Recap on what is development
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1. The document provides guidance and questions for a student to prepare for a geography exam on May 22nd 2014. 2. It lists tasks for the student such as reviewing comments on their book, choosing a target to write in their workbook, and correctly answering exam-style questions. 3. Key terms about development are defined, such as standard of living and human development index, and factors that could be used to measure how developed a country is are discussed.
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1. Many MEDCs are experiencing aging populations as improved healthcare and lower birth rates lead to a higher percentage of elderly citizens.
2. An aging population can cause social, political, and economic problems as the ratio of working adults to retirees declines. It increases costs for pensions and healthcare.
3. Countries are trying strategies to address aging populations like raising retirement ages, encouraging more immigration and childbirth, and raising taxes on working people to contribute more to support retirees.
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1. There are traditionally four ways to divide the world based on wealth and development: first/second/third/fourth world and North/South. However, these divisions are too simple.
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3) Maintaining a sustainable population avoids many social, economic, and political challenges for countries. Different countries use various policies like birth control to influence their population levels.
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The document discusses several topics related to population and economic growth in the United States:
1. It defines the census as the official count of all people and their place of residence taken every 10 years to determine congressional representation.
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3. It explains that the large baby boomer generation will soon increase the dependency ratio as they retire, putting pressure on social programs.
4. It discusses factors like available land, capital investment, labor force, and entrepreneurship that influence economic growth in the US. Maintaining productivity and natural resources is important for sustaining growth.
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Most US baby boomers are unprepared for retirement financially and will need to work longer to avoid a decline in living standards. Research shows that increasing the median retirement age by 2 years could add $13 trillion to GDP over 30 years and cut in half the number of unprepared households. However, barriers like healthcare costs, laws, and corporate attitudes need to change to allow and encourage longer careers for older workers. Adjusting policies around health insurance, flexible work arrangements, and pensions could help boomers and the economy.
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1. Students were divided into groups representing different countries and given sweets to represent their country's population.
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- Countries with high population growth (many LEDCs) tend to have lower levels of consumption per person as resources must be spread across more people. Examples could include parts of Africa and Asia.
- MEDCs with low or zero population growth like parts of Europe and East Asia tend to have higher levels of consumption per person as economic output is concentrated among fewer people.
- However, consumption levels are also influenced by development indicators like GDP per capita. Some high population growth countries may have relatively high consumption if they have strong economies (e.g. parts of Middle East).
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Checklist 2014 for GCSE Geography OCR B
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Revision pack 2014 - GCSE Geography OCR B
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Recap on what is development
- 1. Please go through your book / mock, consider my comments & reply to them. Choose a target from below and write in the ‘What to do next’ box of the WWW stamp Correctly answer exam style answers using Point, Evidence, Explain, Link Use connectives appropriately to develop my points Avoid the use of banned words, using geographical terms instead Make links between concepts & theory Accurately use keyterms to explain
- 2. For examination May 22nd 2014
- 3. Countdown
- 4. Then take away weekends & holidays….. ….122 days in school before the exam…. ….or just 82 hours of Geography
- 5. For examination May 22nd 2014
- 7. MEDC or LEDC – How do we decide? MEDC – More Economically Developed Country - wealthier LEDC – Less Economically Developed Country - poorer What features/characteristics would you expect each to have / not have?
- 8. MEDC or LEDC? – Make a guess. Write down your choice & your proof
- 23. MEDC or LEDC – How do we decide? What problems did you come across when attempting to decide whether a picture represented an MEDC or LEDC? Need to use DATA!!! PROVE IT
- 24. 1. GDP $ per capita (average income per person per year) 2. HDI (human development index) 3. Access to doctor 4. Birth Rate 5. Death Rate 6. Literacy 7. Life expectancy 8. Access to technology etc.
- 25. Key Terms reminder Standard of Living: Quality of Life: Human Development Index (HDI): A measure of how happy and content people are with their lives, considers not just money but other factors like education + healthcare How well-off a person or country is, focusing purely on economic factors – income and jobs A statistic used to rank countries by level of "human development“, taking into account a country’s GDP (wealth), Education and Life
- 26. If you were measuring how developed a country is, which factors would you consider more important? Which factors are the best indicators?
- 27. Is it economic?
- 30. Trade?
- 33. Birth rate?
- 34. Poverty?
- 35. Quality of life?
- 37. Access to Human rights?
- 38. Law & justice?
- 42. Right to vote?
- 44. Sustainability?
- 45. So, what do you think? 1. I would measure how developed a country is by considering…………. 2. Some factors such as………….may be more important because they show……. 3. I would expect a ‘developed’ country to be……and to have……because…….
- 46. youtube
- 47. Watch the world change from those earning less than $1 a day to those on $200 a day http://www.worldmapper.org/animations/inc ome_animation.html
- 48. 2 x sheets on development indicators
- 49. Measures of Development The total of all money produced per year by a country’s workers The percentage of people in the country employed in primary occupations The average number of years a person can expect to live Number of patients divided by the number of doctors The amount of energy which each person in the country uses per year The number of deaths per year per 1000 people The wealth shared out equally among all the people of a country Number of adults who can read and write in every 100 people The number of children per year out of every 1000 born alive that die before they reach the age of one Number of kilocalories (kcals) each person in the country takes in each day The number of births per year per 1000 people Primary Employment; Birth Rate; Infant Mortality; Life Expectancy; GDP; Death Rate; Energy Per Person; Food Intake; GDP per capita; Literacy Rate; People per doctor Economic Social
- 50. Describe & explain which indicator you think is best for measuring development [3marks] Suggest two ways that an MEDC is different to an LEDC [2marks]
- 54. Knowledge Check 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
- 55. 1 What does $GDP per Capita mean?
- 56. 2 Give three reasons why an MEDC such as the UK has such a low Birth Rate
- 57. 3 MEDC or LEDC, and give a reason
- 58. 4 Give three reasons why some LEDCs have high death rates.
- 59. 5 MEDC or LEDC and give a reason
- 60. 6 Give two reasons why Adult Literacy rates are low in some LEDC countries
- 61. 7 Explain why many people in LEDC countries work in primary employment like agriculture.
- 62. 8Give three reasons why birth rates in some LEDC countries are so high.
- 63. 9 Give two reasons why measuring the % of a population who own a mobile phone is a good indicator of development
- 64. Yes! I have understood fully and can confidently use the key terms I get most of it, but I’m sometimes unsure when to use the keywords Help! I don’t understand it!
Editor's Notes
- Development Indicators cards (the images from next slides are on a separate ppt)