kept as low as reasonably achievable. The document emphasizes principles of radiation safety for both patients and workers through justification of exposures, dose optimization and limitation.
This document discusses various sources of radiation and their biological effects. It covers natural sources like radon, cosmic, and terrestrial radiation. It also discusses man-made medical sources. The annual background radiation dose for the average person is outlined. Different types of ionizing radiation like x-rays, gamma rays, and beta particles are described along with their penetrating abilities and appropriate shielding. Radiation units like rad, rem, and guidelines like ALARA and dose limits are defined. The biological effects of radiation like somatic, genetic and threshold/non-threshold effects are summarized. Radiosensitivity of different tissues is addressed. Radiation protection techniques like minimizing exposure time, increasing distance, and using proper shielding and PPE are recommended.
Radiation monitoring involves measuring radiation levels in workplaces, areas, and the environment. There are several types of radiation monitoring:
Workplace monitoring measures radiation dose rates, surface contamination, and airborne radioactivity where radiation sources are used. Individual monitoring tracks radiation doses received by workers through personal dosimeters. Area monitoring measures radiation levels at predefined locations around facilities to ensure safety. Environmental monitoring routinely samples media like food, water and air near facilities to measure radiation levels and ensure public safety.
This document discusses radiation protection and dosimetry concepts. It defines key terms like absorbed dose, equivalent dose, effective dose and their calculations. It describes stochastic and deterministic effects and the objectives of radiation protection to limit both. The ALARA principle and its application are explained. Various radiation measurement instruments like survey meters, dosimeters and their uses are outlined. The document also discusses radiation shielding calculations and definitions of controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas.
The document provides an overview of radiation safety training, defining radiation and ionizing radiation, describing different types of radiation including alpha, beta, gamma, and x-rays, and outlining key radiation safety concepts such as ALARA, dose limits, shielding, and protecting pregnant patients and personnel.
Regulatory bodies that oversee radiation safety include the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) in the US, and the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) in India. These bodies establish standards and guidelines for safe use of radiation, authorize practices involving radiation sources, inspect facilities, and provide recommendations to ensure radiation protection and safety.
The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) regulates and controls radiation exposure in India. It was formed in 1983 under the Atomic Energy Act and ensures safe use of radiation and nuclear energy. AERB develops safety policies, guidelines and standards. It grants consent for nuclear and radiation facilities, ensures compliance with regulations, and conducts inspections. AERB's functions include safety reviews, licensing, inspections, and enforcement. It aims to allow radiation use without harming people or the environment.
The document discusses the legal basis for radiation protection in industrial practices in Bangladesh. It outlines the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Act of 2012 and the Nuclear Safety and Radiation Control Rules of 1997 which require licenses from the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority for certain radiation practices. It describes the licensing procedure and emphasizes developing a safety culture, controlling occupational exposure, and enforcing regulations to ensure radiation risks are kept within acceptable limits.
This document discusses radiation protection and safety in radiotherapy. It covers the principles of radiation protection including justification, optimization and dose limitation. It describes biological effects of radiation, radiation quantities, radiation shielding, area monitoring, personnel monitoring, radiation safety programs and regulatory frameworks. Incidents and accidents in radiotherapy are discussed along with risk assessment methodologies. The goal of radiation protection is to prevent deterministic effects and limit stochastic effects by limiting radiation exposure.
08 status of radiation protection in bangladeshMahbubul Hassan
Bangladesh has established laws and regulations for radiation protection based on IAEA standards. The Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission enforces these and oversees individual and workplace monitoring programs. Radiation facilities in Bangladesh use sources for medical, research and industrial purposes. Occupational exposures are generally low. Controls are in place for public exposure through environmental monitoring, foodstuff controls, and regulating consumer products and waste. Emergency response plans have been drafted and hospitals designated to manage radiological accidents.
The document outlines the legislative and regulatory framework for licensing radioactive materials in the Philippines. It describes the laws and regulations governing the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) and its mandate to license radioactive material. The document reviews the Code of PNRI Regulations, which consists of 27 parts establishing the regulatory requirements. It discusses the basic licensing process and requirements for obtaining, renewing, amending, and terminating a radioactive materials license in the Philippines.
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...Ganesan Yogananthem
Dear B.Sc MIT Students,
Attached is an essential document featuring comprehensive Questions & Answers for Quality Assurance, Radiation Biology, and Radiation Hazards. We encourage you to utilize this resource to deepen your understanding and excel in your studies. Wishing you all the success in your academic endeavors and future careers.
Best regards,
radiation regulatory bodies. ( international + indian )akshayonslideshar
Radiation is harmful . right ? but who is looking after that it is being used in correct manner in hospitals .I have tried to write about some international and indian regulatory bodies.
radiation protection officer certification for referencemarzyyani
This document summarizes Malaysia's experience with its Radiation Protection Officer (RPO) certification scheme. Key points:
- Regulation requires applicants for licenses involving radiation to employ a certified RPO to ensure safety.
- To be certified, an RPO must complete an accredited training course and pass a certification exam administered by the National Committee for the Certification of Radiation Protection Officer (NCCRPO).
- The NCCRPO, comprising experts from various fields, is responsible for reviewing and updating the competency requirements for certified RPOs.
- With increasing numbers of candidates and international security standards, the NCCRPO aims to improve the certification scheme syllabus.
The Greek Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) is Greece's national regulatory authority for radiation protection and nuclear safety. It sets radiation safety rules by issuing regulations and drafting legislation. GAEC ensures compliance through inspections, environmental monitoring, and worker dose monitoring. It aims to protect public health, provide high quality services, and promote a culture of safety. GAEC oversees thousands of radiation facilities, provides training, and responds to emergencies through specialized infrastructure and expertise.
The Greek Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) is Greece's national regulatory authority for radiation protection and nuclear safety. It sets radiation safety rules by issuing regulations and drafting legislation, and ensures compliance through inspections, monitoring, and education/training. GAEC operates state-of-the-art laboratories, prepares for radiological emergencies, promotes safety culture, and commits to scientific excellence with the goal of safety. It oversees all radiation facilities and activities in Greece and has established an effective radiation protection system and nationwide education programs.
Radiation protection course for radiologists L6Amin Amin
1. The document outlines the responsibilities of various staff in a radiology department to ensure radiation safety for patients, users, and the public.
2. Key responsibilities include establishing a Radiation Safety Committee and Section to oversee policy and monitor compliance.
3. Department chairs must ensure justified, necessary exposures and establish codes of practice.
4. Authorized users, radiation safety officers, and individual staff all have specific duties to ensure equipment safety and minimize exposures.
The document summarizes the responsibilities of various parties in regards to the safe use of sealed radioactive sources in borehole logging. It outlines requirements for suppliers, users, radiation safety officers, and employees. Suppliers must provide equipment meeting standards and share information on sources and equipment. Users must obtain licensing, examine equipment regularly, develop safety procedures, train staff, and appoint a radiation safety officer if required. The radiation safety officer's duties include record keeping, reporting, and ensuring regulatory compliance.
Pnra regulation on radiation protection 2004Absar Ahmed
The document discusses the PNRA regulations on radiation protection from 2004. It provides information on the objectives and activities of the PNRA regulatory authority, including controlling occupational and public exposure, transport safety, emergency preparedness, and education and training. The PNRA regulates nuclear safety and radiation protection in Pakistan and seeks to establish standards to protect life and the environment from the hazards of ionizing radiation.
The AAEA was established in 1989 and works within the League of Arab States to coordinate peaceful nuclear efforts. It has member states across Africa and Asia. The AAEA implements many activities including training, workshops, expert meetings and conferences to develop human resources and achieve its objectives. These include helping members establish nuclear power and coordinating nuclear activities. It also works to establish safety and security standards. The AAEA has translated several IAEA guides into Arabic and established the Arab Network for Nuclear Regulators with IAEA support. National radioactive waste strategies should ensure protection of human health and the environment according to principles like minimizing risks and intergenerational equity. Proper planning and independent regulatory oversight of facilities and responsibilities are needed.
RADIATION SAFETY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENT IN NUCLEAR GAUGING FACILITIESMuhammad Bello Gusau
This document discusses regulatory requirements for licensing nuclear gauges in Nigeria. It defines nuclear gauges and their common uses and functions. Key regulatory requirements are outlined, including administrative procedures, facility requirements, equipment standards, radiation protection programs, training, and requirements for accredited services. Radiation measurement data from past inspections of specific facilities is presented. The document concludes with recommendations to review regulatory roles and requirements to ensure best practices.
This presentation will provide an in-depth understanding of the essential guidelines for designing and locating X-ray equipment in accordance with radiation protection guidelines.
The document outlines the key components of a radiation protection program for industrial radiography and irradiator facilities. It discusses organizational responsibilities, radiation protection responsibilities, area classification, radiation monitoring, quality assurance, emergency response plans, training and health surveillance of workers, and record keeping. Safety working procedures are also described for industrial practices, including personnel monitoring, radiation surveys, warning signals, operating exposure rooms, and radiographic work procedures.
Similar to Regulatory Infrastructure of Radiation Control in Bangladesh (20)
This document provides information about radiation detection and measurement instruments. It discusses various types of gas-filled detectors like ionization chambers, proportional counters, and Geiger-Muller counters. It also describes semiconductor detectors, scintillation counters, and instruments used for personnel dosimetry and measuring dose rates and contamination levels. The key purpose of these various instruments is to detect and measure different types of ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, and neutrons by converting radiation interactions into electrical pulses or light flashes that can be analyzed. Regular calibration of radiation monitors is emphasized to ensure accurate measurements for different radionuclides and radiation energies.
Basic concept of radiation, radioactivity, radiation dosemahbubul hassan
This document provides information about a radiation protection training course taking place from October 24-28, 2021 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It covers basic concepts in radiation, radioactivity, radiation dose units, types of radiation including alpha, beta, gamma, x-rays, and neutrons. It also discusses units of radioactivity, absorbed dose, dose equivalent, radiation weighting factors, and tissue weighting factors which are important concepts in radiation protection.
FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIATION PROTECTION – EXTERNAL & INTERNAL mahbubul hassan
Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers
and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities & Industries
24 - 28 October 2021
Training Institute
Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka
BASIC CONCEPT OF RADIATION SHIELDING AND ITS CALCULATION TECHNIQUES mahbubul hassan
Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers
and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities & Industries
24 - 28 October 2021
Training Institute
Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka
6th Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers and RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities & Industries
Training Institute, AERE, Savar, BAEC
24 - 29 October 2021
Ionizing radiation can cause biological damage through direct or indirect action on cells. The effects of radiation exposure depend on factors like total dose, dose rate, and part of body exposed. There are stochastic effects like cancer which occur randomly with no safe threshold, and deterministic effects like skin burns which have a threshold below which no effect occurs. Early effects appear within days of exposure while late effects can take years. Acute exposure involves a high dose over a short time compared to chronic low dose exposure. The principles of radiation protection are justification, optimization and dose limitation to reduce risk from radiation according to international standards.
This document discusses nuclear and radiological emergency preparedness and response. It defines key terms like emergency management, emergency, preparedness, and response. It describes different types of nuclear and radiological accidents that have occurred worldwide, including Fukushima, Chernobyl, and Three Mile Island for nuclear accidents, and Goiania for a radiological accident. It also discusses four levels of radiation emergencies - standby, plant, site area, and general - and explains emergency response planning areas.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Regulatory Infrastructure of Radiation Control in Bangladesh
1. Training Course on Radiation Protection for Radiation Workers and
RCOs of BAEC, Medical Facilities and Industries
26 October 2021
Training Institute, AERE, Savar, Dhaka.
Meherun Nahar, Pd. D
Chief Scientific Officer and Director,
Radiation Control Division
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (BAERA)
Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Regulatory Infrastructure of Radiation Control in
Bangladesh
2. Presentation Flow
• Background of Regulatory Activities of BAERA
• Regulatory and Legislative Framework
• Activities
• Responsibilities
3. Need for Regulatory Control on Radiation Sources
Sources of ionizing radiation are in
use in Bangladesh for a long time,
bringing immense benefits to the
society. But un controlled use of
radiation sources/unwanted
exposure carries series health risks
for the exposed persons.
It is essential for every country to
have adequate legal and regulatory
infrastructures to ensure the safety
and security of all radiation
sources, radioactive
material/nuclear material
Accident happened in Goiania Brazil 1987
~ 60 gm of Cs-137 (1400 Ci) generated
40 tons of radwaste for disposal
• Cleanup threshold: ~ 10 Ci/km2 (ground
contamination)
• Significant psychological effects on the
immediate population
• 4 deaths
• Effected health, properties and environment
4. Regulatory Infrastructure
•The government enacted “Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Act (ACT No 19, June
2012) for establishing an effective regulatory body as well as for introducing Nuclear
Law to ensure safe use of nuclear and radiation sources in the country.
•The BAERA Act-2012 has been formulated based on IAEA Handbook of Nuclear Law and
existing NSRC Act-1993
•Nuclear Safety and Radiation Control Rules- 1997 which was activated by the BAERA Act-
2012
• The Government established Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (BAERA)
under section 4 of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Act-2012 on 12th February 2013.
BAERA Building
5. Regulatory Framework
Inspection Authorization
Enforcement
Formulation of
Safety related
Rules, Guides
and Code of
Conduct
Regulatory Authority oversees through…
In addition to its
regulatory functions in
developing regulations,
licensing and operating
experience feedback
analysis, a regulatory
authority ensures that the
operating organization is
fulfilling its responsibility
in terms of nuclear and
radiation safety.
6. Vision and Mission BAERA
Vision :
Ensuring the long term safety, security and sustainability in
the safe and peaceful uses of nuclear energy in the country
by establishing a credible regulatory control regime
Mission:
Fostering the nuclear regulatory programmes effectively
concerning safety, security, radiation protection and
safeguards in order to protect the life and health of general
people & radiation workers and to control the adverse effect
of radiation on environment
7. 7
BAER Act 2012
An Act entitled “Bangladesh Atomic
Energy Regulatory Act (BAER) Act was
passed by the parliament in 2012 which
replaced the previous NSRC Act -1993.
NSRC Rules 1997
Nuclear Safety and Control Rules was
passed by the Ministry in 1997
Regulatory Guides
Regulatory Guide on Radiation
Protection in Medical Diagnostic X-Ray
Regulatory Guide on Radiation
Protection in Nuclear Medicine
Regulatory Guide on Radiation
Protection in Radiotherapy
Legal Instruments for Regulatory Oversight
8. Provisions of the BAERA Act-2012 cover safety, security of nuclear and radioactive materials
Key Functions of the Authority -Section-11 of BAER Act 2012
• safe and peaceful use of atomic
energy are established or not
• establish a system or process of
review and assessment for regulatory
function;
• establish and maintain a national
register for radiation sources;
• establish a policy for enforcement
actions and initiate and carryout
enforcement actions against non-
compliance of safety
• carry out inspection
• formulate state nuclear and
radiological emergency planning and
to coordinate all the activities in this
regard
publish guidelines for the purpose of
enforcement activities and take actions
against noncompliance of this Act and
Rules and Regulations made under this
act
define matters for exclusion
establish a public participation system
through seminar, workshop, electronic
and print media and internet, etc
establish and promote activities related
to the international agreements,
protocols and convention (in which
Bangladesh is a party)
define and grant exemptions of any
radiological or nuclear facilities from
regulatory control
legislative framework
11. Radiation Control Division
Radiation Control Division is responsible for regulating the all facilities using
ionizing radiation sources of Bangladesh.
The regulatory control is ensured through inspection, authorization
enforcement and Import-export control of radiation sources
The division organizes nationwide survey inspection notification program at
regular intervals for collecting regulatory data and preparing reports on
radiation protection infrastructure of all radiation sources in Bangladesh.
12. Radiation Control Division…..
• Notification.
• Issuance of user license for radiation facilities such as
Radiotherapy, Nuclear Medicine, Industry, Medical
diagnostic X-ray, Research & Education facilities etc.
• Issuance of import/export license, permit and NOC for
importing of radioactive materials/ equipment in the
country as well as for exporting from the country.
• Issuance of transport license for ensuring the safe
transport of radioactive materials.
• Review and evaluation of applications and Assessment
of RPP, QA, EPR plan etc. for facility before issuing
license or permit.
• Survey, inspection and re-inspection of radiation
facilities.
• Accident-Incident investigation
• Enforcement
• Investigation of overexposed workers
involved radiation related activities.
• Identification of theft/lost/orphan sources
to bring them under regulatory control.
• Develop and maintain regulatory
inventory
• Formulate Inspection Check list
• Evaluate waste management program
• Develop safety and security framework for
radioactive materials during onsite and
offsite use and transport
• Formulating leaflet, posters, brochures for
creating awareness among general public
about radiation.
• Create awareness about the risk of
harmful ionizing radiation by means of
training and workshop
13. Basic Regulatory requirements of license
A person shall obtain license in the prescribed manner from the
competent authority (BAERA) in order to own, operate and
maintain the facility and needs permit/authorization to import
radioactive source/radiation generating equipment.
The licensee shall also inform BAERA in case of sale, transfer,
lease, gift or loan, damage or decommissioning of the radiation
sources and shifting of the facility.
The licensee shall apply in the prescribed manner for the
renewal of the license at least 30 days before the expiry of the
licensed period.
14. Basic Regulatory requirements of license
The licensee shall ensure qualified and trained personnel to
discharge the licensed responsibilities
The licensee shall ensure the source, equipment, facility or
practice are technically safe and provide adequate radiological
protection.
The licensee shall have an approved (by BAERA) Radiation
Control Officer to ensure safe use of radiation sources in the
facility.
15. Classification of License
At present following categories of license are issued to the radiation sources and
associated facilities :
Class A : License to manufacture, trade in, produce, process, purchase, own,
transfer, handle, sell, store radioactive material
Class C : License to manufacture, trade in, produce, process, purchase, own,
transfer, handle, sell, store irradiating apparatus
Class D : License to transport radioactive material, irradiating apparatus,
nuclear material, prescribed substance and their waste
Class E : License to export or import radioactive material, irradiating
apparatus, nuclear material, prescribed substance and their waste
Class H : License issued for any other practice or source which have not been
covered under classes mentioned above.
16. Personnel Requirements and Responsibilities
Radiation Control Officer (RCO)
As per rule 54.1of NSRC rule’97 RCO will carryout
responsibilities
Qualified Radiation Workers
All Radiation facilities should be managed by a qualified
radiation workers
The radiotherapy facility should have a medical physicist
who will be responsible for quality assurance in day to
day work in radiotherapy practice
The installation shall have adequate number of qualified
staffs
17. Application of Radiation in Bangladesh
Medical
(Diagnostic x-ray,
Nuclear Medicine
and Radiotherapy)
Industrial (Nuclear
Gauge, Well Logging,
Radiography, Quality
Control etc)
Research and
Education
(Academic
Institutes, Research
Institutes)
Research
Laboratories (RTML,
ICDDRB etc)
Agriculture
Consumer
Products
Non Medical
Human Imaging
(Security,
Insurance,
Human
trafficking……)
18. Licensees shall ensure for all
workers that:
The licensee shall ensure that the
exposure of members of the public
attributable to the practice shall not
exceed the following limits :-
• Occupational exposure be
limited and optimized
• Suitable and adequate facilities,
equipment and services for
protection be provided
• Appropriate protective devices
and monitoring equipment be
provided and properly used
• Appropriate training be
provided as well as periodic
retraining and updating
Control of Occupational Exposure
an effective dose of 20 mSv per
year averaged over five
consecutive years;
an effective dose of 50 mSv in
any single year ;
an equivalent dose to the lens of
the eye of 150 mSv in a year ;
and
an equivalent dose to the
extremities (hands or feet) or
the skin of 500 mSv in a years ;
19. Medical
Exposure
Control
For Medical
Exposure Control
license shall ensure
that-
Slide #
19/95
• no patient be administered a diagnostic or therapeutic
medical exposure unless the exposure is prescribed by a
medical practitioner :
•the concerned medical practitioners be assigned the
primary task and obligation of ensuring overall patient
protection and safety while prescribing and administering
medical exposure ;
•for therapeutic uses of radiation, the calibration,
dosimetry and quality assurance requirements in pursuant
to the applicable standards be conducted by or under the
supervision of a qualified expert in radiotherapy physics ;
and
•the exposure of individuals incurred knowingly while
voluntarily helping in the care, support or comfort of
patients undergoing medical diagnosis or treatment shall
be limited within 5 mSv during the whole treatment period
and for the children visitor, such exposure shall be limited
within I mSv.
20. The licensee shall ensure that the
exposure of members of the public
attributable to the practice shall not
exceed the following limits :-
the licensee shall –
An effective dose of 1 mSv
in a year
An equivalent dose to the
lense of the eye of 15 mSv
in a year and
An equivalent dose to the
skin of 15 mSv in a year
Control of Public Exposure
ensure that the visitors be accompanied
in any controlled area by a person
knowledgeable about radiation
protection and safety measures for that
area ;
provide adequate information and
instructions to the visitors before they
enter into a controlled area so as to
ensure appropriate protection of the
visitors and other individuals who may
be affected by their actions; and
ensure that adequate control over entry
of visitors to a supervised area be
maintained and that the appropriate
signs are posted in such areas.
21. Transport of Radioactive
Material Waste Management Facility
Ensure Transport Safety/Waste Safety (Regulatory
investigation)
The authorization holder or originator shall ensure
availability of qualified staff and adequate financial
resources as needed for safety and security related
activities for spent fuel and radioactive waste
management during the operating lifetime
Authority shall take all necessary measures including
a system of authorizations, to control the import and
export, re-export, transit and transshipment of
radioactive material and related equipment and
technology that has been determined by the Authority
in order to protect the sovereignty and security of
Bangladesh
22. 22
List of Exempted radiation sources with activities and
activity concentrations have been included in Schedule-II
of NSRC Rules-1997
25. Activities
• The appropriate training provided to the
professionals/occupational workers engaged in particular
radiation installation
• Training provided to Radiation Control Officer of all facilities
using radiation sources
• Certified after assessment by examination
26. Training
Slide #
26/95
the authorized radiation control officer shall have
(a)the educational qualification and training approved by the
commission conduct his duty ;
•to be certified by the Regulatory Authority ; and
•to be retrained, if necessary.
27. Public Awareness
Create awareness about the
risk of harmful ionizing
radiation by means of
training and workshop.
Formulating leaflet,
posters, brochures for
creating awareness among
general public about
radiation
29. Conclusion
29
Proper regulations including sufficient independence off
the oversight and public awareness , play an important
role in the success of regulating new technology
BAEAR strongly committed to manage and safe use of
radiation sources and ensuring protection of public
health and environment
Lecture: Add Lecture number and title (see Lesson Plan)
Author(s): Add name(s), country
Status: Master/Copy/Version Complete/Incomplete/Needs update
Modified: 11/4/2021
Purpose:
Add lecture’s goals that lecturer/trainer has to meet; see Lesson Plan
Learning objectives: Upon completion of this lecture, the participants will:
Add performance goals for the participants – what they are expected to learn upon completion of this lecture; see Lesson Plan
Duration: Add presentation time [hrs]
References:
List references for this lecture